MÍDIA E IDENTIDADE – O REGIONAL NO JORNAL NACIONAL

O artigo se propõe a discutir como o telejornal mais antigo e de maior audiência do Brasil, o Jornal Nacional, da Rede Globo de Televisão, constrói, por meio de suas notícias, a realidade brasileira e, desta forma, contribui para a construção de identidades sobre as distintas regiões do Brasil. Toma-se, particularmente, o caso das regiões do Rio Grande do Sul para um olhar mais atento. Compreende-se a construção de identidade na mídia como estreitamente relacionada aos processos de visibilidade pública e de construção de sentidos ofertados pelo jornalismo de televisão sobre as regiões e suas populações. No artigo, busca-se estabelecer uma relação entre as implicações de determinada produção de sentidos e o processo de desenvolvimento. Tomam-se as teorias dos estudos culturais e da análise do discurso como base reflexiva para a discussão feita por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica

Citizen Science Data on Urban Forageable Plants:A Case Study in Brazil

This paper presents two key data sets derived from the Pomar Urbano project. The first data set is a comprehensive catalog of edible fruit-bearing plant species, native or introduced in Brazil. The second data set, sourced from the iNaturalist platform, tracks the distribution and monitoring of these plants within urban landscapes across Brazil. The study encompasses data from all 27 Brazilian state capitals, focusing on the ten cities that contributed the most observations as of August 2023. The research emphasizes the significance of citizen science in urban biodiversity monitoring and its potential to contribute to various fields, including food and nutrition, creative industry, study of plant phenology, and machine learning applications. We expect the data sets to serve as a resource for further studies in urban foraging, food security, cultural ecosystem services, and environmental sustainability

Optimizing the Monitoring of Urban Fruit-Bearing Flora with Citizen Science:An Overview of the Pomar Urbano Initiative

The "Pomar Urbano" (Urban Orchard) project focuses on the collaborative monitoring of fruit-bearing plant species in urban areas throughout Brazil.The project collected a list of 411 fruit-bearing plant species (Soares et al. 2023), both native and exotic varieties found in Brazil. This list was selected from two main sources: the book Brazilian Fruits and Cultivated Exotics (Lorenzi et al. 2006) and the book series Plants for the Future, which includes volumes specifically dedicated to species of economic value in different regions of Brazil, namely the South (Coradin et al. 2011), Midwest (Vieira et al. 2016), Northeast (Coradin et al. 2018) and North (Coradin et al. 2022). To ensure broad geographic coverage, the project spans all 27 state capitals of Brazil. The data collection process relies on the iNaturalist Umbrella and Collection projects. Each state capital has a single collection project, including the fruit-bearing plant species list, and the locality restriction to that specific city. For example, the collection project Pomar Paulistano gathers data from the city of São Paulo. The Umbrella Project Urban Orchard was set to track data from all 27 collection projects.We firmly believe that these fruit-bearing plant species possess multifaceted value that extends beyond mere consumption. As such, we have assembled a dynamic and multidisciplinary team comprising professionals from various institutions across Brazil in a collaborative effort that encompasses different dimensions of biodiversity value exploration and monitoring, especially phenological data.One facet of our team is focused on creating products inspired by the diverse array of Brazilian fruit-bearing plants. Their work spans across sectors of the creative industry, including fashion, painting, and graphic design to infuse these natural elements into innovative and sustainable designs (Fig. 1 and Fig. 2).A group of nutrition and health scientists in conjunction with communication and marketing professionals is working to produce engaging media content centered around food recipes that incorporate Brazilian fruits (Fig. 3). These recipes primarily feature the fruit-bearing plants most frequently observed on iNaturalist in the city of São Paulo, allowing us to showcase the local biodiversity while promoting culinary diversity. Some of these recipes are based on the book Brazilian Biodiversity: Flavors and Aromas (Santiago and Coradin 2018). This book is an extensive compendium of food recipes that use fruits derived from native Brazilian species

Leveraging citizen science for monitoring urban forageable plants

Urbanization brings forth social challenges in emerging countries such as Brazil, encompassing food scarcity, health deterioration, air pollution, and biodiversity loss. Despite this, urban areas like the city of São Paulo still boast ample green spaces, offering opportunities for nature appreciation and conservation, enhancing city resilience and livability. Citizen science is a collaborative endeavor between professional scientists and nonprofessional scientists in scientific research that may help to understand the dynamics of urban ecosystems. We believe citizen science has the potential to promote human and nature connection in urban areas and provide useful data on urban biodiversity

Dwellings, jabuticabas, and affections — trajectories with Sylvia Caiuby Novaes

Sylvia Caiuby Novaes é professora do Departamento de Antropologia da Universidade de São Paulo (USP) e dedica-se há cerca de 50 anos à pesquisa e ao ensino em antropologia. Entre outras realizações, ela é uma das pioneiras da antropologia visual no Brasil, é fundadora do Laboratório de Imagem e Som da Antropologia (LISA) e editora responsável pela revista Gesto, Imagem e Som. Revista de Antropologia (GIS). Nesta entrevista, realizada por mais de 30 orientandos de diferentes gerações, Sylvia fala sobre sua trajetória, projetos, visão de mundo, suas diversas viagens, o fascínio pelas pesquisas de campo e a universidade. Ao contar sobre sua trajetória acadêmica e pessoal, Sylvia traz reflexões sobre sua relação com a fotografia e a produção de imagens.  Sylvia Caiuby Novaes is a Professor in the Department of Anthropology at the University of São Paulo (USP) and has been dedicated to research and teaching in anthropology for nearly 50 years. Among other accomplishments, she is one of the pioneers of visual anthropology in Brazil, is the founder of the Laboratory of Image and Sound of Anthropology (LISA) and the editor in charge of the Gesture, Image and Sound.  Journal of Anthropology (GIS). In this interview, conducted by more than 30 advisees from different generations, Sylvia talks about her trajectory, projects, worldview, her various travels, her fascination with field research and the university. When telling about her academic and personal trajectory, Sylvia reflects on her relationship with photography and the production of images

Avanços no Entendimento do Desenvolvimento Infantil em Crianças com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA): Implicações Clínicas e Terapêuticas.

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition that affects social communication and involves repetitive or restrictive behaviors. With its increasing prevalence, the need to understand and effectively intervene in ASD is urgent. This review focuses on recent advancements related to understanding child development in children with ASD and the subsequent clinical and therapeutic implications. Behavioral interventions continue to be the cornerstone of treatment, with intensive and well-structured approaches showing improvements in areas such as communication and social skills. However, play-based therapies have gained prominence, providing natural environments for social development. Simultaneously, the field of pharmacological interventions has evolved, aiming to address specific symptoms and associated comorbidities of ASD. Despite promising individualized approaches, combining multiple interventions proves to be more effective, considering the multifaceted nature of ASD. Future research should continue to focus on evidence-based and individualized treatments, with an emphasis on a deep understanding of the underlying neurobiological mechanisms and long-term assessment of interventions.O Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) é uma condição neurodesenvolvimental que afeta a comunicação social e comportamentos repetitivos ou restritos. Com uma prevalência crescente, a necessidade de entender e intervir de forma eficaz no TEA é urgente. Esta revisão foca nos avanços recentes relacionados ao entendimento do desenvolvimento infantil em crianças com TEA e as subsequentes implicações clínicas e terapêuticas. Intervenções comportamentais continuam a ser a espinha dorsal do tratamento, com abordagens intensivas e bem-estruturadas demonstrando melhorias em áreas como comunicação e habilidades sociais. No entanto, terapias baseadas em jogo têm ganhado destaque, proporcionando ambientes naturais para desenvolvimento social. Paralelamente, o campo das intervenções farmacológicas tem evoluído, visando tratar sintomas específicos e comorbidades associadas ao TEA. Apesar das promissoras abordagens individualizadas, combinar múltiplas intervenções se mostra mais eficaz, considerando a natureza multifacetada do TEA. As pesquisas futuras devem continuar focando em tratamentos individualizados e baseados em evidências, com ênfase em uma compreensão profunda dos mecanismos neurobiológicos subjacentes e avaliação de longo prazo das intervenções

LESÃO DE LIGAMENTO CRUZADO ANTERIOR EM ATLETAS DE FUTEBOL: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA

Introduction: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture is one of the most prevalent and serious injuries in ball sports, especially in soccer, occurring mainly in non-contact situations. In view of the above, there is a need for a study that seeks to better inform about anterior cruciate ligament surgeries in soccer athletes. Therefore, the aim of this study is to present a solid subject, gathering quality and current articles available in the national and international literature. Materials and methods: This is an integrative literature review. After applying all inclusion and exclusion criteria, a final sample of 6 articles was obtained for the integrative review. Results and discussion: It is said that the incidence of ACL lesions is higher in female athletes when compared to males. Regarding residual laxity in the ACL graft, studies have observed that, in the long term, this problem may worsen the prognosis of patients, increasing the chance of surgical revisions. As for the return of athletes to soccer, it was observed that players who return to the sport have a significantly higher risk of suffering a new knee injury. Conclusion: the articles analyzed suggested that surgical treatment was highly resolutive for ACL injuries.Introducción: La rotura del ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA) es una de las lesiones más frecuentes y graves en los deportes de pelota, principalmente en el fútbol, que se produce principalmente en situaciones en las que no hay contacto. En vista de lo anterior, es necesario un estudio que busque informar mejor sobre las cirugías de rotura del ligamento cruzado anterior en los deportistas de fútbol. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este estudio es presentar un tema sólido, reuniendo artículos de calidad y actuales disponibles en la literatura nacional e internacional. Materiales y métodos: Se trata de una revisión bibliográfica integradora. Tras aplicar todos los criterios de inclusión y exclusión, se obtuvo una muestra final de 6 artículos para la revisión integradora. Resultados y discusión: Se dice que la incidencia de las lesiones del LCA es mayor en las mujeres deportistas en comparación con los hombres. En cuanto a la laxitud residual en el injerto del LCA, los estudios han observado que, a largo plazo, este problema puede empeorar el pronóstico de los pacientes, aumentando la posibilidad de revisiones quirúrgicas. En cuanto al regreso de los deportistas al fútbol, se observó que los jugadores que vuelven a practicar este deporte tienen un riesgo significativamente mayor de sufrir una nueva lesión de rodilla. Conclusión: los artículos analizados sugieren que el tratamiento quirúrgico es altamente resolutivo para las lesiones del LCA.Introdução: A ruptura do ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA) é uma das lesões mais prevalentes e graves nos esportes com bola, principalmente no futebol, ocorrendo principalmente em situações em que não há contato. Diante do exposto, há necessidade de um estudo que busque informar melhor sobre as cirurgias de lesão do ligamento cruzado anterior em atletas de futebol. Sendo assim, o objetivo do estudo se dá por expor assunto de forma sólida, reunindo artigos de qualidade e atuais disponíveis na literatura nacional e internacional. Materiais e métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura. Após aplicação de todos os critérios de inclusão e exclusão, obteve-se uma amostra final de 6 artigos para a revisão integrativa. Resultado e discussão: É dito que a incidência de lesões de LCA é maior em atletas do sexo feminino quando comparada ao sexo masculino. Em relação à frouxidão residual no enxerto de LCA, estudos observaram que, à longo prazo, esse problema pode piorar o prognóstico dos pacientes, aumentando a chance de revisões cirúrgicas. Quanto ao retorno dos atletas ao futebol, observou-se que os jogadores que retornam ao esporte têm um risco significativamente maior de sofrer nova lesão no joelho. Conclusão: os artigos analisados sugeriram que o tratamento cirúrgico foi altamente resolutivo no caso de lesões de LCA.Introdução: A ruptura do ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA) é uma das lesões mais prevalentes e graves nos esportes com bola, principalmente no futebol, ocorrendo principalmente em situações em que não há contato. Diante do exposto, há necessidade de um estudo que busque informar melhor sobre as cirurgias de lesão do ligamento cruzado anterior em atletas de futebol. Sendo assim, o objetivo do estudo se dá por expor assunto de forma sólida, reunindo artigos de qualidade e atuais disponíveis na literatura nacional e internacional. Materiais e métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura. Após aplicação de todos os critérios de inclusão e exclusão, obteve-se uma amostra final de 6 artigos para a revisão integrativa. Resultado e discussão: É dito que a incidência de lesões de LCA é maior em atletas do sexo feminino quando comparada ao sexo masculino. Em relação à frouxidão residual no enxerto de LCA, estudos observaram que, à longo prazo, esse problema pode piorar o prognóstico dos pacientes, aumentando a chance de revisões cirúrgicas. Quanto ao retorno dos atletas ao futebol, observou-se que os jogadores que retornam ao esporte têm um risco significativamente maior de sofrer nova lesão no joelho. Conclusão: os artigos analisados sugeriram que o tratamento cirúrgico foi altamente resolutivo no caso de lesões de LCA

Geography and ecology shape the phylogenetic composition of Amazonian tree communities

AimAmazonia hosts more tree species from numerous evolutionary lineages, both young and ancient, than any other biogeographic region. Previous studies have shown that tree lineages colonized multiple edaphic environments and dispersed widely across Amazonia, leading to a hypothesis, which we test, that lineages should not be strongly associated with either geographic regions or edaphic forest types.LocationAmazonia.TaxonAngiosperms (Magnoliids; Monocots; Eudicots).MethodsData for the abundance of 5082 tree species in 1989 plots were combined with a mega-phylogeny. We applied evolutionary ordination to assess how phylogenetic composition varies across Amazonia. We used variation partitioning and Moran's eigenvector maps (MEM) to test and quantify the separate and joint contributions of spatial and environmental variables to explain the phylogenetic composition of plots. We tested the indicator value of lineages for geographic regions and edaphic forest types and mapped associations onto the phylogeny.ResultsIn the terra firme and várzea forest types, the phylogenetic composition varies by geographic region, but the igapó and white-sand forest types retain a unique evolutionary signature regardless of region. Overall, we find that soil chemistry, climate and topography explain 24% of the variation in phylogenetic composition, with 79% of that variation being spatially structured (R2 = 19% overall for combined spatial/environmental effects). The phylogenetic composition also shows substantial spatial patterns not related to the environmental variables we quantified (R2 = 28%). A greater number of lineages were significant indicators of geographic regions than forest types.Main ConclusionNumerous tree lineages, including some ancient ones (>66 Ma), show strong associations with geographic regions and edaphic forest types of Amazonia. This shows that specialization in specific edaphic environments has played a long-standing role in the evolutionary assembly of Amazonian forests. Furthermore, many lineages, even those that have dispersed across Amazonia, dominate within a specific region, likely because of phylogenetically conserved niches for environmental conditions that are prevalent within regions

Geography and ecology shape the phylogenetic composition of Amazonian tree communities

Aim: Amazonia hosts more tree species from numerous evolutionary lineages, both young and ancient, than any other biogeographic region. Previous studies have shown that tree lineages colonized multiple edaphic environments and dispersed widely across Amazonia, leading to a hypothesis, which we test, that lineages should not be strongly associated with either geographic regions or edaphic forest types. Location: Amazonia. Taxon: Angiosperms (Magnoliids; Monocots; Eudicots). Methods: Data for the abundance of 5082 tree species in 1989 plots were combined with a mega-phylogeny. We applied evolutionary ordination to assess how phylogenetic composition varies across Amazonia. We used variation partitioning and Moran\u27s eigenvector maps (MEM) to test and quantify the separate and joint contributions of spatial and environmental variables to explain the phylogenetic composition of plots. We tested the indicator value of lineages for geographic regions and edaphic forest types and mapped associations onto the phylogeny. Results: In the terra firme and várzea forest types, the phylogenetic composition varies by geographic region, but the igapó and white-sand forest types retain a unique evolutionary signature regardless of region. Overall, we find that soil chemistry, climate and topography explain 24% of the variation in phylogenetic composition, with 79% of that variation being spatially structured (R$^{2}$ = 19% overall for combined spatial/environmental effects). The phylogenetic composition also shows substantial spatial patterns not related to the environmental variables we quantified (R$^{2}$ = 28%). A greater number of lineages were significant indicators of geographic regions than forest types. Main Conclusion: Numerous tree lineages, including some ancient ones (>66 Ma), show strong associations with geographic regions and edaphic forest types of Amazonia. This shows that specialization in specific edaphic environments has played a long-standing role in the evolutionary assembly of Amazonian forests. Furthermore, many lineages, even those that have dispersed across Amazonia, dominate within a specific region, likely because of phylogenetically conserved niches for environmental conditions that are prevalent within regions

Mapping density, diversity and species-richness of the Amazon tree flora

Using 2.046 botanically-inventoried tree plots across the largest tropical forest on Earth, we mapped tree species-diversity and tree species-richness at 0.1-degree resolution, and investigated drivers for diversity and richness. Using only location, stratified by forest type, as predictor, our spatial model, to the best of our knowledge, provides the most accurate map of tree diversity in Amazonia to date, explaining approximately 70% of the tree diversity and species-richness. Large soil-forest combinations determine a significant percentage of the variation in tree species-richness and tree alpha-diversity in Amazonian forest-plots. We suggest that the size and fragmentation of these systems drive their large-scale diversity patterns and hence local diversity. A model not using location but cumulative water deficit, tree density, and temperature seasonality explains 47% of the tree species-richness in the terra-firme forest in Amazonia. Over large areas across Amazonia, residuals of this relationship are small and poorly spatially structured, suggesting that much of the residual variation may be local. The Guyana Shield area has consistently negative residuals, showing that this area has lower tree species-richness than expected by our models. We provide extensive plot meta-data, including tree density, tree alpha-diversity and tree species-richness results and gridded maps at 0.1-degree resolution