Afetos e Representações Sociais:: Contribuições de um Diálogo Transdisciplinar

This text is a result of a theoretical research with two goals: to explore common points between the Emotional Development Theory by Winnicott and the Social Representations Theory by Moscovici, and to indicate the role of affection in the construction of social representations. To sustain the dialogue between the two theories, this text approaches perspectives from different authors who have looked into the processes of knowledge, perception and interaction, and who have defended the complexity of the social and cognitive phenomena as well as the need of a transdisciplinary paradigm to investigate them. It is also analyzed, in the conclusion, the presence of fear and solidarity in the results of Sandra Jovchelovitch’s research on social representations and the public sphere in Brazil.Este texto é resultado de uma pesquisa teórica cujos objetivos foram: explorar a afinidade entre a Teoria do Desenvolvimento Emocional, de Winnicott, e a Teoria das Representações Sociais, de Moscovici, e indicar o papel da afetividade na construção de representações sociais. Para dar sustentação ao diálogo das duas teorias, o texto aborda considerações de diferentes autores que se debruçaram sobre os processos de conhecer, perceber e interagir, e que defendem a complexidade dos fenômenos sociais e cognitivos e a necessidade de um paradigma transdisciplinar para investigá-los. Analisa, na conclusão, a presença do medo e da solidariedade nos resultados da pesquisa de Sandra Jovchelovitch sobre as representações sociais e a esfera pública no Brasil

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Citizenship and social policy: social representations of senators during the first government Lula

Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-04T12:36:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar as representações sociais de cidadania de Senadores brasileiros no âmbito do debate sobre política social no Brasil, durante os anos de 2003 a 2006, primeiro governo do presidente Lula. Foi desenvolvido sob as bases da Teoria das Representações Sociais, de Serge Moscovici, utilizando como material de análise discursos emitidos pelos Senadores no plenário do Senado Federal, indexados no Sistema de Informações do Congresso Nacional. A pesquisa buscou contemplar aspectos históricos da proteção social e do sistema político no Brasil a fim de encontrar os nexos entre as concepções de cidadania presentes na cultura política, a agenda de políticas sociais, e o papel dos parlamentares. As noções de cidadania encontradas ao longo da revisão da literatura foram tipificadas em sete nomenclaturas para servirem de base indicativa da estrutura e do processo de formação da representação social presente nos discursos. Elas foram articuladas aos resultados encontrados pelo processamento do material discursivo com o método ALCESTE. Assim, a pesquisa encontrou o campo da representação social de cidadania entre os Senadores, no qual o elemento unificador é a consciência global, usada como referência para o debate sobre os problemas e as políticas sociais no país. Este elemento está fortemente ligado à noção de cidadania global, concepção introduzida sob as influências da globalização e dos discursos de organismos internacionais. Mas, o campo da representação também é formado por elementos novos ancorados em antigas concepções de cidadania e identidade nacional. A solidariedade é um elemento que exerce função significativa na estrutura da representação, ligando Estado, sociedade civil, iniciativa privada e grupos tidos como excluídos ou vulneráveis. Assim, a função do Estado é principalmente de fomentar a parceria entre esses atores, moralizando as condutas dos grupos e incentivando a solidariedade como estratégia de desenvolvimento social. Essa dinâmica atrapalha a visualização dos conflitos sociais presentes na sociedade brasileira, assim como obscurece o debate sobre desigualdade racial e a proposta da Renda Básica de Cidadania. Esta por sua vez aparece como elemento periférico na representação, ligada à centralidade do Programa Bolsa-família. Este programa foi fortemente apoiado e tem características muito próximas à concepção de consciência global, ainda que ancoradas em idéias advindas dos primórdios do sistema de proteção social. Assim, a representação social de cidadania identificada está em franco movimento e aponta para a incerteza e a complexidade da conjuntura recente da proteção social no Brasil. Esta está inserida no dilema básico da cidadania no mundo, hoje: o aumento de demanda por direitos sociais em concorrência com as demandas de liberdade individual e afirmação das diferenças.The objective of this work was to identify the social representations of citizenship of Brazilian senators in the scope of the debate on social policy in Brazil, during the years of 2003 up to 2006, first government of president Lula. It was developed under the bases of the Theory of Social Representations, by Serge Moscovici, using for empirical analysis the speeches emitted by senators in the plenary assembly of the Federal Senate, according to indexation in the System of Information of National Congress. The research claimed to contemplate historical aspects of the social protection system and the political system in Brazil in order to find the nexuses between conceptions of citizenship gifts in the political culture, the agenda of social politics, and the paper of parliamentarians. The ideas of citizenship found throughout the revision of literature had been categorized into seven tipes to serve for indicative basis of the structure and process of formation of the social representation in the speeches. They had been articulated to the results of the data processing throughout the ALCESTE method. Thus, the research found the field of the social representation of citizenship between the senators, in which the unifying element is the global conscience, used as reference for the debate on social problems and politics in the country. This element is linked to the notion of global citizenship, conception introduced under the influences of globalization and the international organizations. But, the representational field is also formed by new elements anchored in old conceptions of citizenship and national identity. Solidarity is an element that exerts significant function in the structure of the representation, conecting the State, civil society, private initiative and excluded or vulnerable groups. Thus, the function of the State is mainly to foment the partnership between these actors and moralization of the groups behaviors, stimulating solidarity as strategy of social development. This dynamics confuses the visualization of social conflicts into Brazilian society, as well as it overshadows the debate on racial inaquality and the proposal of Basic Income of Citizenship. This proposal appears as peripheral element in the representation, linked to the Bolsa-família Program (program of income transference). This program was very supported by the subjects and has characteristics very next to the conception of global conscience, despite anchored in old ideas by the origins of our system of social protection. Thus, the social representation of citizenship identified is in frank movement and points to the uncertainty and complexity of the recent conjuncture of social protection in Brazil. This is inserted in the basic dilema of the citizenship in the world, today: the increase of demand for social rights in competition with the demands of individual freedom and affirmation of differences

Reflexões sobre a prática do psicólogo nos serviços de saúde pública

The aim of this article is to stand out the possibility and necessity of the psychological clinic be confronted and renewed by a critical analysis. The arguments used are based on the impasses found by the authors on their daily work at two different public health units. In this text, the reader will find a reference of theories about subjectivity, the contributions of other authors on the psychologist's practice at the public heath sector and a critical description of their experiences at public health institutions in Rio de Janeiro/Brazil. A not contextualized and an-historical clinical practice is criticized. The importance of developing a socially and politically contextualized work is emphasized, using as basis the contributions brought by the complexity paradigm and the Constructionist Movement

Reflexões sobre a prática do psicólogo nos serviços de saúde pública

The aim of this article is to stand out the possibility and necessity of the psychological clinic be confronted and renewed by a critical analysis. The arguments used are based on the impasses found by the authors on their daily work at two different public health units. In this text, the reader will find a reference of theories about subjectivity, the contributions of other authors on the psychologist's practice at the public heath sector and a critical description of their experiences at public health institutions in Rio de Janeiro/Brazil. A not contextualized and an-historical clinical practice is criticized. The importance of developing a socially and politically contextualized work is emphasized, using as basis the contributions brought by the complexity paradigm and the Constructionist Movemen

Afetos e representações sociais: contribuições de um diálogo transdisciplinar

Este texto é resultado de uma pesquisa teórica cujos objetivos foram: explorar a afinidade entre a Teoria do Desenvolvimento Emocional, de Winnicott, e a Teoria das Representações Sociais, de Moscovici, e indicar o papel da afetividade na construção de representações sociais. Para dar sustentação ao diálogo das duas teorias, o texto aborda considerações de diferentes autores que se debruçaram sobre os processos de conhecer, perceber e interagir, e que defendem a complexidade dos fenômenos sociais e cognitivos e a necessidade de um paradigma transdisciplinar para investigá-los. Analisa, na conclusão, a presença do medo e da solidariedade nos resultados da pesquisa de Sandra Jovchelovitch sobre as representações sociais e a esfera pública no Brasil