Longitudinal data assessment of global stability index in kale leaves

Kale plants are usually sold “in natura” in street markets and malls. Kale leaves can have their appearance compromised by dehydration and discoloration due to increased post-harvest time exposure. We aimed to analyze the Global Stability Index (GSI) in kale accessions by means of repeated measurement analysis and curve grouping as a complementary form of superior sample identification with regard to post-harvest preservation. Thirty kale accessions were evaluated using a randomized block design with four blocks and five plants per plot. Two commercial leaves per plant were collected, and kept on workbenches in the shade at a temperature of 18 ± 1 °C. Subsequently, the degrees of discoloration and dehydration, total chlorophyll content, and accumulated fresh mass loss were evaluated over a 15-day period. From these data, the GSI was calculated for each day of evaluation. In addition, using mixed models, thirteen co-variance structures were tested. For graphical analysis, thirteen linear and non-linear models were assessed followed by curve grouping using multivariate analysis. The GSI was efficient for differentiating accessions, which became an important tool in post-harvest studies. GSI values were not equally correlated, therefore the use of mixed models became an important approach. The unstructured matrix was the best fit to model the dependence of error. The Melow I model was the best fit for studying the GSI. The accessions UFVJM-10, UFLA-1, COM-1, UFVJM-32, COM-3, UFVJM-8, UFVJM-36 and UFVJM-24, belonging to 3 and 5 clusters, are recommended for crop cultivation and as parental material in breeding programs

Agronomic performance and genetic variability in kale genotypes

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho agronômico de acessos de couve e estimar os parâmetros genéticos e a correlação entre características de interesse para o melhoramento. O experimento foi realizado em delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com 30 genótipos de couve, entre os quais, três cultivares comerciais, de diferentes empresas. Foram utilizadas quatro repetições, com cinco indivíduos por parcela. Verificou-se variabilidade genética entre os genótipos, com predominância dos efeitos genéticos sobre os ambientais, o que indica a possibilidade de se obterem ganhos genéticos representativos com o melhoramento. As características importantes para o melhoramento da espécie foram: comprimento e largura de folha, diâmetro de pecíolo, área foliar, altura de planta, número de brotações e massa de folhas secas. Os genótipos comerciais apresentaram menor área foliar, massa de matéria seca de folhas, altura de planta, comprimento e largura de folha, comprimento de pecíolo, e número de brotações e de folhas comerciais.The objective of this work was to evaluate the agronomic performance of kale genotypes and to estimate the genetic parameters and the correlation between traits of interest for breeding. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design, with 30 kale genotypes, with three commercial cultivars, from three different companies. It was used four replicates, with five individuals per plot. Variability was significant among genotypes, with predominance of genetic effects over environmental ones, indicating the possibility of obtaining expressive genetic gains in breeding. The most important traits for breeding purposes were: leaf length and width, stem diameter, leaf area, plant height, number of shoots, and leaf dry weight. Commercial genotypes showed smaller leaf area, dry leaf mass, plant height, leaf length and width, petiole length, and number of sprouts and commercial leaves

Parâmetros genéticos e análise de trilha para o florescimento precoce e características agronômicas da alface

The objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic parameters of agronomic traits and of tolerance to early flowering of eleven cultivars of lettuce, as well as to verify the existence of an association between the characteristics. The experiment was carried out in a protected environment, in a randomized complete block design, with four replicates, and twelve plants per plot. Forty‑five days after seedling transplanting, the following traits were measured: total shoot fresh mass, marketable shoot fresh mass, marketable dry shoot weight, fresh and dry weight of roots, diameter and circumference of head, plant height, number of leaves per plant, and number of days until anthesis. There was genetic variability between cultivars for all variables, except for circumference of plant and fresh weight of root. The cultivars Regina 500, Lívia and Atração were superior for number of days to flowering and also for the other characteristics. The selection against early flowering caused gain of all the characteristics, but did not affect root dry matter. Fresh matter of shoots and head diameter are indicated for indirect selection against early flowering.O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os parâmetros genéticos das características agronômicas e de tolerância ao florescimento precoce de onze cultivares de alface, bem como verificar a existência de associação entre as características. O experimento foi realizado em ambiente protegido, em delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições e doze plantas por parcela. Quarenta e cinco dias após o transplantio das mudas, foram mensuradas as seguintes características: massa de matéria fresca total e “comercial” da parte aérea, massa de matéria seca “comercial” da parte aérea, massa de matéria fresca e seca da raiz, diâmetro e circunferência da cabeça, altura de planta, número de folhas por planta e número de dias até a antese. Há variabilidade genética entre as cultivares, em todas as variáveis, exceto quanto à circunferência de planta e matéria fresca da raiz. As cultivares Regina 500, Lívia e Atração foram superiores quanto ao número de dias para o florescimento e também para as demais características avaliadas. A seleção contra o florescimento precoce ocasionou ganho em todas as características; porém, não interferiu na matéria seca da raiz. A matéria fresca da parte aérea e o diâmetro de cabeça são indicadas para a seleção indireta contra o florescimento precoce

Longitudinal data assessment of global stability index in kale leaves

ABSTRACT Kale plants are usually sold “in natura” in street markets and malls. Kale leaves can have their appearance compromised by dehydration and discoloration due to increased post-harvest time exposure. We aimed to analyze the Global Stability Index (GSI) in kale accessions by means of repeated measurement analysis and curve grouping as a complementary form of superior sample identification with regard to post-harvest preservation. Thirty kale accessions were evaluated using a randomized block design with four blocks and five plants per plot. Two commercial leaves per plant were collected, and kept on workbenches in the shade at a temperature of 18 ± 1 °C. Subsequently, the degrees of discoloration and dehydration, total chlorophyll content, and accumulated fresh mass loss were evaluated over a 15-day period. From these data, the GSI was calculated for each day of evaluation. In addition, using mixed models, thirteen co-variance structures were tested. For graphical analysis, thirteen linear and non-linear models were assessed followed by curve grouping using multivariate analysis. The GSI was efficient for differentiating accessions, which became an important tool in post-harvest studies. GSI values were not equally correlated, therefore the use of mixed models became an important approach. The unstructured matrix was the best fit to model the dependence of error. The Melow I model was the best fit for studying the GSI. The accessions UFVJM-10, UFLA-1, COM-1, UFVJM-32, COM-3, UFVJM-8, UFVJM-36 and UFVJM-24, belonging to 3 and 5 clusters, are recommended for crop cultivation and as parental material in breeding programs

Parâmetros genéticos e análise de trilha para o florescimento precoce e características agronômicas da alface

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os parâmetros genéticos das características agronômicas e de tolerância ao florescimento precoce de onze cultivares de alface, bem como verificar a existência de associação entre as características. O experimento foi realizado em ambiente protegido, em delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições e doze plantas por parcela. Quarenta e cinco dias após o transplantio das mudas, foram mensuradas as seguintes características: massa de matéria fresca total e "comercial" da parte aérea, massa de matéria seca "comercial" da parte aérea, massa de matéria fresca e seca da raiz, diâmetro e circunferência da cabeça, altura de planta, número de folhas por planta e número de dias até a antese. Há variabilidade genética entre as cultivares, em todas as variáveis, exceto quanto à circunferência de planta e matéria fresca da raiz. As cultivares Regina 500, Lívia e Atração foram superiores quanto ao número de dias para o florescimento e também para as demais características avaliadas. A seleção contra o florescimento precoce ocasionou ganho em todas as características; porém, não interferiu na matéria seca da raiz. A matéria fresca da parte aérea e o diâmetro de cabeça são indicadas para a seleção indireta contra o florescimento precoce

Silage of branches and roots of sweet potato.

Objetivou-se selecionar gen?tipos de batata-doce mais produtivos e de melhor qualidade nutricional e avaliar a qualidade da silagem de ramas e de ra?zes de batata-doce. Foram realizados dois ensaios. Com o primeiro ensaio objetivou-se selecionar gen?tipos de batata-doce de melhores caracter?sticas de produ??o de ramas e avaliar a composi??o bromatol?gica das ramas emurchecidas de batata-doce e de suas silagens. O experimento foi conduzido na Fazenda Rio Manso, da UFVJM, em Couto Magalh?es de Minas - MG. Foi utilizado o delineamento em blocos ao acaso, com quinze gen?tipos de batata-doce: BD-31TO, BD-26, BD-13, BD-17, BD-22, BD-24, BD-54, BD-56, BD-69, BD-43, BD-44, BD-46, BD-52, BD-35 e a cultivar comercial Brazl?ndia Rosada, com tr?s repeti??es. Apenas para o n?mero de folhas por metro linear n?o foram observadas diferen?as significativas entre os gen?tipos. A maioria dos gen?tipos estudados apresenta m?dia a alta produtividade de massa verde (PMV) e de massa seca das ramas (PMS). Devido ? exist?ncia de correla??o entre o comprimento da haste principal (CH) e a PMS, pode-se em futuros trabalhos mensurar o comprimento da haste visando maiores PMS. N?o foram observadas diferen?as significativas entre os gen?tipos para os teores de carboidratos sol?veis das ramas emurchecidas e silagens das ramas. Foram encontradas diferen?as significativas para os teores de mat?ria seca (MS), cinzas, prote?na bruta (PB), fibra em detergente neutro (FDN), fibra em detergente ?cido (FDA) e lignina. Para as ramas emurchecidas, os gen?tipos BD-26, BD-13, BD-56, BD-46, BD-35 e Brazl?ndia Rosada apresentaram as composi??es bromatol?gicas mais adequadas. O n?mero de folhas na cultura da batata-doce n?o possui rela??o com a qualidade bromatol?gica de suas ramas. Para as silagens das ramas, o gen?tipo BD-56 proporcionou as melhores caracter?sticas bromatol?gicas. Com o segundo ensaio objetivou-se avaliar caracter?sticas de produtividade de ra?zes, a composi??o bromatol?gica das silagens de ra?zes e o potencial de produ??o de prote?na bruta de diferentes gen?tipos batata-doce. Foi utilizado o delineamento em blocos ao acaso, com dez tratamentos e duas repeti??es, sendo os gen?tipos de batata-doce oriundos do banco de germoplasma da UFVJM (BD-31TO, BD-17, BD-22, BD-24, BD-54, BD-69, BD-43, BD-46, BD-52 e BD-35). As parcelas foram compostas por duas leiras de 3,0 m, com 0,90 m entre leiras e 0,30 m entre plantas. Na colheita foram avaliadas as caracter?sticas de produtividade total de ra?zes (PTR) e produtividade comercial de ra?zes (PCR), n?o sendo observadas diferen?as significativas entre os gen?tipos para essas caracter?sticas. As PTR e PCR foram baixas, abaixo da m?dia nacional. Para os teores m?dios de MS, nitrog?nio amoniacal (%N-NH3 NT-1), FDN e lignina houve diferen?as significativas entre os gen?tipos avaliados. Os gen?tipos BD-17, BD-69 e BD-46 originaram silagens de raiz de melhores composi??es bromatol?gicas. A cultura da batata-doce possui alto potencial de produ??o de PB, com destaque para os gen?tipos BD-17, BD-54, BD-43, BD-46 e BD-52.Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (Capes)Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Produ??o Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2012.ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to select genotypes of sweet potato more productive and better nutritional quality and evaluate the quality of silage branches and roots of sweet potato. Two experiments were conducted. With the first experiment was aimed to select genotypes of sweet potato with best features of production of branches and assess the chemical composition of branches wilted sweet potato and its silages. The experiment was conducted at the Fazenda Rio Manso of the UFVJM in the city of Couto Magalh?es de Minas ? MG - Brazil. We used a randomized block design, with fifteen genotypes of sweet potato: BD-31TO, BD-26, BD-13, BD-17, BD-22, BD-24, BD-54, BD-56, BD-69, BD-43, BD-44, BD-46, BD-52, BD-35 and the commercial cultivar Brazl?ndia Rosada, with three replications. Only the number of leaves per linear meter no significant differences were observed among genotypes. Most genotypes has medium to high productivity of green mass (PGM) and dry mass of branches. Due the correlation between the length of the main branch (CB) and productivity of dry mass of branches (PDM), can in future studies to measure the length of the rod aiming higher PDM. No significant differences were observed among genotypes for soluble carbohydrates from branches and wilted silages of branches. Significant differences were found for dry matter (DM), ash, crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and lignin. For the wilted branches, genotypes BD-26, BD-13, BD-56, BD-46, BD-35 and Brazl?ndia Rosada presented better compositions bromatologic. The number of leaves in the culture of sweet potato has no relation with the chemical quality of their branches. For silages of branches, genotype BD-56 have the best qualitative characteristics. The second experiment aimed to evaluate characteristics of root yield, composition of silages of roots and the potential production of crude protein of sweet potato genotypes. We used a randomized block design with ten treatments and two replications, and the sweet potato genotypes from the germplasm bank of UFVJM (BD-31TO, BD-17, BD-22, BD-24, BD-54 , BD-69, BD-43, BD-46, BD-52, BD-35). The plots were composed of two piles of 3.0 m, with 0.90 m between furrows and 0.30 m between plants. At harvest, the characteristics evaluated were total root yields (TRY) and marketable yield of roots (MYR), no differences were observed among genotypes these characteristics. The TRY and MYR were low, below the national average. For the average levels of DM, ammonia nitrogen (% N-NH3.NT-1), NDF and lignin were no significant differences between genotypes. The genotypes BD-17, BD-69 and BD-46 showed the best results of composition of silages roots. The culture of sweet potato has a high potential for production of CP, especially with the genotypes BD-17, BD-54, BD-43, BD-46 and BD-52

Silage of branches and roots of sweet potato.

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz ([email protected]) on 2015-02-27T13:30:36Z No. of bitstreams: 5 50.pdf: 601131 bytes, checksum: 40ec6f06ce6ce603d177d20c34d83fbd (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz ([email protected]) on 2015-02-27T19:17:39Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 5 50.pdf: 601131 bytes, checksum: 40ec6f06ce6ce603d177d20c34d83fbd (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-27T19:17:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 50.pdf: 601131 bytes, checksum: 40ec6f06ce6ce603d177d20c34d83fbd (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (Capes)Objetivou-se selecionar gen?tipos de batata-doce mais produtivos e de melhor qualidade nutricional e avaliar a qualidade da silagem de ramas e de ra?zes de batata-doce. Foram realizados dois ensaios. Com o primeiro ensaio objetivou-se selecionar gen?tipos de batata-doce de melhores caracter?sticas de produ??o de ramas e avaliar a composi??o bromatol?gica das ramas emurchecidas de batata-doce e de suas silagens. O experimento foi conduzido na Fazenda Rio Manso, da UFVJM, em Couto Magalh?es de Minas - MG. Foi utilizado o delineamento em blocos ao acaso, com quinze gen?tipos de batata-doce: BD-31TO, BD-26, BD-13, BD-17, BD-22, BD-24, BD-54, BD-56, BD-69, BD-43, BD-44, BD-46, BD-52, BD-35 e a cultivar comercial Brazl?ndia Rosada, com tr?s repeti??es. Apenas para o n?mero de folhas por metro linear n?o foram observadas diferen?as significativas entre os gen?tipos. A maioria dos gen?tipos estudados apresenta m?dia a alta produtividade de massa verde (PMV) e de massa seca das ramas (PMS). Devido ? exist?ncia de correla??o entre o comprimento da haste principal (CH) e a PMS, pode-se em futuros trabalhos mensurar o comprimento da haste visando maiores PMS. N?o foram observadas diferen?as significativas entre os gen?tipos para os teores de carboidratos sol?veis das ramas emurchecidas e silagens das ramas. Foram encontradas diferen?as significativas para os teores de mat?ria seca (MS), cinzas, prote?na bruta (PB), fibra em detergente neutro (FDN), fibra em detergente ?cido (FDA) e lignina. Para as ramas emurchecidas, os gen?tipos BD-26, BD-13, BD-56, BD-46, BD-35 e Brazl?ndia Rosada apresentaram as composi??es bromatol?gicas mais adequadas. O n?mero de folhas na cultura da batata-doce n?o possui rela??o com a qualidade bromatol?gica de suas ramas. Para as silagens das ramas, o gen?tipo BD-56 proporcionou as melhores caracter?sticas bromatol?gicas. Com o segundo ensaio objetivou-se avaliar caracter?sticas de produtividade de ra?zes, a composi??o bromatol?gica das silagens de ra?zes e o potencial de produ??o de prote?na bruta de diferentes gen?tipos batata-doce. Foi utilizado o delineamento em blocos ao acaso, com dez tratamentos e duas repeti??es, sendo os gen?tipos de batata-doce oriundos do banco de germoplasma da UFVJM (BD-31TO, BD-17, BD-22, BD-24, BD-54, BD-69, BD-43, BD-46, BD-52 e BD-35). As parcelas foram compostas por duas leiras de 3,0 m, com 0,90 m entre leiras e 0,30 m entre plantas. Na colheita foram avaliadas as caracter?sticas de produtividade total de ra?zes (PTR) e produtividade comercial de ra?zes (PCR), n?o sendo observadas diferen?as significativas entre os gen?tipos para essas caracter?sticas. As PTR e PCR foram baixas, abaixo da m?dia nacional. Para os teores m?dios de MS, nitrog?nio amoniacal (%N-NH3 NT-1), FDN e lignina houve diferen?as significativas entre os gen?tipos avaliados. Os gen?tipos BD-17, BD-69 e BD-46 originaram silagens de raiz de melhores composi??es bromatol?gicas. A cultura da batata-doce possui alto potencial de produ??o de PB, com destaque para os gen?tipos BD-17, BD-54, BD-43, BD-46 e BD-52.Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Produ??o Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2012.ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to select genotypes of sweet potato more productive and better nutritional quality and evaluate the quality of silage branches and roots of sweet potato. Two experiments were conducted. With the first experiment was aimed to select genotypes of sweet potato with best features of production of branches and assess the chemical composition of branches wilted sweet potato and its silages. The experiment was conducted at the Fazenda Rio Manso of the UFVJM in the city of Couto Magalh?es de Minas ? MG - Brazil. We used a randomized block design, with fifteen genotypes of sweet potato: BD-31TO, BD-26, BD-13, BD-17, BD-22, BD-24, BD-54, BD-56, BD-69, BD-43, BD-44, BD-46, BD-52, BD-35 and the commercial cultivar Brazl?ndia Rosada, with three replications. Only the number of leaves per linear meter no significant differences were observed among genotypes. Most genotypes has medium to high productivity of green mass (PGM) and dry mass of branches. Due the correlation between the length of the main branch (CB) and productivity of dry mass of branches (PDM), can in future studies to measure the length of the rod aiming higher PDM. No significant differences were observed among genotypes for soluble carbohydrates from branches and wilted silages of branches. Significant differences were found for dry matter (DM), ash, crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and lignin. For the wilted branches, genotypes BD-26, BD-13, BD-56, BD-46, BD-35 and Brazl?ndia Rosada presented better compositions bromatologic. The number of leaves in the culture of sweet potato has no relation with the chemical quality of their branches. For silages of branches, genotype BD-56 have the best qualitative characteristics. The second experiment aimed to evaluate characteristics of root yield, composition of silages of roots and the potential production of crude protein of sweet potato genotypes. We used a randomized block design with ten treatments and two replications, and the sweet potato genotypes from the germplasm bank of UFVJM (BD-31TO, BD-17, BD-22, BD-24, BD-54 , BD-69, BD-43, BD-46, BD-52, BD-35). The plots were composed of two piles of 3.0 m, with 0.90 m between furrows and 0.30 m between plants. At harvest, the characteristics evaluated were total root yields (TRY) and marketable yield of roots (MYR), no differences were observed among genotypes these characteristics. The TRY and MYR were low, below the national average. For the average levels of DM, ammonia nitrogen (% N-NH3.NT-1), NDF and lignin were no significant differences between genotypes. The genotypes BD-17, BD-69 and BD-46 showed the best results of composition of silages roots. The culture of sweet potato has a high potential for production of CP, especially with the genotypes BD-17, BD-54, BD-43, BD-46 and BD-52

Desempenho agronômico e variabilidade genética em genótipos de couve Agronomic performance and genetic variability in kale genotypes

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho agronômico de acessos de couve e estimar os parâmetros genéticos e a correlação entre características de interesse para o melhoramento. O experimento foi realizado em delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com 30 genótipos de couve, entre os quais, três cultivares comerciais, de diferentes empresas. Foram utilizadas quatro repetições, com cinco indivíduos por parcela. Verificou-se variabilidade genética entre os genótipos, com predominância dos efeitos genéticos sobre os ambientais, o que indica a possibilidade de se obterem ganhos genéticos representativos com o melhoramento. As características importantes para o melhoramento da espécie foram: comprimento e largura de folha, diâmetro de pecíolo, área foliar, altura de planta, número de brotações e massa de folhas secas. Os genótipos comerciais apresentaram menor área foliar, massa de matéria seca de folhas, altura de planta, comprimento e largura de folha, comprimento de pecíolo, e número de brotações e de folhas comerciais.The objective of this work was to evaluate the agronomic performance of kale genotypes and to estimate the genetic parameters and the correlation between traits of interest for breeding. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design, with 30 kale genotypes, with three commercial cultivars, from three different companies. It was used four replicates, with five individuals per plot. Variability was significant among genotypes, with predominance of genetic effects over environmental ones, indicating the possibility of obtaining expressive genetic gains in breeding. The most important traits for breeding purposes were: leaf length and width, stem diameter, leaf area, plant height, number of shoots, and leaf dry weight. Commercial genotypes showed smaller leaf area, dry leaf mass, plant height, leaf length and width, petiole length, and number of sprouts and commercial leaves