PTP1B promotes focal complex maturation, lamellar persistence and directional migration

Previous findings established that ER-bound PTP1B targets peripheral cell-matrix adhesions and positively regulates cell adhesion to fibronectin. Here we show that PTP1B enhances focal complex lifetime at the lamellipodium base, delaying their turnover and facilitating α-actinin incorporation. We demonstrate the presence of catalytic PTP1BD181A-α-actinin complexes at focal complexes. Kymograph analysis revealed that PTP1B contributes to lamellar protrusion persistence and directional cell migration. Pull-down and FRET analysis also showed that PTP1B is required for efficient integrin-dependent downregulation of RhoA and upregulation of Rac1 during spreading. A substrate trap strategy revealed that FAK/Src recruitment and Src activity are essential for the generation of PTP1B substrates in adhesions. PTP1B targets the negative regulatory site of Src (phosphotyrosine 529), paxillin and p130Cas at peripheral cell-matrix adhesions. We postulate that PTP1B modulates more than one pathway required for focal complex maturation and membrane protrusion, including α-actinin-mediated cytoskeletal anchorage, integrin-dependent activation of the FAK/Src signaling pathway, and RhoA and Rac1 GTPase activity. By doing so, PTP1B contributes to coordinated adhesion turnover, lamellar stability and directional cell migration.Fil: Burdisso, Juan Eduardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas; ArgentinaFil: González, Angela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas; ArgentinaFil: Arregui, Carlos Oscar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas; Argentin

Natural rubber/styrene-butadiene rubber blends prepared by solution mixing: Influence of vulcanization temperature using a Semi-EV sulfur curing system on the microstructural properties

Blends of natural rubber (NR) and styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) were prepared by solution mixing and vulcanized with sulfur and accelerator in a Semi-EV system at 433 K and 443 K in order to study the vulcanization kinetic and the influence of vulcanization temperature on final structure of the blends. The vulcanization kinetic studied through the variation in rheometer curves was analyzed using the Ding and Leonov model, which takes into account the reversion effect during the cure process. The average free nanohole volume and the fractional free volume of samples with different NR/SBR ratio were estimated using positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS). Also, the crosslink density was determined by means of swelling tests in a solvent. For all the compounds, a correlation between the free nanohole volume and the delta torque obtained from the respective rheometer curves was established.Fil: Mansilla, Marcela Angela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Industrial. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Industrial - Caucho; ArgentinaFil: Marzocca, Angel José. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Física. Laboratorio de Polímeros y Materiales Compuestos; ArgentinaFil: Macchi, Carlos Eugenio. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Física de Materiales; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigaciones en Física e Ingeniería del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil. Centro de Investigaciones en Física e Ingeniería del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. - Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigaciones en Física e Ingeniería del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Somoza, Alberto Horacio. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Física de Materiales; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigaciones en Física e Ingeniería del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil. Centro de Investigaciones en Física e Ingeniería del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. - Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigaciones en Física e Ingeniería del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas; Argentin

All about the marine/sea ice diatom Nitzschia lecointei

Generally, in terms of growth N. lecointei seems quite tolerant to changes in pH and pCO2, probably due to the fact that this species grows in an environment with large seasonal variations in the carbonate system. However, increased pCO2 resulted in physiological changes that may have important ecological consequences, such as cellular stoichiometry. For instance, we observed changes in carbon metabolism, and fatty acid content and composition, that did not affect the growth rate. When the experimental period was increased (194 days, ca. 60 asexual generations), we observed a small reduction in growth at 960 µatm pCO2 after 147 days. Carbon metabolism was significantly affected, resulting in higher cellular release of dissolved organic carbon. When studying the synergism between temperature (−1.8 and 2.5°C) and pCO2 (390 and 960 μatm), synergism was detected in growth rate and acyl lipid fatty acid content. Carbon enrichment only promoted (3 %) growth rate closer to the optimal growth, but not at the control temperature (−1.8°C). Optimal growth rate was observed around 5°C in a separate experiment. The total content of fatty acids was reduced at elevated pCO2, but only at the control temperature. PUFAs were reduced at high pCO2. When combining increased temperature and different salinity conditions, the growth rate was higher at 3°C than at -1.8°C. Salinity 10 clearly limited growth rate and the highest growth rates were found at salinity 20 and 35. In another experiment, high and low temperature together with treatments simulating ice formation and melting conditions were studied. Here, the highest levels of oxidative stress were found in low temperature and ice melting treatments, respectively. With respect to 9 weeks in the dark, cell numbers were higher at -1.5°C compared to 3°C, but when retrieved to light conditions, after one week higher cell numbers were observed at 3°C versus -1.5°C. Furthermore, cell numbers were lower when acetateUniversidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Evaluación de la gestión del área de recreación, de la Secretaría Municipal de Recreación y Deportes Pereira respecto al plan de desarrollo en el periodo 2008-2009

En la presente investigación se puede evidenciar uno de los problemas que enfrenta la Secretaria Municipal de Recreación y Deporte, es la ausencia de un método para evaluar los resultados de su gestión, esto se debe a la débil cultura de evaluación que posee y en consecuencia, se dificulta determinar el éxito o fracaso de sus acciones, por esta razón es necesario la realización de esta clase de estudios, clasificando la información y utilizándola como un herramienta para la planeación, en este caso los proyectos que llevó a cabo el Área de Recreación durante los periodos 2008 y 2009, con el fin de mejorar los procesos y tener herramientas para la toma de decisiones, el objetivo general de la investigación es Evaluar la Gestión del Área de Recreación de la Secretaría Municipal de Recreación y Deporte, en el periodo 2008-2009 con respecto al Plan de Desarrollo 2008-2011 "Pereira, Región de Oportunidades" mediante una investigación cuantitativa evaluativa que está orientada a valorar los recursos ejecutados con un indicador como lo es la Eficiencia, y el alcance de las metas representado por la Eficacia; dando aportes significativos como una base de información que permita mantener la historia de la gestión realizada y así mejorar la planeación en los siguientes periodos, siendo más fácil y efectivo, trazando un norte, con la seguridad de estar apuntando al logro de las metas igualmente se realizaron recomendaciones desde el análisis del estudio. Por otro lado y en contraste con los resultados del estudio que positivos en cuanto al grado de gestión alcanzada por el Área de Recreación en el periodo 2008 - 2009 es de anotar que se debe mejorar la claridad en la formulación de los indicadores de resultado, que nos permitirán estudiar el impacto social igualmente mejorar los sistemas de evaluación de los procesos de la actividad administrativa que lleva acabo la Secretaria Municipal de Recreación para obtener los beneficios que esto proporciona y que la investigación sustenta desde la ley, la teoría y la discusión

Global Prym-Torelli for double coverings ramified in at least 6 points

We prove that the ramified Prym map $\mathcal{P}_{g, r}$ which sends a covering $\pi: D \longrightarrow C$ ramified in $r$ points to the Prym variety $P(\pi):=\operatorname{Ker}\left(N m_\pi\right)$ is an embedding for all $r \geq 6$ and for all $g(C)>0$. Moreover, by studying the restriction to the locus of coverings of hyperelliptic curves, we show that $\mathcal{P}_{g, 2}$ and $\mathcal{P}_{g, 4}$ have positive dimensional fibers

Avaliação da eficácia da ciclosporina no tratamento de cães atópicos

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an inflammatory, pruritic and chronic allergic skin disease. It is recognized as the second most common allergic skin disease of dogs, after flea allergy. Pruritus is the predominant sign of canine AD, and it affects a variety of areas of the body, leading to intense suffering in both the animal and its owner. The long-term use of glucocorticoid therapy can be devastating because of its numerous side effects and secondary diseases. Cyclosporine (CsA) has been considered a good therapeutic option to treat canine AD. CsA inhibits the activation of cells that initiate the cutaneous immune response (Langerhans cells and lymphocytes) and that mediate allergic reactions (mast cells and eosinophils). It also decreases the release of histamine and other cytokines. The objective of this study was to analyze the efficacy of CsA (5 mg/kg, SID for 60 days) to reduce skin lesions and pruritus in 21 atopic dogs using CADESI-03 and two scales to quantify the levels of body itching. This immunomodulatory therapy was considered to be an effective treatment for atopic dogs because it reduced skin lesions by 70% after 60 days of therapy. During that period, there was a 52.6% reduction of body itching as assessed via a verbal numeric scale, and there was a significant reduction of body itching on a qualitative scale, as the maximal levels of pruritus (“three” and “four”) were hardly observed after immunomodulatory therapy. CsA was effective and safe in the treatment of canine atopic dermatitis.A atopia ou dermatite atópica é uma doença inflamatória pruriginosa, crônica e recorrente reconhecida como a segunda alergopatia mais comum, estando aquém apenas da dermatite alérgica à picada de pulgas. Esta doença é caracterizada pela presença exacerbada de prurido corpóreo, infringindo sofrimento ao paciente e desalentando seu proprietário. Por se tratar de uma doença de longo decurso, o tratamento com glicocorticoides pode causar diversos efeitos adversos, além de doenças mais graves. Como alternativa ao tratamento de cães atópicos, a ciclosporina (CsA) acaba tornando-se uma boa opção terapêutica. A CsA inibe as funções das células que iniciam a resposta imunológica (células de Langerhanse linfócitos) e das células que efetuam a resposta alérgica (mastócitos e eosinófilos) e, também, diminui a liberação de histamina e de várias citocinas. O objetivo do presente estudo incluiu a: análise da eficácia da CsA (5mg/kg, SID durante60 dias) na redução de lesões corpóreas e do prurido com auxílio do CADESI-03 e de duas escalas de prurido corpóreo. A CsA mostrou-se eficaz no tratamento da dermatite atópica canina pois reduziu as lesões corpóreas em 70% após 60dias de terapia. Nesse mesmo período ocorreu redução da intensidade do prurido corpóreo em 52,6%, avaliado através da escala numérica verbal; e observou-se redução significativa na escala qualitativa de prurido corpóreo, uma vez que os níveis máximos de prurido (“três” e “quatro”) quase não foram observados após a terapia imunomodulatória. A CsA mostrou-se eficaz no tratamento da dermatite atópica canina