Tricuspid Insufficiency after Laser Lead Extraction

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/99088/1/pace12160.pd

Lanthanide-doped glasses under high pressure

According to Zanotto and Mauro [1],“glass is a nonequilibrium, noncrystalline con-densed state of matter that exhibits a glass transition. The structure of glasses islike that of their parent supercooled liquids. Their fate, in the limit of infinite time,is to crystallize.”Glasses are usually formed by quenching of a molten mixture insuch a way that the atoms do not have time to reach the equilibrium spatial config-uration, forming an amorphous solid with short-range order. The glass transitiontemperature,Tg, consists in the temperature range between the rigid solid-statestructure and a more flexible, viscous structure. Good candidates to make glassesmust have high viscosity in the molten state, where the atomic rearrangement isconstrained. Materials that are not able to form glasses are, sometimes, used as net-work modifiers. In this case, they induce the formation of dangling bonds in theprimary three-dimensional glass network, usually decreasing density. The physicalproperties of glasses can be tuned by adjusting their chemical composition.Silica(SiO2), the major constituent of sand, has been the raw material of glassesfor thousands of years. It is formed by SiO4tetrahedra sharing four oxygen atoms(bridging oxygen atoms) in a random spatial configuration. To overcome the highmelting point of silica (1,723 °C), alkali metal oxides such as Na2O, K2O, and Li2Oare used as network modifiers. For instance, the addition of 33 mol% of Na2Ode-creases the melting temperature to 875 °C [2, 3]. The presence of alkali metal posi-tive ions as modifiers induces the formation of nonbridging oxygen (NBO) atoms,so the SiO4tetrahedra would share less than four oxygen atoms, affecting the localstructure and properties of the glass [4–8].Germania(GeO2) is also a good glass former, like SiO2,consistingofGeO4tetrahe-dra sharing four oxygen atoms in a random spatial configuration. It was first synthe-sized by Dennis and Laubengayer in 1926 [9]. The incorporation of glass modifiersinduces an atypical behavior, known asgermanate anomaly: thermophysical proper-ties present maxima or minima depending on the amount of the modifier. In theatomic level, the anomaly is related to modifications in the coordination number ofGe atoms or to the formation of small rings of GeO4[10–13

Análisis crítico de la política criminal y del tipo de injusto del delito fiscal en el perú

In Peru, successive governments have designed their tax collection policy on the basis of the formal sector without addressing the issue of the informal sector, because of the lack of a plan on criminal tax policy. However, this creates a problem of regularization of tax and criminal policy and a space for the commission of tax offenses. In the present article, the authors do research about the subject, noting that when legislators create incentives for the management of economic strategies, it produces an undesirable effect: it creates room for unfair tax crime. Therefore, we should seek to analyze the political-criminal aspects of the offenses listed above, based on a study of the work of the criminal law on taxation.En el Perú, los diferentes gobiernos de turno han diseñado su política recaudatoria sobre la base del sector formal sin abordar la temática del informal, debido a que no ha existido –ni existe– un plan de política penal tributaria. Esta carencia genera un problema de regularizaciónde la política fiscal y criminal, dejando un espacio para la comisión de delitos fiscales. En este artículo, los autores investigan la problemática señalando que la creación de incentivos para la realización de estrategias económicas por parte de los legisladores producirá un efecto inverso al deseado: El tipo injusto del delito fiscal. Por ello, se buscará analizar adecuadamente los aspectos político-criminales de los delitos mencionados anteriormente en el marco del Derecho Penal Tributario

Motivos de exodoncia en pacientes de una clínica estomatológica universitaria Piura del año 2017 – 2019

El objetivo de la investigación es determinar los motivos de exodoncias de las piezas dentales en pacientes de la clínica estomatológica universitaria Piura 2017- 2019. fue de tipo básica, descriptiva, retrospectiva; aplicando la técnica revisión documental, teniendo como instrumento la ficha de recolección de datos. Tomando en cuenta criterios de inclusión y exclusión se obtuvo 465 reportes; resultando el motivo de exodoncia más frecuente, el protésico con 34.0% seguido de EP (enfermedad periodontal) con 24.1%; en mujeres y hombres presentan el protésico 22.4% y 11.6%, seguido de EP 15.5% y 8.6%; no se encuentra relación estadística en ambas variables; en menores de 20 años el ortodóncico con 1.5%, en 21 a 30 años por pulpitis irreversible 2.4%, de 41 a 60 años fue por EP 9.9% y 5.8%, de 31 a 40 años y adultos mayores de 61 años fue por el protésico 14.6% y 5.4%, encontrando asociación entre ambas variables; el motivo protésico fue más frecuente en molares con un 12.7%, obteniendo que existe asociación entre las variables; el tipo de pieza dentaria extraídas fueron las molares 47.7% seguido de premolares 24.5%, incisivos 21.7% y caninos 6%. Concluyendo que el motivo de extracción protésico fue más frecuente con 34.0%

Nuevos registros del Oso Andino Tremarctos ornatus (Carnivora: Ursidae) en Cerro Pintao, Serranía del Perijá, sur de La Guajira, Colombia

This note reports a new field record of the presence of Tremarctos ornatus in Urumita, south of La Guajira, border with Venezuela. The report is represented by the finding of fresh faeces in a wooded sector of Cerro Pintao. Additionally, we documented some anecdotal records of sightings of the species by local residents in the municipality of Villanueva. These sightings were made outside the limits of the Cerro Pintao Regional Natural Park, more data and more field effort are needed to reevaluate the limits of this protected area.En esta nota se reporta un nuevo registro de campo de la presencia de Tremarctos ornatus en Urumita, sur de la Guajira, frontera con Venezuela. El reporte está representado por el hallazgo de heces frescas en un sector boscoso del Cerro Pintao. Adicionalmente, documentamos algunos registros anecdóticos de avistamientos de la especie por pobladores locales en el municipio de Villanueva. Estos avistamientos se hicieron fuera de los límites del Parque Natural Regional Cerro Pintao, se necesitan más datos y más esfuerzo de campo para reevaluar los límites de esta área protegida

Interferon-γ-Inducible Protein 10 (IP-10) as a Screening Tool to Optimize Human Immunodeficiency Virus RNA Monitoring in Resource-Limited Settings.

BACKGROUND: Achieving effective antiretroviral treatment (ART) monitoring is a key determinant to ensure viral suppression and reach the UNAIDS 90-90-90 targets. The gold standard for detecting virological failure is plasma human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) RNA (viral load [VL]) testing; however, its availability is very limited in low-income countries due to cost and operational constraints. METHODS: HIV-1-infected adults on first-line ART attending routine visits at the Manhiça District Hospital, Mozambique, were previously evaluated for virologic failure. Plasma levels of interferon-γ-inducible protein 10 (IP-10) were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Logistic regression was used to build an IP-10-based model able to identify individuals with VL >150 copies/mL. From the 316 individuals analyzed, 253 (80%) were used for model training and 63 (20%) for validation. Receiver operating characteristic curves were employed to evaluate model prediction. RESULTS: From the individuals included in the training set, 34% had detectable VL. Mean age was 41 years, 70% were females, and median time on ART was 3.4 years. IP-10 levels were significantly higher in subjects with detectable VL (108.2 pg/mL) as compared to those with undetectable VL (38.0 pg/mL) (P < .0001, U test). IP-10 univariate model demonstrated high classification performance (area under the curve = 0.85 [95% confidence interval {CI}, .80-.90]). Using a cutoff value of IP-10 ≥44.2 pg/mL, the model identified detectable VL with 91.9% sensitivity (95% CI, 83.9%-96.7%) and 59.9% specificity (95% CI, 52.0%-67.4%), values confirmed in the validation set. CONCLUSIONS: IP-10 is an accurate biomarker to screen individuals on ART for detectable viremia. Further studies should evaluate the benefits of IP-10 as a triage approach to monitor ART in resource-limited settings

Interferon-gamma-Inducible Protein 10 (IP-10) as a Screening Tool to Optimize Human Immunodeficiency Virus RNA Monitoring in Resource-Limited Settings

Background: Achieving effective antiretroviral treatment (ART) monitoring is a key determinant to ensure viral suppression and reach the UNAIDS 90-90-90 targets. The gold standard for detecting virological failure is plasma human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) RNA (viral load [VL]) testing; however, its availability is very limited in low-income countries due to cost and operational constraints. Methods: HIV-1-infected adults on first-line ART attending routine visits at the Manhica District Hospital, Mozambique, were previously evaluated for virologic failure. Plasma levels of interferon-gamma-inducible protein 10 (IP-10) were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Logistic regression was used to build an IP-10-based model able to identify individuals with VL >150 copies/mL. From the 316 individuals analyzed, 253 (80%) were used for model training and 63 (20%) for validation. Receiver operating characteristic curves were employed to evaluate model prediction. Results: From the individuals included in the training set, 34% had detectable VL. Mean age was 41 years, 70% were females, and median time on ART was 3.4 years. IP-10 levels were significantly higher in subjects with detectable VL (108.2 pg/mL) as compared to those with undetectable VL (38.0 pg/mL) (P < .0001, U test). IP-10 univariate model demonstrated high classification performance (area under the curve = 0.85 [95% confidence interval {CI}, .80-.90]). Using a cutoff value of IP-10 >/=44.2 pg/mL, the model identified detectable VL with 91.9% sensitivity (95% CI, 83.9%-96.7%) and 59.9% specificity (95% CI, 52.0%-67.4%), values confirmed in the validation set. Conclusions: IP-10 is an accurate biomarker to screen individuals on ART for detectable viremia. Further studies should evaluate the benefits of IP-10 as a triage approach to monitor ART in resource-limited settings

New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation After Aortic Valve Replacement Comparison of Transfemoral, Transapical, Transaortic, and Surgical Approaches

ObjectivesThis study sought to determine the incidence of new-onset atrial fibrillation (AF) associated with different methods of isolated aortic valve replacement (AVR)—transfemoral (TF), transapical (TA), and transaortic (TAo) catheter-based valve replacement and conventional surgical approaches.BackgroundThe relative incidences of AF associated with the various access routes for AVR have not been well characterized.MethodsIn this single-center, retrospective cohort study, we evaluated a total of 231 consecutive patients who underwent AVR for degenerative aortic stenosis (AS) between March 2010 and September 2012. Patients with a history of paroxysmal, persistent, or chronic AF, with bicuspid aortic valves, and patients who died within 48 h after AVR were excluded. A total of 123 patients (53% of total group) qualified for inclusion. Data on documented episodes of new-onset AF, along with all clinical, echocardiographic, procedural, and 30-day follow-up data, were collated.ResultsAF occurred in 52 patients (42.3%). AF incidence varied according to the procedural method. AF occurred in 60% of patients who underwent surgical AVR (SAVR), in 53% after TA-TAVR, in 33% after TAo-TAVR cases, and 14% after TF-TAVR. The episodes occurred at a median time interval of 53 (25th to 75th percentile, 41 to 87) h after completion of the procedure. Procedures without pericardiotomy had an 82% risk reduction of AF compared with those with pericardiotomy (adjusted odds ratio: 0.18; 95% confidence interval: 0.05 to 0.59).ConclusionsAF was a common complication of AVR with a cumulative incidence of >40% in elderly patients with degenerative AS who underwent either SAVR or TAVR. AF was most common with SAVR and least common with TF-TAVR. Procedures without pericardiotomy were associated with a lower incidence of AF

Identification of Plitidepsin as Potent Inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2-Induced Cytopathic Effect After a Drug Repurposing Screen

There is an urgent need to identify therapeutics for the treatment of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Although different antivirals are given for the clinical management of SARS-CoV-2 infection, their efficacy is still under evaluation. Here, we have screened existing drugs approved for human use in a variety of diseases, to compare how they counteract SARS-CoV-2-induced cytopathic effect and viral replication in vitro. Among the potential 72 antivirals tested herein that were previously proposed to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 infection, only 18 % had an IC50 below 25 µM or 102 IU/ml. These included plitidepsin, novel cathepsin inhibitors, nelfinavir mesylate hydrate, interferon 2-alpha, interferon-gamma, fenofibrate, camostat along the well-known remdesivir and chloroquine derivatives. Plitidepsin was the only clinically approved drug displaying nanomolar efficacy. Four of these families, including novel cathepsin inhibitors, blocked viral entry in a cell-type specific manner. Since the most effective antivirals usually combine therapies that tackle the virus at different steps of infection, we also assessed several drug combinations. Although no particular synergy was found, inhibitory combinations did not reduce their antiviral activity. Thus, these combinations could decrease the potential emergence of resistant viruses. Antivirals prioritized herein identify novel compounds and their mode of action, while independently replicating the activity of a reduced proportion of drugs which are mostly approved for clinical use. Combinations of these drugs should be tested in animal models to inform the design of fast track clinical trials.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio