People With Cancer Experience Worse Psychosocial and Financial Consequences of COVID-19 Compared With Other Chronic Disease Populations: Findings From the International COVID-19 Awareness and Response Evaluation Survey Study

Purpose The COVID-19 pandemic is likely to have profound psychosocial impacts across the globe. In this analysis of the International COVID-19 Awareness and Response Evaluation (iCARE) survey study, we comparatively investigated the psychosocial effects of COVID-19 on individuals with cancer and people with other chronic illness. Methods iCARE study respondents were divided into two groups on the basis of self-reported health status: (1) active/current cancer (with or without any other chronic condition: heart disease, lung disease, hypertension, diabetes, severe obesity, immunity disease, and depressive or anxiety disorder); and (2) other chronic condition, but not cancer. Linear regressions were conducted to evaluate the associations between health status and outcomes. Results Worldwide, 18,154 iCARE study respondents (mean age, 50.8 years) from 175 countries were included in the analysis. Among them, 3.8% (n = 677) identified as having active/current cancer and 96.2% (n = 17,477) identified as having other chronic condition. Multivariate analyses showed significant associations between having cancer and declined mental (β = .364; P < .0001) and physical (β = .317; P < .0001) health since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, relative to those with other chronic illness. Moreover, individuals with cancer demonstrated a higher likelihood of reporting maladaptive coping mechanisms such as increased alcohol use (β = .457; P < .0001) and financial hardships such as not paying rent/mortgage (β = .476; P < .0001), compared with people with other chronic illness. Conclusion Individuals with cancer worldwide tended to have worse psychosocial and financial challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic, compared with other chronic disease populations. Clinicians need to be aware of the importance of attending to the specific mental health needs of individuals with cancer during and after COVID-19–related restrictions

Novel Phases and Finite-Size Scaling in Two-Species Asymmetric Diffusive Processes

We study a stochastic lattice gas of particles undergoing asymmetric diffusion in two dimensions. Transitions between a low-density uniform phase and high-density non-uniform phases characterized by localized or extended structure are found. We develop a mean-field theory which relates coarse-grained parameters to microscopic ones. Detailed predictions for finite-size ($L$) scaling and density profiles agree excellently with simulations. Unusual large-$L$ behavior of the transition point parallel to that of self-organized sandpile models is found.Comment: 7 pages, plus 6 figures uuencoded, compressed and appended after source code, LATeX, to be published as a Phys. Rev. Let

Evaluation of impact tests of solid steel billet onto concrete pads, and application to generic ISFSI storage cask for tipover and side drop

Twelve tests were performed at LLNL to assess loading conditions on a spent fuel casts for side drops, end drops and tipover events. The tests were performed with a 1/3-scale model concrete pad to benchmark the structural analysis code DYNA3D. The side drop and tipover test results are discussed in this report. The billet and test pad were modified with DYNA3D using material properties and techniques used in earlier tests. The peak or maximum deceleration test results were compared to the simulated analytical results. It was concluded that an analytical model based on DYNA3D code and has been adequately benchmarked for this type of application. A generic or represented cask was modified with the DYNA3D code and evaluated for ISFSI side drop and tipover events. The analytical method can be applied to similar casks to estimate impact loads on storage casks resulting from low-velocity side or tip impacts onto concrete storage pads

Modern theories of low-energy astrophysical reactions

We summarize recent ab initio studies of low-energy electroweak reactions of astrophysical interest, relevant for both big bang nucleosynthesis and solar neutrino production. The calculational methods include direct integration for np radiative and pp weak capture, correlated hyperspherical harmonics for reactions of A=3,4 nuclei, and variational Monte Carlo for A=6,7 nuclei. Realistic nucleon-nucleon and three-nucleon interactions and consistent current operators are used as input.Comment: 29 pages, 4 figure

Threshold Electrodisintegration of ^3He

Cross sections were measured for the near-threshold electrodisintegration of ^3He at momentum transfer values of q=2.4, 4.4, and 4.7 fm^{-1}. From these and prior measurements the transverse and longitudinal response functions R_T and R_L were deduced. Comparisons are made against previously published and new non-relativistic A=3 calculations using the best available NN potentials. In general, for q<2 fm^{-1} these calculations accurately predict the threshold electrodisintegration of ^3He. Agreement at increasing q demands consideration of two-body terms, but discrepancies still appear at the highest momentum transfers probed, perhaps due to the neglect of relativistic dynamics, or to the underestimation of high-momentum wave-function components.Comment: 9 pages, 7 figures, 1 table, REVTEX4, submitted to Physical Review

Resonances in the three-neutron system

A study of 3-body resonances has been performed in the framework of configuration space Faddeev equations. The importance of keeping a sufficient number of terms in the asymptotic expansion of the resonance wave function is pointed out. We investigated three neutrons interacting in selected force components taken from realistic nn forces.Comment: 38 pages, 11 tables, 4 figure