Método de alfabetização fonovisuoarticulatório Na EJA: estudo de caso

This project involved the participation of students of the young and adults education (EJA) from a regular school class in an interior city of São Paulo state. This multisensory, phonic-visual-oral-articulatory methodology proposes the use of articulemes (mouths) to promote graphophonemic conversion, allowing students to deal with self-regulation of their learning. The evolution of work involved control by surveys on the psychogenesis of writing, comparison of school attendance with the previous year and two semi-structured questionnaires, to the teacher and students, involving both social and emotional issues, such as learning. The results showed significant improvement, for the analyzed questions. With this, it deserves a new examination on the issue EJA with quality of teaching that are linked to literacy allowing a condition for student self identification, focusing on a specific methodology,  which is conducive to learning quickly and effectively, as the work presented by this method.Este proyecto fue desarrollado en una clase regular de la Educación de Jóvenes y Adultos (“EJA”) en una ciudad del interior de São Paulo. La metodología “multisensorial fonovisuoarticulatoria” propone el uso de los “articulema” (bocas) para favorecer la conversión “grafofonémica”, estructura para la categoría de EJA, permitiendo la autorregulación de su aprendizaje. El control del aprendizaje en el desarrollo del trabajo fue realizado por medio del sondaje con base en la sicogénesis de la escritura, comparación de la frecuencia a las clases con el año anterior y encuesta con la profesora y con los alumnos sobre cuestiones socioemocionales y de aprendizaje. Los resultados mostraron evolución significativa para los ítems analizados. Así, se defiende una nueva mirada relativa a la alfabetización en “EJA” con calidad de enseñanza que permita una condición identitaria de los alumnos por medio de una metodología de enseñanza que favorezca el aprendizaje de forma rápida y eficaz.Esse projeto foi desenvolvido em uma classe regular da Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA em uma cidade do interior de São Paulo. A metodologia multissensorial fonovisuoarticulatória propõe o uso dos articulemas (bocas) para favorecer a conversão grafofonêmica, estruturada para a categoria da EJA, permitindo a autorregulação de sua aprendizagem. O controle da aprendizagem no desenvolvimento do trabalho foi feito por meio de sondagens com base na psicogênese da escrita, comparação da frequência às aulas com o ano anterior e questionários para a professora e alunos envolvendo questões socioemocionais e de aprendizagem. Os resultados mostraram evolução significativa para os quesitos analisados. Com isso, defende-se novo olhar relativo à alfabetização na EJA com qualidade de ensino que permita uma condição identitária dos alunos por meio de uma metodologia de ensino que favoreça a aprendizagem de forma rápida e eficaz

Preclinical assessment of mesenchymal-stem-cell-based therapies in spinocerebellar ataxia type 3

The low regeneration potential of the central nervous system (CNS) represents a challenge for the development of new therapeutic strategies for neurodegenerative diseases, including spinocerebellar ataxias. Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3)—or Machado–Joseph disease (MJD)—is the most common dominant ataxia, being mainly characterized by motor deficits; however, SCA3/MJD has a complex and heterogeneous pathophysiology, involving many CNS brain regions, contributing to the lack of effective therapies. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been proposed as a potential therapeutic tool for CNS disorders. Beyond their differentiation potential, MSCs secrete a broad range of neuroregulatory factors that can promote relevant neuroprotective and immunomodulatory actions in different pathophysiological contexts. The objective of this work was to study the effects of (1) human MSC transplantation and (2) human MSC secretome (CM) administration on disease progression in vivo, using the CMVMJD135 mouse model of SCA3/MJD. Our results showed that a single CM administration was more beneficial than MSC transplantation—particularly in the cerebellum and basal ganglia—while no motor improvement was observed when these cell-based therapeutic approaches were applied in the spinal cord. However, the effects observed were mild and transient, suggesting that continuous or repeated administration would be needed, which should be further tested.This research was funded by the National Ataxia Foundation (NAF) and by Portuguese national funds, through the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)—projects UIDB/50026/2020, UIDP/50026/2020, POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029206, and through the Santa Casa Neuroscience Awards (Santa Casa da Misericórdia Lisboa)—project MC-04/17. Additionally, this project was funded by the ICVS Scientific Microscopy Platform, a member of the national infrastructure PPBI—Portuguese Platform of Bioimaging (PPBI-POCI-01-0145-FEDER-022122). S.C.S. received an individual fellowship within the project TUBITAK/0007/2014. The FCT funded individual fellowships to J.S C., A.N.-C., B.M.- P., F.G.T., R.L., S.M., N.A.S., C.S.-C., and S.D.-S. (SFRH/BD/140624/2018, SFRH/BPD/118779/2016, SFRH/BD/120124/2016, SFRH/BPD/118408/2016, PD/BDE/127836/2016, CEECIND/01902/2017, CEECIND/04794/2017, CEECIND/03887/2017, and CEECIND/00685/2020)

Immediate and Late Effects of Stress on Kidneys of Prepubertal and Adult Rats

Background/Aims: Stress had been related to physiological and morphological alterations in different organs, however kidney morphology and function after stress conditions are not well-known. To evaluate the effects of chronic stress on renal morphology in prepubertal and adult rats, and to investigate if the effects of induced stress remain stable or worsen following removal of the stress stimuli. Methods: Forty prepubertal rats (4 weeks old) and thirty six adult rats (10 weeks old) were used. Each age group was divided a into control group and a stressed group. Stressed animals were restrained in rigid tubes 2 hours per day for 6 weeks. Animals were euthanized 24 hours after the last stress stimulus for immediate evaluation (50% of the groups), and 6 weeks after the last stress stimulus for late evaluation (50% of the groups). Kidney weight and volume, cortical-medullar ratio, glomerular volumetric density, volume-weighted glomerular volume, and number of glomeruli per kidney were evaluated using the Image J software. Results: Prepubertal stressed animals showed reduced kidney weight and volume, and increased cortical-medullar ratio in comparison to its control group when evaluated immediately. Furthermore, stressed prepubertal and adult animals evaluated immediately had reduced glomerular volumetric density. Most importantly, all stressed groups exhibited reduced number of glomeruli per kidney. Other analyzed parameters did not difeer significantly the groups. Conclusion: Chronic stress induced before and after puberty led to irreversible glomerular loss, however, renal impairment was interrupted by removal of the stress stimuli

European Portuguese adaptation and validation of dilemmas used to assess moral decision-making = Adaptação e validação para português europeu de dilemas utilizados para avaliar a tomada de decisão moral

Abstract Objective To adapt and validate a widely used set of moral dilemmas to European Portuguese, which can be applied to assess decision-making. Moreover, the classical formulation of the dilemmas was compared with a more focused moral probe. Finally, a shorter version of the moral scenarios was tested. Methods The Portuguese version of the set of moral dilemmas was tested in 53 individuals from several regions of Portugal. In a second study, an alternative way of questioning on moral dilemmas was tested in 41 participants. Finally, the shorter version of the moral dilemmas was tested in 137 individuals. Results Results evidenced no significant differences between English and Portuguese versions. Also, asking whether actions are “morally acceptable” elicited less utilitarian responses than the original question, although without reaching statistical significance. Finally, all tested versions of moral dilemmas exhibited the same pattern of responses, suggesting that the fundamental elements to the moral decision-making were preserved. Conclusions We found evidence of cross-cultural validity for moral dilemmas. However, the moral focus might affect utilitarian/deontological judgments

Effects of chronic restraint stress in the prostate of prepubertal and adult rats

ABSTRACT Purpose: To investigate the effects of chronic stress in the prostate of prepubertal and adult rats. Methods: Thirty-two male rats were assigned into four groups depending on the type of treatment (control or stressed) and the age at which stress was initiated (prepubertal or adult). Restraint stress stimuli were applied for six weeks. Stressed prepubertal and adult rats evaluated immediately after the last stress stimuli were named SP and SA groups, respectively. Age-matched rats were used as control groups (CP and CA). At the end of the experiment, the rats were euthanized, and prostate morphological parameters were evaluated and statistically compared. Results: Application of stress stimuli to the SP group resulted in reduced body weight, but no prostate morphological modification was noted. The SA group showed reduced testosterone level and prostatic epithelium surface density, in comparison to CA group. Further, the prostatic lumen surface density was increased in adult stressed animals, in comparison to adult controls. Conclusions: The stress stimuli promoted changes in hormonal and morphological parameters in the prostate of adult stressed rats. Prepubertal stressed animals did not presented modifications of prostate morphology

A POSSE RESPONSÁVEL DE ANIMAIS DOMÉSTICOS EM SÃO GABRIEL

UNIPAMPA SÃO GABRIE

Síndrome de Cockayne: Cockayne syndrome

INTRODUÇÃO: A Síndrome de Cocayne (SC) é um distúrbio raro, hereditário, autossômico recessivo que está associado a mutações em dois genes envolvidos no reparo do DNA. Ela é caracterizada por alterações, como nanismo, atraso no desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor, deficiência intelectual, marcha deficiente, anomalias oculares, microcefalia e surdez. Existem 3 tipos de apresentações dessa síndrome que podem ser do tipo I (clássica) , do tipo II (congênita) ou do tipo III ( de início tardio). APRESENTAÇÃO DO CASO: Paciente com 4 anos e 2 meses, feminina, procedente de Januária-MG, foi encaminhada ao HC de São Paulo por deficiência global do desenvolvimento. Apresentava  microcefalia, atraso motor, face triangular, cáries nos dentes e pavilhões auriculares aumentados. Aos 3 anos foi diagnosticada surdez neurossensorial bilateral. DISCUSSÃO: A SC apresenta uma falha de crescimento somático e cerebral no período pós-natal, acompanhado de degeneração de múltiplos tecidos A patologia possui um reparo deficiente do DNA o que aumenta sua vulnerabilidade ao estresse oxidativo e envelhecimento. A síndrome não possui tratamento curativo, tendo como objetivo melhorar a qualidade de vida do paciente, tratando possíveis complicações e retardando a sua progressão. CONCLUSÃO: A avaliação do paciente com suspeita de SC deve incluir história clínica completa e um exame físico detalhado devido ao seu difícil diagnóstico, com um enfoque no  sistema neurológico, oftalmológico, dermatológico  e odontológico. Além disso, a medicina oferece tratamentos sintomáticos e, também, para suas possíveis complicações

Osteíte tuberculosa: Tuberculous osteitis

Introdução: A osteíte tuberculosa é uma condição rara e de difícil diagnóstico, causada por lesões ósseas associadas ao agente etiológico Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Os locais mais acometidos são joelhos, tornozelos, quadris e vértebras. Apresentação do caso: XXX, sexo feminino, 2 anos de idade,  admitida com dor em membro inferior direito com edema em joelho associada a deambulação prejudicada há 15 dias. Ao quadro, associavam-se picos de febre baixa, principalmente noturna.  Realizada radiografia que discriminou lesão osteolítica na epífise distal do fêmur. Discussão: O tratamento inicial com antibioticoterapia é muito comum devido à dificuldade em diagnosticar essa condição precocemente. Atualmente, o tratamento tem como base antibacilares por tempo variado, com média de um ano. Além disso, um cuidado abrangente, com pilares ortopédicos e fisioterápicos deve ser ofertado visando alívio da dor e evitar sequelas. Conclusão: A principal causa de falha do tratamento é a demora diagnóstica. Sendo assim, devido ao grande potencial benéfico da vacina e à boa resposta terapêutica da osteíte tuberculosa, a vacina não deve ser descontinuada mas se faz de suma importância a disseminação de informações claras e pertinentes a respeito dessa patologia desconhecida

MAMMALS IN PORTUGAL : A data set of terrestrial, volant, and marine mammal occurrences in P ortugal

Mammals are threatened worldwide, with 26% of all species being includedin the IUCN threatened categories. This overall pattern is primarily associatedwith habitat loss or degradation, and human persecution for terrestrial mam-mals, and pollution, open net fishing, climate change, and prey depletion formarine mammals. Mammals play a key role in maintaining ecosystems func-tionality and resilience, and therefore information on their distribution is cru-cial to delineate and support conservation actions. MAMMALS INPORTUGAL is a publicly available data set compiling unpublishedgeoreferenced occurrence records of 92 terrestrial, volant, and marine mam-mals in mainland Portugal and archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira thatincludes 105,026 data entries between 1873 and 2021 (72% of the data occur-ring in 2000 and 2021). The methods used to collect the data were: live obser-vations/captures (43%), sign surveys (35%), camera trapping (16%),bioacoustics surveys (4%) and radiotracking, and inquiries that represent lessthan 1% of the records. The data set includes 13 types of records: (1) burrowsjsoil moundsjtunnel, (2) capture, (3) colony, (4) dead animaljhairjskullsjjaws, (5) genetic confirmation, (6) inquiries, (7) observation of live animal (8),observation in shelters, (9) photo trappingjvideo, (10) predators dietjpelletsjpine cones/nuts, (11) scatjtrackjditch, (12) telemetry and (13) vocalizationjecholocation. The spatial uncertainty of most records ranges between 0 and100 m (76%). Rodentia (n=31,573) has the highest number of records followedby Chiroptera (n=18,857), Carnivora (n=18,594), Lagomorpha (n=17,496),Cetartiodactyla (n=11,568) and Eulipotyphla (n=7008). The data setincludes records of species classified by the IUCN as threatened(e.g.,Oryctolagus cuniculus[n=12,159],Monachus monachus[n=1,512],andLynx pardinus[n=197]). We believe that this data set may stimulate thepublication of other European countries data sets that would certainly contrib-ute to ecology and conservation-related research, and therefore assisting onthe development of more accurate and tailored conservation managementstrategies for each species. There are no copyright restrictions; please cite thisdata paper when the data are used in publications.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio