Yves Thériault et la fiction brève (Quatre remarques préléminaires à la réception des contes et nouvelles d'Yves Thériault comme objets d'étude)

Sont ici proposées quatre remarques sur les formes brèves contes et nouvelles appliquées à la manière de Thériault. Un: l'oeuvre de Thériault est si diversifié, si fragmenté, Thériault a si souvent récupéré des parties de ses textes que l' advenir de son oeuvre le work in progress nous échappe presque totalement. Deux: : pour s'installer en écrivain devant l'institution, Thériault a choisi de fabuler sur le mode du conteur; cela détermine son usage de la fiction brève. Trois: Thériault, qui a commencé à écrire par oreille, a réussi à composer un style particulier, quasi artificiel, un style qui ne doit rien à personne en ce pays, mais qui peut être reçu par tous. Quatre: les personnages des fictions brèves de Thériault, sortis d'un pays qui n'est que très approximativement le nôtre, montrent une langue étale et peu représentative de l'usage qu'en font les Québécois, mais une langue évocatoire et oratoire qui participe à l'élaboration d'un monde proprement littéraire.This article puts forward four comments concerning the Thériauls style short forms (tales and short stories). 1) Thériaults work is so fragmented diversified, and he so frequently reuses sections of his texts, that its development (the "work in progress") almost totally escapes us. 2) In order to establish himself as a writer in the eyes of the institution, Thériault chose to fabulate, which dictated his use of short fiction. 3)Thériauft, who began by "writing by ear", succeeded in creating his very own style, an almost artificial style, which does not owe anything to anybody in this country while still being well received by everybody.4) The characters of Thériault's short fiction, coming from a country that is only approximately ours, use a colorless language, little representative of Quebec usage, but which, being both evocative and rhetorical, contributes to the making of a true literary world

Omental adipocyte hypertrophy relates to coenzyme Q10 redox state and lipid peroxidation in obese women

Occurrence of oxidative stress in white adipose tissues contributes to its dysfunction and the development of obesity-related metabolic complications. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is the single lipophilic antioxidant synthesized in humans and is essential for electron transport during mitochondrial respiration. To understand the role of CoQ10 in adipose tissue physiology and dysfunction, the abundance of the oxidized and reduced (CoQ10red) isoforms of the CoQ10 were quantified in subcutaneous and omental adipose tissues of women covering the full range of BMI (from 21.5 to 53.2 kg/m2). Lean women displayed regional variations of CoQ10 redox state between the omental and subcutaneous depot, despite similar total content. Obese women had reduced CoQ10red concentrations in the omental depot, leading to increased CoQ10 redox state and higher levels of lipid hydroperoxide. Women with low omental CoQ10 content had greater visceral and subcutaneous adiposity, increased omental adipocyte diameter, and higher circulating interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein levels and were more insulin resistant. The associations between abdominal obesity-related cardiometabolic risk factors and CoQ10 content in the omental depot were abolished after adjustment for omental adipocyte diameter. This study shows that hypertrophic remodeling of visceral fat closely relates to depletion of CoQ10, lipid peroxidation, and inflammation

Topological surface states of strained Mercury-Telluride probed by ARPES

The topological surface states of strained HgTe have been measured using high-resolution ARPES measurements. The dispersion of surface states form a Dirac cone, which origin is close to the top of the \ghh band: the top half of the Dirac cone is inside the stress-gap while the bottom half lies within the heavy hole bands and keeps a linear dispersion all the way to the X-point. The circular dichroism of the photo-emitted electron intensity has also been measured for all the bands.Comment: with supplementary materia

Origin of micropores In late jurassic (Oxfordian) micrites of the eastern Paris basin, France

Porous micritic facies, either primary chalks or resulting from secondary destructive micritization, can constitute important hydrocarbon or water reservoirs. Characterization of reservoir properties and the understanding of factors which controlled the distribution of porosity are of primary interest to evaluate the prospective reserves. Middle and late Oxfordian limestones of the eastern Paris Basin show several horizons with porosities higher than 20%. The porosity is mainly microporous and located either within secondary micritized grains or in the micritic matrix. Using SEM, cathodoluminescence, as well as confocal microscopy, stable oxygen and carbon isotope ratios, and petrophysical measurements, a scenario for the evolution of the micropores is proposed. Lime mudstones to packstones constitute the majority of the high-porosity facies (HPFs). Inner lagoonal deposits are more micritized and thus more porous than grainstones, and facies rich in leiolitic oncoids and echinoid clasts are less impacted by micritization. Micritization was responsible for an increase of the intragranular porosity in most grain types. During both eogenesis and shallow burial, mineralogical stabilization dissolved aragonitic particles and allowed precipitation of calcite rhombs. This process was probably enhanced below surfaces of subaerial exposure. During burial, Ostwald ripening allowed the growth of larger micrite crystals at the expense of smaller ones during early Berriasian and late Aptian recharges of deep aquifers when the northern margin of the basin was exposed. Overgrowths on micrite crystals were more important in intervals strongly affected by chemical compaction, which favored oversaturation of waters with respect to calcite. In low-porosity horizons (LPFs), the dense micritic texture of oncoids and the monocrystalline architecture of echinoid clasts prevented an intense micritization, while the strong chemical compaction enhanced poronecrosis. Telogenetic fracturing created new fluid pathways that favored inputs of meteoric fluid in porous micrite and allowed the continuation of Ostwald ripening during Cenozoic times. As a whole, mesogenetic inputs of waters undersaturated with respect to calcite in deep aquifers during exposure of basin margins are a more efficient process than early subaerial exposure for enhancing aggrading neomorphism and appearance of microporous micrites. Initial mineralogical heterogeneities also impact the intensity of chemical compaction and thus the stratigraphical distribution of microporous limestones

Appraisal of the information content of the C classes of CEAP clinical classification of chronic venous disorders: A multicenter evaluation of 872 patients

AbstractObjective: Clinical classifications attempt to summarize a large amount of information in a few indices. CEAP is the most comprehensive and widely used classification of chronic venous disorders. The objective was to evaluate, in a routine clinical setting, the information associated with each CEAP clinical class and their ascending severity and additivity. Methods: This work was a multicenter evaluation of newly designed software dedicated to the management of venous diseases. Forty-nine angiologists from nine European countries entered a total of 872 full records of unselected patients. The data were analyzed to evaluate the informational value of each of the clinical classes and to test their ascending severity and additivity, with monovariate and multivariate statistical techniques with SPSS/PC software on the database of the 872 right lower limbs. Results: The series consisted of 700 women (80.3%) and 172 men, aged 18 to 100 years (median, 53 years). The ascending severity of the classes was shown with the statistical association of higher severity C classes with the age of the patient, a history of previous deep vein thrombosis, the diameter class of the most dilated varicose vein, venous symptoms, and the presence of a corona phlebectatica. The additivity, as measured with the Cronbach α coefficient analysis, was satisfactory in highest classes but poorer within the first three classes, and factor analysis of correspondences showed the heterogeneity of the variables that make the classification. Conclusion: The information summarized with the CEAP clinical classes shows a good ascending severity but a poorer additivity. These limitations seem to be related to the heterogeneity of the information content, which suggests some refinements of this basic tool for clinical research in the field of chronic venous disorders. (J Vasc Surg 2003;37:827-33.