Recognizing High Achievement in Context: A Multilevel Analysis of Friends' Values and Individuals' Motivation and Background as Associated with the Identification of Tenth-Graders by Teachers and Test Performance

The relationships of school context, motivation, and individual background to receiving teacher nominations for advanced work and/or scoring in the top decile on a standardized test of achievement were examined in both English and mathematics using survey data collected from a nationally-representative sample of tenth grade students as part of the Educational Longitudinal Study of 2002. This study builds upon previous research examining the relationships between students identified as high-achieving by test score criteria and by teacher nomination criteria by exploring whether certain characteristics of students and their schools systematically make them more or less likely to meet them. Students' individual perceptions of their school context were only associated with achievement criteria met in math. Students who perceived their friends to be the least socially-oriented were most likely to meet both criteria. Further, male students who perceived their friends to be the least academically-oriented were the most likely to have high test performance but no teacher nomination. Students who were self-efficacious and intrinsically motivated were the most likely to meet both criteria in English and in math The relationship of intrinsic motivation in math to having high achievement recognized by teachers in this area was especially prominent for male students. Further, students of Black or Hispanic ethnicity were more likely than were white students to be nominated as high achieving by teachers despite lower test performance, as were students from lower socioeconomic statuses. Male students, on the other hand, were more likely than females overall to have high test performance without being nominated as high-achieving by teachers. Specific aspects of these relationships vary between subject areas. In addition to several associations with individual characteristics, the proportions of students identified as high-achieving only by teachers differ systematically among schools. This variation can be explained by several school-level variables, including school socioeconomic status and minority composition. These findings affirm that there are systematic differences between students identified as high-achieving by teacher nominations and by test scores. Learning more about these differences will help teachers and administrators to consider explicitly these factors when identifying adolescent students for special programs and other recognitions

Uranium Mononitride: Heat Capacity and Thermodynamic Properties from 5° to 350°K

The low‐temperature heat capacity of UN was determined by adiabatic calorimetry and found to have a normal sigmate temperature dependence, except for the presence of an anomaly near 52°K associated with antiferromagnetic ordering of the electron spins. At 298.15°K the heat capacity (CP), entropy (S°), enthalpy function [(H°—H°0)/T], and Gibbs energy function [—(G°—H°0)/T] are, respectively, 11.43, 14.97, 7.309, and 7.664 cal/(gfm⋅°K).Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/70037/2/JCPSA6-45-2-635-1.pd

Factors influencing engagement in postnatal weight management and subsequent weight and well-being outcomes

Many women exceed gestational weight gain recommendations. Successful postnatal weight management decreases the risk of entering further pregnancies obese. This service evaluation investigates women’s motivations to lose weight postnatally, the weight loss achieved and impact on self-esteem. Methods: online survey using quantitative questions to determine motivation and lifestyle behaviours related to post-natal weight management in women attending a commercial weight management organisation. Weekly weights confirmed from digitally recorded data. Results: 1015 responded. Mean joining BMI was 33.3kg/m2 ± 5.85 and when surveyed 30.5kg/m2 ± 5.86, a change of -2.8 ± 0.1 kg/m² (p <0.01, 95% CI 2.76 – 3.11). 463 (45.7%) joined the groups between 6-26 weeks postnatal. Main motivators to lose weight were ‘to improve how I feel about my body size and shape’ (85.2%) and ‘improve self-confidence’ (76.6%) although only ‘to improve my health’ (65.6%) correlated with actual weight loss (0.114, p<0.01). Healthcare professional recommendation was less of a reason (6.5%). Improvements in self-confidence (77.6%), self-esteem (78.6%), wellbeing (85.2%) and body size/shape (70.1%) were reported. Conclusion: Women chose to engage to improve self-confidence, feelings about their body shape and health. There is an opportunity for healthcare professionals to encourage women early after giving birth to engage in weight loss and this may improve outcomes

Measuring Civic Competence in Europe: a Composite Indicator Based on IEA Civic Education Study 1999 for 14 Years Old in School

Measuring Civic Competence in Europe is part of a process to establish and monitor the learning outcomes needed to facilitate the development of active citizens in Europe. This report is an exploration of how civic competence can be measured and the results of these measurements across Europe and internationally. It describes what civic competence is in terms of the attitudes, values, knowledge and skills required and how it can be calculated using existing data from international tests. The data and scales used are from the IEA 1999 international Civic Education study of 14-year-olds in school. It clearly highlights the limitations of the data coverage for civic competence and explains which aspects of civic competence are not available and the implication for measuring civic competence. Following this the Civic Competence Composite Indicator is built using a framework comprised of 4 dimensions; Citizenship values, Social justice (both values and attitudes), Participatory attitudes and Cognitions about democratic institutions. Statistically the composite indicator was proved to be robust. The results of the CCCI ranking do not show clear geographical patterns and where patterns do occur these do not follow typical European scoreboard results. There is some tendency for Southern-European countries to be in the upper part of the ranking with Cyprus and Greece doing particularly well in the overall CCCI. For the four dimensions the results across Europe show that in countries with long standing stable democracies, where there are high levels of adult participation, young people's attitudes towards participation and Citizenship values are low. The opposite is true for less stable and more recent democracies that can be found in south and east Europe: in these countries young people have greater Participatory attitudes and values. North and West Europe fared better in the results for cognition about democratic institutions and the values of Social justice. In this case it was Eastern European countries that had low scores. The lack of a history of democratic citizenship education and the experience of Communism are likely to be contributory factors.JRC.G.9-Econometrics and statistical support to antifrau

Comparing Attitudes in the 1999 and 2009 IEA Civic and Citizenship Education Studies: Opportunities and Limitations Illustrated in Five Countries

Both the 1999 IEA Civic Education Study (CIVED) and the 2009 IEA International Civics and Citizenship Education Study (ICCS) sought to examine young people’s attitudes and behaviors as related to civic engagement in addition to their civic knowledge. Now that both studies are completed, questions can be asked about the extent to which the averages of outcomes across countries have stayed consistent or changed. The purpose of this article is to review the CIVED and ICCS studies to examine the potential for, and potential limitations to, such a comparison extending beyond the cognitive domain to some attitudinal and participatory outcomes. We compared guiding frameworks for each study, examined the similarities and differences among items in scales appearing in both studies, and provided a general discussion of the pitfalls of comparing IRT scales across cohorts. An item-level analysis explored whether young people’s average attitudes toward immigrants’ rights and institutional trust changed between 1999 and 2009 in five Nordic countries. Stability in support for immigrants’ rights and increasing trust are apparent in most countries, although exceptions to this pattern exist. Recommendations for secondary analysis of CIVED and ICCS are discussed

Democratic School Engagement and Civic Participation among European Adolescents: Analysis of Data from the IEA Civic Education Study

Kein Abstract vorhanden No Abstract availabl

Acute Overactive Endocannabinoid Signaling Induces Glucose Intolerance, Hepatic Steatosis, and Novel Cannabinoid Receptor 1 Responsive Genes

Endocannabinoids regulate energy balance and lipid metabolism by stimulating the cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1). Genetic deletion and pharmacological antagonism have shown that CB1 signaling is necessary for the development of obesity and related metabolic disturbances. However, the sufficiency of endogenously produced endocannabinoids to cause hepatic lipid accumulation and insulin resistance, independent of food intake, has not been demonstrated. Here, we show that a single administration of isopropyl dodecylfluorophosphonate (IDFP), perhaps the most potent pharmacological inhibitor of endocannabinoid degradation, increases hepatic triglycerides (TG) and induces insulin resistance in mice. These effects involve increased CB1 signaling, as they are mitigated by pre-administration of a CB1 antagonist (AM251) and in CB1 knockout mice. Despite the strong physiological effects of CB1 on hepatic lipid and glucose metabolism, little is known about the downstream targets responsible for these effects. To elucidate transcriptional targets of CB1 signaling, we performed microarrays on hepatic RNA isolated from DMSO (control), IDFP and AM251/IDFP-treated mice. The gene for the secreted glycoprotein lipocalin 2 (lcn2), which has been implicated in obesity and insulin resistance, was among those most responsive to alterations in CB1 signaling. The expression pattern of IDFP mice segregated from DMSO mice in hierarchal cluster analysis and AM251 pre-administration reduced (>50%) the majority (303 of 533) of the IDFP induced alterations. Pathway analysis revealed that IDFP altered expression of genes involved in lipid, fatty acid and steroid metabolism, the acute phase response, and amino acid metabolism in a CB1-dependent manner. PCR confirmed array results of key target genes in multiple independent experiments. Overall, we show that acute IDFP treatment induces hepatic TG accumulation and insulin resistance, at least in part through the CB1 receptor, and identify novel cannabinoid responsive genes

Service evaluation of weight outcomes as a function of initial BMI in 34,271 adults referred to a primary care/commercial weight management partnership scheme

Peer reviewedPublisher PD

The Grizzly, October 20, 1989

Student Day a Success • Lynk Speaks On Acquaintance Rape • Letters: Homecoming Letter; Shaped Up! • Wismer Work Beats Kennel • Greenpeace Fights for Nature • Voice for Choice to be Heard • L\u27Bears Teamwork Pays Off • Gettysburg Meets Waterloo • Harriers Succeed Despite Setbacks • Swimmers Look to Season • Athletes of the Week • Confrontation: Not Richter • Esther: Et tu Wismer?https://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1244/thumbnail.jp

The Grizzly, September 8, 1989

Hudson Gets $ Flowing • Earth Day Seed Planted • French Studies Papa\u27s Notes • Lopez Lures Listeners • Kruse Spot to Dawleys House • Presidential Candidates • Victory at GB Classic • Captains Lead Attack • Gros Sets Goals • Quest Continues • V-ball: Ichiban! • Coaches Added • Optimistic Lady Bears Start Season • Beaches No Bumshttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1239/thumbnail.jp