An action plan to retain employees in poreu

Many are the differences from generation Y to the previous one. One of them is the way this generation live their life and specially their working life. They are demanding and want always more. This is a generation that want to know the route of every problem. They are always seeking for better opportunities and do not settle. They are the job hoppers. The human resources departments face a problem when it comes to fulfil these employees. What can the employers do to satisfy their needs? How to deal and retain this young workforce? These are the main questions of this thesis. So that, 8 ex-employees of one specific company were interviewed and shared their perspectives about the topic. Through the testimonies, it was developed an action plan which its main purpose is to help the company to understand the reasons that made their employees quit and present some suggestions that the human resources can apply in the future.Muitas são as diferenças entre a geração Y e os seus antecessores. Uma das principais diferenças é o modo como encaram a vida, especialmente a vida profissional. São exigentes e querem sempre mais e mais. São uma geração que procura sempre a raiz do problema. Eles, estão sempre a procura de novas oportunidades e não querem assentar. São os chamados job hoppers. Os departamentos de recursos humanos das empresas enfrentam hoje em dia um problema com esta geração. O que podem os empregadores fazer para satisfazer esta geração? Como lidar e reter estes jovens trabalhadores? Estas são as principais questões desta tese. Foram, então entrevistados 8 antigos colaboradores de uma empresa em particular que partilharam as suas perspetivas sobre o tema em questão. Tomando os testemunhos como ponto de partida, foi desenvolvido um plano de ação que tem como principal objetivo ajudar a empresa a perceber as razões que levaram os trabalhadores a sair da empresa e também algumas sugestões que podem ser postas em pratica no futuro

A contribution to the study of infant-directed singing in the NICU.

UID/EAT/00693/2019Background: The presence of lullabies has been observed around the world, in all cultures and historical periods. However, nowadays it seems that there has been a decrease in the knowledge and practice of lullabies in several contexts (Esteve-Faubel, Esteve-Faubel, Cavia-Naya, & Benlloch, 2014; Doja, 2014). It has been reported that in Portugal a small number of mothers and educators know and use this repertoire in order to lull their babies (Canez, 2008; Castro, 2013). We studied the case of a Portuguese Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) in order to observe this specific context. Aims: This study aims to produce more scientific data in the context of Infant Directed Singing in the case of pre-term infants in Portuguese NICU, as a complement to the limited existing literature. Our purpose was to understand what and how these mothers sing to lull their babies, focusing on lullabies as a specific behavior of mother-infant interaction. Method: We used a quantitative method, with a study case, where 36 mothers sang without words to their hospitalized preterm infants born between 32 and 37 weeks of gestation, in Kangaroo Supported Diagonal Flexion Positioning (Buil, Carchon, Apter, Laborne, Gratier, & Devouche, 2016). We parametrize the repertoire and analyze its characteristics, namely the melodic contours, range pitch, melodic intervals, rhythm, tempo and form. The participants also responded to a questionnaire regarding the habits of singing to their baby. Results: The repertoire sung by the participants was mainly based on pre-existing, highly mediated melodies such as Brahm’s Lullaby, Twinkle Twinkle Little Star or Happy Birthday. Few mothers chose to sing Portuguese play songs or lullabies. The improvised singing was highly repetitive and mostly by whole tones. Older and more educated mothers sang more pre-existing melodies and younger mothers tended to improvise. Conclusions: This study showed that these mothers tend to sing more adult songs and children’s mediated songs to their hospitalized babies than traditional Portuguese play songs or lullabies suggesting that, as shown in other studies (Grasina, 2017) mothers are not familiar with the Portuguese repertoire. It is possible that the sociological changes of a family in Portugal (Leandro, 2006), as well as the development of automatic reproduction devices that replace mother’s voice, led to this fact (Baker & Mackinlay, 2006). The characteristics in the improvised repertoire, which may be related to an attempt to please and calm the baby, were also common to a comfortable chant for a female voice. Further studies should tell us the vocal and physiological response of preterm infants to these songs.publishersversionpublishe

El taller de lectura, una estrategia didáctica para propiciar la práctica social de la lectura, en los estudiantes del grado quinto de la Institución Educativa Juan de Dios Cock

La presente investigación cualitativa, fundamentada en un Enfoque de Interpretación Crítica y en las fases de la Investigación-Acción Participativa, fue realizada en la Institución Educativa Juan de Dios Cock, con el grupo 5°1, con el fin de aportar a la resignificación de la lectura en la escuela, en busca de asumirla como una práctica social. Este estudio partió de la identificación de las actitudes, percepciones y prácticas lectoras de los estudiantes, para el diseño e implementación del Taller de lectura como estrategia didáctica que propició la interacción con diferentes géneros discursivos y tipologías textuales, acercándolos a las diferentes funciones que cumple la lectura. Para el análisis de la información se consideraron las voces de los estudiantes, los referentes conceptuales y la interpretación de las maestras investigadoras, todo ello, en relación con las categorías de investigación: Leer, lectura, prácticas lectoras y funciones de la lectura. Esto dio lugar a la creación de reflexiones crítico pedagógicas, una dirigida al maestro para que se cuestione sobre su rol en la formación de lectores y otra, al estudiante para invitarlo a formarse como lector, que no sólo tenga éxito en el ámbito académico, sino también en su rol como sujeto partícipe de una sociedad.The present qualitative research, based on a Critical Interpretation Approach and in the phases of Participatory Action Research, was carried out at the Juan de Dios Cock Educational Institution, with the group 5 ° 1, in order to contribute to the resignification of the reading at school, looking to assume it as a social practice. This study started from the identification of the students' attitudes, perceptions and reading practices, for the design and implementation of the Reading Workshop as a didactic strategy that fostered the interaction with different discursive genre and textual typologies, bringing them closer to the different functions fulfilled by the reading. For the analysis of the information the voices of the students, the conceptual referents and the interpretation of the investigating teachers were considered, all this, in relation with the research categories: To read, reading, reading practices and reading functions. This led to the creation of critical pedagogical reflections, one directed to the teacher to question his/her role in the training of readers and another, the students to invite them to be trained as a readers, not only succeed in the academic field, but also in his/her role as participant subject of a society

Improving User Interaction on Ontology-based Peer Data Management Systems

The issue of user interaction for query formulation and execution has been investigated for distributed and dynamic environments, such as Peer Data Management System (PDMS). Many of these PDMS are semantic based and composed by data peers which export schemas that are represented by ontologies. In the literature we can find some proposed PDMS interfaces, but none of them addresses, in a general way, the needs of a PDMS for user interaction. In this work we propose a visual user query interface for ontology-based PDMS. It provides a simple and straightforward interaction with this type of system. It aims not only providing a natural visual query interface but also supporting a precise and direct manipulation of the data schemas for query generation

Propuesta de un Plan de Mantenimiento Preventivo Planificado para Equipos Médicos Críticos del Hospital Cruz Azul Managua, en el Periodo Comprendido Agosto–Diciembre 2015

El presente trabajo investigativo titulado Plan de Mantenimiento Preventivo Planificado para equipos Médicos Críticos del Hospital Cruz Azul en el periodo comprendido Agosto a Diciembre del año 2015, cuya dedicación es la asistencia de pacientes privados y asegurados, se encuentra ubicado en el distrito 1 de la Capital en el Barrio Larga Espada. Se pretende con esta propuesta de mantenimiento mejorar el buen funcionamiento de los equipos médicos críticos que asegure de forma óptima la vida del paciente. Actualmente el Hospital no cuenta con un plan de mantenimiento preventivo que asegure la mantención correcta de los equipos, por esta razón la necesidad de contribuir con esta propuesta que vienen a disminuir los casos de muerte por falla en los equipos, los riesgos de demanda, mejorando así la integridad, la calidad y la imagen de la empresa Cruz Azul. Para el desarrollo de este trabajo se utilizó el enfoque mixto, cualitativo porque observamos el funcionamiento y el nivel de importancia de los equipos, cuantitativo por que se utilizaron ponderaciones en el desarrollo de sus objetivo, el tipo de tipo de estudio es descriptivo-aplicado con método deductivo dado a que se va a deducir a través de la observación la importancia del funcionamiento y demostrar en qué condiciones opera el equipo, la muestra es no probabilística de carácter intencional a conveniencia. Los resultados obtenidos a lo largo de la investigación se observó que el mantenimiento aplicado es correctivo y con la implementación de este tipo de mantenimiento se están generando más gastos por la compra de equipamiento nuevo. Se categorizaron los equipos médicos críticos del hospital a través del manual de mantenimiento de la OMS donde se encontraron los que posee el hospital, se analizó la operacionalización de los equipos a través del diagrama de Ishikawa, se evaluó el estado técnico del equipos a través de una auditoria, se realizó la propuesta de plan de mantenimiento que ayude a minimizar la tasa de fallo de los equipo

Evaluation of the mycorrhizal condition of ponderosa pine seedlings produced with high fertilization levels and lacking mycorrhizal management

Repetidos reportes de plantadores de la zona cordillerana del Chubut (Argentina) han señalado que las plántulas de Pinus ponderosa,especie ectotrófica obligada, producidas bajo invernáculo con fertirriego y sin aplicación de inoculantes ectomicorrícicos, que presentaban baja o nula infección ectomicorrícica al terminar la etapa de vivero, mostraron excelentes comportamientos en los sitios de plantación durante los primeros años. Por ello, se planteó este estudio con el objetivo de constatar si las plántulas allí producidas desarrollan asociaciones micorrícicas una vez llevadas a plantación, y si éstas se originan a partir de inóculo adquirido en el vivero. Para ello, se realizaron tres evaluaciones de las plántulas: 1) al salir del vivero de producción acelerada, para constatar el estado micorrícico inicial, 2) después de seis meses de crecimiento luego de un trasplante a macetas con sustrato semi-estéril, para constatar si existía inóculo en el sistema que no se expresaba por el fertirriego, y 3) después de 24 meses luego de implantadas en un predio alejado de cualquier fuente de inóculo ectomicorrícico, para constatar el tipo de asociaciones formadas en el sitio de plantación. Los resultados obtenidos permitieron demostrar que: 1) el vivero de producción acelerada produjo plántulas con nuloo muy bajo porcentaje de micorrización y una baja riqueza en morfotipos; 2) las plántulas presentaron muy buenos porcentajes demicorrización al cabo de seis meses (en condiciones de invernáculo de crecimiento) o de dos años (en condiciones de campo), y 3) los diferentes hongos micorrícicos reaccionaron diferencialmente a la aplicación de fertirriego. Se evidenció que el vivero analizado incorpora fortuitamente inóculo micorrícico que coloniza rápidamente a las plántulas inmediatamente después de suspendida la fertirrigación, demostrando que la hipótesis de que las plántulas de P. ponderosa pueden establecerse y crecer en ambientes anectotróficos sin asociaciones EM es falsa..Several reports of tree planters from the Patagonian Andes region of Chubut (Argentina) have pointed out that seedlings of Pinus ponderosa, obligate ectotrophic species, produced in greenhouses with high levels of fertilization without ectomycorrhizal inoculum applications, showed low or null ectomycorrhizal infection at the end of nursery stage but had excellent performance in plantation sites during the first years. This study was planned to evaluate if those seedlings develop mycorrhizal associations once installed in plantations, and if those associations are originated from inoculums acquired in the nursery. Three evaluations were done: 1) analyses of seedlings at the end of nursery period, to evaluate their initial mycorrhizal condition, 2) analyses after 6 month, with seedlings transplanted into pots with semi-sterile substrate, to establish if there exists inoculum in the system that did not express because of the high fertilization levels and, 3) analyses after 24 month, with seedlings planted in a field distant from any source of ectomycorrhizal inoculum, to evaluate the associations developed in the planting site. Results showed that: 1) the studied nursery produced seedlings with null or very low levels of mycorrhization, with low morphotypes’ richness; 2) seedlings showed very high mycorrhizal percentages after 6 months (under greenhouse conditions) and after 24 months (in field conditions); 3) different mycorrhizal fungi behave differently under fertilization. The analyzed nursery fortuitously incorporated mycorrhizal inoculum that rapidly colonized seedlings, immediately after fertilization was interrupted. This fact demonstrates that the hypothesis that ponderosa pine seedlings can establish and grow in anectotrophic environments without EM symbioses is false.Fil: Salgado Salomón, María Eugenia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "San Juan Bosco"; ArgentinaFil: Rajchenberg, Mario. Centro de Investigación y Extensión Forestal Andino Patagónico; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "San Juan Bosco"; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Barroetaveña, Carolina. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "San Juan Bosco"; Argentina. Centro de Investigación y Extensión Forestal Andino Patagónico; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Rescuing the ectomycorrhizal biodiversity associated with South American Nothofagaceae forest, from the 19th century naturalists up to molecular biogeography

The southernmost portion of the Andes in South America hosts Nothofagaceae forests that form ectomycorrhizal (EcM) associations. We compiled all the published reports of EcM taxa from these woodlands, based on fruit-body collections and molecularly identified root tips. This resulted in 87 peer-reviewed research papers dealing with EcM associations from Nothofagaceae forests published over the past 62 years. Based on these papers the EcM richness and its association with Nothofagaceae species was analyzed. Represented by 45 genera (34 Basidiomycetes and 11 Ascomycetes), 479 EcM taxa have been recorded, plus an additional 46 EcM taxa which are potentially EcM. Cortinarius was the most frequent and diverse genus, with 64.9% of total species. Nothofagus dombeyi had the highest number of unique EcM species, followed by N. pumilio, N. antarctica and Lophozonia obliqua. The EcM community associated with Nothofagus species, except N. nitida, showed higher similarities among themselves, than with Lophozonia and Fuscospora species. Beta diversity indexes showed EcM Nothofagus species have 29-42% niche overlap, while Nothofagus-Lophozonia only had 1-16%. The assessment of the accuracy of the EcM diversity, host specificity and community structure deserve further studies combining phylogenetic analysis based on broad ecological surveys. On the basis of pre-selected criteria Austropaxillus statuum, Cortinarius fragilis, Cortinarius xiphidipus and Hallingea purpurea are proposed as candidates for nursery spore inoculations, and should be subject to scientific evaluation to determine costs and benefits.Fil: Barroetaveña, Carolina. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "san Juan Bosco". Facultad de Ingeniería - Sede Esquel. Cátedra de Patología Forestal; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Centro de Investigación y Extensión Forestal Andino Patagónico; ArgentinaFil: Salgado Salomón, María Eugenia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Centro de Investigación y Extensión Forestal Andino Patagónico; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "San Juan Bosco". Facultad de Ingeniería - Sede Esquel. Departamento de Ingeniería Forestal; ArgentinaFil: Bassani, Vilma. No especifíca

Desafíos metodológicos de la investigación cualitativa iberoamericana en salud. En la confluencia de tres vertientes

Después de una atenta reflexión sobre su propia experiencia de investigación, la autora efectuó una amplia revisión de los reportes publicados en los años recientes por diversos investigadores cualitativos. A partir de ahí identificó tres grandes vertientes de las que parecen emerger buena parte de los desafíos que enfrentan quienes se ocupan de la problemática de salud desde estas perspectivas en Iberoamérica. En primer lugar, menciona los que emergen de la existencia misma de esta forma de generación de conocimiento. En segundo término, se refiere a los desafíos epistémico-metodológicos. Y por último, a los desafíos práctico-éticos. En un inicio, la imagen evocada para intentar representar la confluencia de estas tres vertientes fue la de un nudo Borromeo. Pero al final del recorrido, el intrincado entretejido de los componentes identificados la llevó a sugerir, más bien, la imagen de un nudo gordiano. El deseo de la autora con esta comunicación es convocar a quienes forman parte de esta comunidad de investigadores a mantener abierto el diálogo sobre las complejas implicaciones de esta modalidad de indagación.Depois de uma reflexão cuidadosa sobre a sua própria experiência de investigação, a autora realizou uma extensa revisão dos relatórios de vários pesquisadores qualitativos nos últimos anos. Identifica três fontes principais dos desafios enfrentados pelos pesquisadores qualitativos que se concentram em questões de saúde nos países ibero-americanos. Menciona primeiramente os suscitados pela existência desse tipo de geração de conhecimento. Em segundo lugar, refere os desafios epistémico-metodológicas. E, finalmente, considera os desafios prático-éticos. Num momento inicial, a imagem evocada para tentar representar a confluência desses três domínios foi um nó borromeano. Contudo, no final do trajeto, a forma complexa em que estes componentes estão interligados levou-a a sugerir, em vez disso, a imagem de um nó górdio. O desejo da autora com esta comunicação é convidar a comunidade de pesquisadores a continuar com o diálogo sobre as implicações complexas deste tipo de investigação.After a careful reflection on the insights obtained from her own research experience, the author conducted an extensive review of the reports of several qualitative researchers in recent years. She identifies three main sources of the challenges faced by Ibero-American qualitative researchers who focus on health issues. First, she mentions those posed by the very existence of this kind of knowledge generation. Second, she refers to the epistemic-methodological challenges. And finally, she considers the practical-ethical challenges. At first, the image evoked to try to represent the confluence of these three watersheds was a Borromean knot. But at the end of the journey, the intricate way in which these components are interwoven led her to suggest, rather, the image of a Gordian knot. The autor’s desire with this communication is to invite this community of researchers to continue with the dialog about the complex implications of this kind of inquiry

Investigating globular cluster abundance anomalies in different environments

The origin of the star-to-star abundance variations for light elements shown in globular clusters (GCs) is not well understood, which represents a significant problem for stellar astrophysics. While the light element abundance variations are very common in globular clusters, they are comparatively rare in the galactic halo field population. However, relatively little is known regarding the occurrence of the abundance anomalies in other environments such as dwarf spheroidal galaxies and massive star clusters younger than the ancient globular clusters. Consequently, spectra obtained at Gemini-S with the GMOS spectrograph and at the AAT with the 2dF/AAOmega instrument have been used to investigate the anti-correlation and bimodality of CH and CN band strengths through the measurement of CH(lambda ~ 4300), S(3839) and S(4142) indices for 45 red giants stars in the Sculptor dwarf spheroidal galaxy. Using a calibration from five GCs (NGC 1851, NGC 288, NGC 6752, M 55 and M 30) we also have studied the CN/Na correlation in the Sculptor red giant sample. Our results indicate that variations analogous to those seen in GCs are not present in our Sculptor sample. Instead we find a positive correlation between CH and CN, and no correlation between Na and CN. Also, a deficiency of [Na/Fe] in Sculptor relative to GCs has been found that is consistent with previous work for dSph galaxies. The outcome reinforces the apparent need for a high stellar density environment to produce the light element abundance variations. We also report the discovery of a third carbon-enhanced metal-poor star in Sculptor that shows evidence of a strong s-process element enhancement. In addition, spectra obtained with the VLT/FORS and Gemini-S/GMOS instruments have been used to investigate CN and CH band strengths along with carbon and nitrogen abundances in a sample of massive star clusters in the Small Magellanic Cloud. The clusters have metallicity and luminosity comparable to GCs but are younger. The clusters investigated are Lindsay 1, Kron 3 and NGC 339, which have ages between 6 and 7.5 Gyr. Our results for Lindsay 1 and NGC 339 are not as clear-cut as they are for Kron 3, where the large spread in nitrogen (~ 1.2 dex), and a well-established bimodality of CH and CN band strengths with a CN/CH anti-correlation support the presence of multiple populations. Due to the possibility of evolutionary mixing on the red giant branch, the existence of CN-CH anti-correlation is not sufficient in itself to indicate the presence of abundance anomalies. Consequently, we have investigated the Na, CN correlation through the measurement of sodium D-line strengths and Na abundances, finding a spread in sodium of ~ 0.8 dex in Kron 3. For this cluster we therefore confirm a positive correlation between nitrogen and sodium abundances. These results add to existing photometric and spectroscopic indications of abundance anomalies in clusters of intermediate age, confirming that the mechanism responsible for the multiple populations cannot be an early cosmological effect applying only to old GGCs. This outcome is a key factor in gaining understanding on the origin of the abundance anomalies