Sobre la atribución del auto sacramental "La Araucana": Andrés de Claramonte frente a Lope de Vega

El presente artículo analiza los problemas de atribución del auto sacramental La Araucana, publicado como auto de Lope de Vega por Marcelino Menéndez Pelayo en 1893. Un estudio comparativo en relación con el teatro de Andrés de Claramonte en uso porcentual métrico, pasajes paralelos y sucesión de sustantivos, permiten postular a este último poeta del Siglo de Oro español como dramaturgo más cercano al estilo literario del auto sacramental La Araucana.The present article examines the authorship of the “auto sacramental” La Araucana, attributed to Lope de Vega in 1893 by Marcelino Menéndez Pelayo. A study of the auto compared with Andrés de Claramonte’s plays regarding meter characteristics, parallel passages and noun series, suggests that this last poet of the Spanish Golden Age would be the closest playwright as to the literary style of La Araucana

Dipole-dipole interaction between a quantum dot and graphene nanodisk

We study theoretically the dipole-dipole interaction and energy transfer in a hybrid system consisting of a quantum dot and graphene nanodisk embedded in a nonlinear photonic crystal. In our model a probe laser field is applied to measure the energy transfer between the quantum dot and graphene nanodisk while a control field manipulates the energy transfer process. These fields create excitons in the quantum dot and surface plasmon polaritons in the graphene nanodisk which interact via the dipole-dipole interaction. Here the nonlinear photonic crystal acts as a tunable photonic reservoir for the quantum dot, and is used to control the energy transfer. We have found that the spectrum of power absorption in the quantum dot has two peaks due to the creation of two dressed excitons in the presence of the dipole-dipole interaction. The energy transfer rate spectrum of the graphene nanodisk also has two peaks due to the absorption of these two dressed excitons. Additionally, energy transfer between the quantum dot and the graphene nanodisk can be switched on and off by applying a pump laser to the photonic crystal or by adjusting the strength of the dipole-dipole interaction. We show that the intensity and frequencies of the peaks in the energy transfer rate spectra can be modified by changing the number of graphene monolayers in the nanodisk or the separation between the quantum dot and graphene. Our results agree with existing experiments on a qualitative basis. The principle of our system can be employed to fabricate nano-biosensors, optical nano-switches, and energy transfer devices

Observability in dynamic evolutionary models

In the paper observability problems are considered in basic dynamic evolutionary models for sexual and asexual populations. Observability means that from the (partial) knowledge of certain phenotypic characteristics the whole evolutionary process can be uniquely recovered. Sufficient conditions are given to guarantee observability for both sexual and asexual populations near an evolutionarily stable state

Local null controllability of the N-dimensional Navier-Stokes system with N-1 scalar controls in an arbitrary control domain

In this paper we deal with the local null controllability of the N-dimensional Navier-Stokes system with internal controls having one vanishing component. The novelty of this work is that no condition is imposed on the control domain

Bioethics and University: The University Hospital, Private or Public Institution?

Para el aprendizaje de la medicina, la práctica directa con el paciente es fundamental, con el fin de poder aplicar de manera adecuada los conocimientos teóricos. De hecho, sin esta práctica, el aprendizaje de la medicina no se consolida. Por lo tanto, el hospital se convierte en el aula docente más importante durante el entrenamiento del médico. Ancestralmente han sido los hospitales públicos, antaño de caridad, los que acogían a las facultades de medicina, concepto inherente al modelo paternalista de la medicina. Sin embargo, con el cambio de paradigma hacia una medicina respetuosa de la justicia y la autonomía, es indispensable replantearse si esta educación en sitios donde se atienden primordialmente pacientes del régimen contributivo o subsidiado es ético. Esta discriminación atenta contra la justicia, la dignidad de las personas y su autonomía. No existen criterios reales que permitan discriminar de esta manera la educación, y ésta debe desarrollarse en todos los ámbitos: públicos y privados.In order to acquire a real and useful knowledge of medicine, the practice in the hospital setting is indispensable. Public, former charity hospitals have been the scenary for student practice. In a paternalistic model of medicine this was understandable. Nevertheless now that the model has changed to a more respectful of autonomy and justice this discrimination appears as unethical. There are no real reasons to discriminate education in such a way. Medical education should happen in both the public and private sector

Damage tolerance assessment by bend and shear tests of two multilayer composites: Glass fibre reinforced metal laminate and aluminium roll-bonded laminate

The damage tolerance of an aluminium roll-bonded laminate (ALH19) and a glass fibre reinforced laminate (GLARE) (both based in Al 2024-T3) has been studied. The composite laminates have been tested under 3-point bend and shear tests on the interfaces to analyze their fracture behaviour. During the bend tests different fracture mechanisms were activated for both laminates, which depend on the constituent materials and their interfaces. The high intrinsic toughness of the pure Al 1050 layers present in the aluminium roll-bonded laminate (ALH19), together with extrinsic toughening mechanisms such as crack bridging and interface delamination were responsible for the enhanced toughness of this composite laminate. On the other hand, crack deflection by debonding between the glass fibres and the plastic resin in GLARE, was the main extrinsic toughening mechanism present in this composite laminateFinancial support from CICYT (Project MAT2003-01172) is gratefully acknowledged. C.M. Cepeda-Jiménez thanks the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science for a Juan de la Cierva contract. Authors also thank Delft University of Technology for providing the GLARE.Peer reviewe

Study of NWP parameterizations on extreme precipitation events over Basque Country

The Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF), like other numerical models, can make use of several parameterization schemes. The purpose of this study is to determine how available cumulus parameterization (CP) and microphysics (MP) schemes in the WRF model simulate extreme precipitation events in the Basque Country. Possible combinations among two CP schemes (Kain–Fritsch and Betts–Miller–Janjic) and five MP (WSM3, Lin, WSM6, new Thompson and WDM6) schemes were tested. A set of simulations, corresponding to 21st century extreme precipitation events that have caused significant flood episodes have been compared with point observational data coming from the Basque Country Automatic Weather Station Mesonetwork. Configurations with Kain–Fritsch CP scheme produce better quantity of precipitation forecast (QPF) than BMJ scheme configurations. Depending on the severity level and the river basin analysed different MP schemes show the best behaviours, demonstrating that there is not a unique configuration that solve exactly all the studied events.The authors would like to thank the 100–120 50 Emergencies and Meteorology Directorate – Security Department – Basque Government for public provision of data and operational service financial support