Evaluating of oral and salivary conditions of two specific groups of workers

Introduction and Objective: Tooth decay is one of the most common chronic oral diseases found in industrial countries and is a multifactorial disease which has sugar as a key dietary factor. The amount of saliva concentration and presence of cariogenic bacteria will favor the development of caries. Because of this, the aim of this study was to collect and analyze data on oral alterations referred to tooth decay, oral pH changes, and changes of the oral microbiota in two distinct groups of workers. Material and methods: 30 individuals belonging to two different groups of workers: group A (GA) – workers who maintain daily contact with the confectionery; group B (GB) – workers who do not have such contact. Saliva collection was done by analysis of the salivary pH in both groups, as well as cultivation of Lactobacillus spp and S. mutans. We also evaluate the dental status of individuals belonging to the two groups through the DMFT index. Results: After the examinations of 30 workers (17 from the GA [9 men and 8 women] and 13 in the GB [7 men and 6 women]), the mean DMFT of the individuals in the group A and group B, was 7.41 (SD 5.14) 7.08 (SD 5.56), respectively, without statistically significant differences (p < 0.05). The count of S. mutans and Lactobacillus spp, was not statistically significant. Conclusion: There was no statistically significant relationship between presence of dental caries and the fact that workers are in contact with sugar because they work on candy food industry, but new studies are needed for more precise research

Epidemiological survey in oral health of the residents of the Teixeira Island, Paraná, Brazil

Introduction: The epidemiological surveys aim to evaluate the distribution and state determinants or events in health in given populations. Objective: To conduct an epidemiological survey on the socioeconomic condition, use of dental services, referred oral morbidity, self-perception, and oral health of inhabitants of the Teixeira Island, Paraná, Brazil. Material and methods: The studyfollowed the statements of the World Health Organization and the Brazilian National Epidemiological Survey (SB Brazil 2010). Questionnaires were applied, and in the clinical examination the following data were collected: dental trauma, edentulism, fluorosis, caries in deciduous teeth (dmft), caries in permanent teeth (DMFT), Community Periodontal Index (CPI) and Loss of Periodontal Insertion Index (LPII). The data were analyzed with Statistical Package for Social Sciences software, version 21.0, and expresses in frequency tables. Results: Of the 108 inhabitants, 90 participated in the study. The socioeconomics conditions unfavorable were: low income and low schooling. The water supplying was not fluoridated. The perception of oral problems was reported by 82.2%; 48.9% declared to have had toothache in last the six months; the reason of search for care was predominantly for curative treatments. Almost 30% of the participants declared to be unsatisfied with their oral health. The  values of DMFT and dmtf indexes were 13.9 and 1.2, respectively. The greater demand for maxillary prosthesis occurred in 39.7% of the sample, while 34.2% needed mandibular prosthesis. Conclusion: The oral diseases illnesses and need of treatment were evidenced in the sample, as well as risk factors that deserve attention of the public power.Introduction: The epidemiological surveys aim to evaluate the distribution and state determinants or events in health in given populations. Objective: To conduct an epidemiological survey on the socioeconomic condition, use of dental services, referred oral morbidity, self-perception, and oral health of inhabitants of the Teixeira Island, Paraná, Brazil. Material and methods: The studyfollowed the statements of the World Health Organization and the Brazilian National Epidemiological Survey (SB Brazil 2010). Questionnaires were applied, and in the clinical examination the following data were collected: dental trauma, edentulism, fluorosis, caries in deciduous teeth (dmft), caries in permanent teeth (DMFT), Community Periodontal Index (CPI) and Loss of Periodontal Insertion Index (LPII). The data were analyzed with Statistical Package for Social Sciences software, version 21.0, and expresses in frequency tables. Results: Of the 108 inhabitants, 90 participated in the study. The socioeconomics conditions unfavorable were: low income and low schooling. The water supplying was not fluoridated. The perception of oral problems was reported by 82.2%; 48.9% declared to have had toothache in last the six months; the reason of search for care was predominantly for curative treatments. Almost 30% of the participants declared to be unsatisfied with their oral health. The  values of DMFT and dmtf indexes were 13.9 and 1.2, respectively. The greater demand for maxillary prosthesis occurred in 39.7% of the sample, while 34.2% needed mandibular prosthesis. Conclusion: The oral diseases illnesses and need of treatment were evidenced in the sample, as well as risk factors that deserve attention of the public power

Knowledge of dentists on child abuse in two Brazilian southern cities Cintia

Introduction: The child abuse against children and teenagers is relevant and the dentist has a fundamental role in the process of identification of suspected cases. Objective: To evaluate the level of knowledge of the dentists about child/teenager abuse and the attitude towards identified cases, in the cities of Rio Negro (Paraná, Brazil) and Mafra (Santa Catarina, Brazil). Material and methods: Questionnaires were applied to 44 professionals of these cities, whopracticed in private and/or public health service. The questions covered the profile of respondents regarding gender, institution (public or private), level of education, practicing time and place. The information on abuse comprised the level of information about violence and knowledge on the compulsory notification of suspected cases. Results: Regarding the cases of abuse, 34% of the sampledealt with this situation. Almost half of respondents (47.7%) reported being able to recognize the typical lesions of child abuse, yet only 32% felt trained to do so. Only 22.7% reported having training to detect suspected cases. And 91% said they would notice the Guardian Council. About 48% confirmed they had knowledge of the legal implications in case of omission. Conclusion: Most of the dentists had insufficient knowledge about child abuse. However, the dentistsknow how to deal with such a situation. Continuing education seems to be an appropriate strategy to promote professional knowledge on the subject. It is also suggested the implementation of a national protocol to facilitate notifications and the classification of abuse types.Introduction: The child abuse against children and teenagers is relevant and the dentist has a fundamental role in the process of identification of suspected cases. Objective: To evaluate the level of knowledge of the dentists about child/teenager abuse and the attitude towards identified cases, in the cities of Rio Negro (Paraná, Brazil) and Mafra (Santa Catarina, Brazil). Material and methods: Questionnaires were applied to 44 professionals of these cities, whopracticed in private and/or public health service. The questions covered the profile of respondents regarding gender, institution (public or private), level of education, practicing time and place. The information on abuse comprised the level of information about violence and knowledge on the compulsory notification of suspected cases. Results: Regarding the cases of abuse, 34% of the sampledealt with this situation. Almost half of respondents (47.7%) reported being able to recognize the typical lesions of child abuse, yet only 32% felt trained to do so. Only 22.7% reported having training to detect suspected cases. And 91% said they would notice the Guardian Council. About 48% confirmed they had knowledge of the legal implications in case of omission. Conclusion: Most of the dentists had insufficient knowledge about child abuse. However, the dentistsknow how to deal with such a situation. Continuing education seems to be an appropriate strategy to promote professional knowledge on the subject. It is also suggested the implementation of a national protocol to facilitate notifications and the classification of abuse types

Cognitive level, quality of life and oral health of a Prader-Willi Syndrome patient - case report with long-term follow-up / Nível cognitivo, qualidade de vida e saúde bucal de um paciente com síndrome de Prader-Willi - Relato de caso com acompanhamento de longo prazo

Introduction: Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare, neurobehavioral genetic disorder that alters the child's development. Concerning oral health, PWS patients present dental aspects that are not completely understood. Objectives: The aim of this case report was to describe long-term follow-up of a patient with PWS, regarding to cognitive level, overall self-perceived quality of life and oral health, sleep quality, anxiety trait, and oral condition. Methods: The information about his cognitive ability and socio-behavioral behavior was collected applying the questionnaires: Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), simplified World Health Organization Abbreviated Quality of Life survey (WHOQOL-bref), Sleep Assessment Questionnaire (SAQ), State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-T) Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14). The clinical examination was performed according to the WHO methods for oral health surveys. Index of Decayed, Missing or Filled teeth (DMFT) and other changes in mineralized tissues, such as dental fluorosis or erosion, incisor molar hypomineralization, enamel hypoplasia, bruxism, dental trauma and positioning of teeth in dental arches were also recorded. In the periodontal analysis, the visible plaque index, bleeding on probing and final diagnosis of gingivitis were performed. Data about dental occlusion and temporomandibular disorders were also noted. After data collection and clinical examination, a saliva sample was collected to assess salivary flow rate, pH and buffering capacity. Results: The analysis of the questionnaires revealed an individual satisfied with his quality of life, but very anxious. Clinical examination point to gingival inflammation located in the region of anterior teeth, maxillary and mandibular anterior tooth crowding and malocclusion. Salivary parameters were normal. Conclusion: This case report suggests that the PWS patient perceives that his quality of life is good despite his anxiety episodes. Regarding oral health, gingival inflammation and malocclusion are the main problems.

Translation and Cultural Adaptation of the Modified Child Dental Anxiety Scale - Faces (MCDASf) into Brazilian Portuguese

Objective:&nbsp;To translate and culturally adapt the Modified Child Dental Anxiety Scale - Faces (MCDASf) into Brazilian Portuguese.&nbsp;Material and Methods:&nbsp;The MCDASf consists of eight questions about anxiety toward dental procedures that are answered on a five-point Likert scale ranging from “not worried” (1 point) to “very worried” (5 points). The answers correspond to a scale of face drawings ranging from extremely negative to extremely positive. The process consisted of initial translation, back-translation, expert committee review, and pretesting.&nbsp;Results:&nbsp;The first revised version was applied to 32 children aged 5 to 12 years, 16 from the city of Governador Valadares, Brazil (southeastern region) and 16 from the city of Pelotas, Brazil (southern region). In the first pretest, Item 5 was misunderstood by 6.25% of children in the southern region; Item 6 by 6.25% in both regions; Items 7 and 8 by 87.5% and 100% of those from the southeastern region, respectively, and by 12.5% and 25% of those from the southern region, respectively. Items 7 and 8 were modified by the expert committee, and the second revised version was applied to 32 children, 16 from each region. The only misunderstood items were 4 and 5, both by a 7-year-old boy in Governador Valadares.&nbsp;Conclusion:&nbsp;The Brazilian Portuguese version of the MCDASf was well understood by the sample of children.&nbsp

Avaliação in vitro do efeito protetor no esmalte bovino da pasta de vagem e do gel de folha de yacon frente a um alto desafio erosivo

Orientadora: Profa. Dra. Maria Lúcia MassonDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia. Defesa: Curitiba, 21/03/2012Bibliografia: fls. 56-62Área de concentração: Saúde bucal durante a infância e adolescênciaResumoResumo: Avaliar o efeito de proteção contra erosão do esmalte dentário bovino de duas novas fontes: pasta de feijão de vagem e gel de folha de yacon. Esta pesquisa, in vitro, foi composta por 36 blocos de esmalte bovino, sendo divididos em dois grupos experimentais (pasta e gel) e um controle (água destilada). Os espécimes foram inicialmente submetidos ao tratamento com gel, pasta e água, 4 vezes ao dia por 15 minutos a cada 1 hora, no total de 05 dias. Posteriormente, foram imersos em um alto desafio erosivo (ácido cítrico, pH 2,6) por 30 minutos, 1 vez ao dia. Para análise quantitativa dos dados foram feitas leituras iniciais e finais de microdureza Knoop, variação de cálcio perdido na solução através de ponteciometria e para análise ilustrativa foi realizado MEV. Os resultados finais foram submetidos a análises estatísticas pelos testes de Wilcoxon (p< 0,05) para microdureza e para variação de cálcio utilizou-se os testes de Kruskal-Wallis e Mann-Whitney, com nível de significância de 5% (p ? 0,05). A média de microdureza final em todos os grupos foi baixa, indicando perda de dureza e possível erosão na superfície. Em relação ao cálcio perdido (mg/l), os grupos controle e gel tiveram maior perda, principalmente logo no 1º dia (0,37 e 0,31, respectivamente). O grupo pasta apresentou possível resistência contra o desafio erosivo, do 1º ao 3º dia os valores mantiveram-se próximos (0,19, 0,17 e 0,18), aumentando no 4º e 5º dia (0,2 e 0,26). Houve significância estatística na média de cálcio perdido por dia entre os grupos (p <0,05). Nas micrografias de todos os blocos tratados é possível ver o esmalte erodido após o 5º dia. Baseado nesses resultados, apesar da pasta de vagem apresentar melhor resultado em relação à variação de Ca++, nenhum dos grupos foi suficientemente capaz de proteger o esmalte dentário da ação erosiva.Abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of erosion protection in dental enamel of two new sources: pod bean paste and gel of yacon leaf. This research, in vitro, was composed for 36 blocks of bovine enamel, being divided into two experimental groups (paste and gel) and a control (distilled water). The specimens were initially submitted to treatment with gel, paste and water, 4 times a day for 15 minutes every 1 hour. Later, they were immersed in a high erosive challenge (acid citric, pH 2.6) for 30 minutes, once a day. For quantitative data analysis were made initial and ends reading of microhardness Knoop and variation of lost calcium in the solution through potentiometer and illustrative analysis was carried out SEM. The final results were submitted to statistical analysis by the tests of Wilcoxon ( p<0,05) for microhardness and for variation of lost calcium was utilized the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney test, with significance level of 5% (p?0,05).The averages of final microhardness in all groups were low, indicating loss of hardness and possible erosion in the surface. In relation to calcium loss (mg/l), the gel and control group had greater loss, especially at the very first day (0,37 and 0,31, respectively). The group paste presented possible resistance against the erosive challenge, first to third day values remained close (0,19, 0,17 and 0,18), increasing in the fourth and fifth day (0,2 and 0,26). There were significant differences in the average of lost calcium daily between the groups (p<0,05). In the micrographs of all the blocks is possible see the enamel eroded after the fifth day. Based on the results, although the pod bean paste present better results in relation to the variation of lost calcium, no groups was able to sufficiently protect the dental enamel of the erosive action

Prevalence of diagnosed temporomandibular disorders: A cross-sectional study in Brazilian adolescents

<div><p>Background</p><p>The prevalence of signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) increases during adolescence and adulthood. Few studies have examined TMD prevalence in Brazilian adolescents.</p><p>Aim</p><p>To investigate the prevalence of TMD in Brazilian adolescents.</p><p>Methods</p><p>A representative population-based sample of 934 adolescents (10–14-years-old) was examined. TMD screening was performed using a questionnaire by the American Academy of Orofacial Pain. TMD diagnoses used research diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders (RDC/TMD—Axis-I). Examinations were performed by a single calibrated examiner (kappa > 0.80).</p><p>Results</p><p>The prevalence of TMD symptoms was 34.9%; the most frequently reported symptoms were headache and neck ache (20.9%), followed by joint sounds (18.5%). Myofascial pain was the most prevalent type (10.3%), followed by disc displacement with reduction (8.0%) and arthralgia (3.5%). There was a significant association between sex and TMD symptoms; prevalence was significantly higher in girls (RP = 1.37; 95% CI = 1.14–1.65; p = 0.001). Myofascial pain of TMD and displacement with reduction were more prevalent in girls (RP = 1.76; p = 0.007 and RP = 2.06; p = 0.004, respectively).</p><p>Conclusion</p><p>TMD symptoms were present in 34.9% of adolescents, with myofascial pain being the most prevalent type (10.3%). TMD was significantly more common in girls. Routine pediatric dental care should include a TMD screening.</p></div

Relationship between prevalence of TMD symptoms and age, sex, menarche, and school (Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil, 2016).

<p>Relationship between prevalence of TMD symptoms and age, sex, menarche, and school (Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil, 2016).</p

Demographic characteristics of the study population (Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil, 2016).

<p>Demographic characteristics of the study population (Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil, 2016).</p

Relationship between prevalence of myofascial pain and age, sex, menarche, and school (Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil, 2016).

<p>Relationship between prevalence of myofascial pain and age, sex, menarche, and school (Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil, 2016).</p