Hiperlipidêmica induzida por Triton WR-1339 (Tyloxapol) em ratos Wistar

-Triton WR-1339 (Tyloxapol) tem sido utilizado por diversos estudos para induzir hipercolesterolemia em animais. Não foram encontrados, entretanto, trabalhos na literatura que nos esclareçam a qualidade e a durabilidade desse estado hipercolesterolêmico. Dessa forma, ao se estudar agentes hipocolesterolemiantes em ratos, torna-se difícil determinar se a queda dos níveis de colesterol resultou do tratamento ou de sua diminuição espontânea ao longo dos dias, em função do metabolismo. Nosso objetivo foi determinar os níveis de colesterol em ratos Wistar ao longo de 9 dias após o uso do Tyloxapol. Para isso, foram coletadas as amostras de sangue de 16 ratos através de punção da veia caudal e após a administração única de Tyloxapol na dose de 200mg/kg por via intraperitoneal, novas amostras foram obtitas a cada três dias. Os resultados mostraram um pico de ação da droga após 72 horas da aplicação, com retorno ao valores basais após seis dias. Conclusão: A indução de hipercolesterolemia pelo do Tyloxapol mostrou ser eficaz em ratos Wistar em até 72 horas da aplicação da droga, após esse período os resultados podem não refletir a ação de agentes hipocolesterolemiantes que utilizem esse modelo

SÍNDROME DE CROHN E INTERVENÇÕES CIRÚRGICAS: ENFOQUE INTEGRADO EM ANESTESIA E CIRURGIA GERAL

 Crohn's Syndrome is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract, characterized by periods of activity and remission, which can result in serious complications, such as strictures, fistulas and abscesses. Although initial treatment involves the use of medication, a significant portion of patients with Crohn's Syndrome end up requiring surgical interventions. In this context, the integrated approach between anesthesia and general surgery plays a fundamental role, ensuring not only the effectiveness of the surgical procedure, but also the safety and well-being of the patient. Objective: To discuss the main considerations involved in the anesthetic and surgical management of Crohn's Syndrome, highlighting the importance of an integrated approach to optimize clinical results and patients' quality of life. Methodology: The Cochrane, Scielo and Medline databases were used, with articles published between 2017 and 2023, available in English or Portuguese. Final Considerations: In view of the complexity of Crohn's Syndrome, an integrated approach between anesthesia and general surgery is essential to ensure successful surgical results and a better quality of life for patients. Furthermore, customizing the treatment plan, considering each patient's individual needs, and ongoing education about the disease are crucial to optimizing long-term results.A Síndrome de Crohn é uma doença inflamatória crônica do trato gastrointestinal, caracterizada por períodos de atividade e remissão, que pode resultar em complicações graves, como estenoses, fístulas e abscessos. Embora o tratamento inicial envolva o uso de medicamentos, uma parcela significativa dos pacientes com Síndrome de Crohn acabam necessitando de intervenções cirúrgicas. Nesse contexto, a abordagem integrada entre anestesia e cirurgia geral desempenha um papel fundamental, garantindo não apenas a eficácia do procedimento cirúrgico, mas também a segurança e o bem-estar do paciente. Objetivo: Discutir as principais considerações envolvidas no manejo anestésico e cirúrgico da Síndrome de Crohn, destacando a importância da abordagem integrada para otimizar os resultados clínicos e a qualidade de vida dos pacientes. Metodologia: Foram utilizadas as bases de dados Cochrane, Scielo e Medline, com artigos publicados entre os anos 2017 e 2023, disponíveis em inglês ou português.  Considerações Finais: Em vista da complexidade da Síndrome de Crohn, uma abordagem integrada entre anestesia e cirurgia geral é essencial para garantir resultados cirúrgicos bem-sucedidos e melhor qualidade de vida para os pacientes. Além disso, a personalização do plano de tratamento, considerando as necessidades individuais de cada paciente, e a educação contínua sobre a doença são cruciais para otimizar os resultados a longo prazo

Diagnóstico diferencial da Síndrome de Takotsubo e infarto agudo do miocárdio: uma revisão sistemática: Differential diagnosis of Takotsubo Syndrome and acute myocardial infarction: a systematic review

A cardiomiopatia de Takotsubo e o infarto agudo do miocárdio compartilham apresentação clínica e risco de morte semelhantes, embora uma das diferenças mais importantes seja a ausência de doença coronariana obstrutiva na cardiomiopatia de Takotsubo. Neste estudo, tem-se como objetivo analisar a literatura disponível avaliando o diagnóstico diferencial entre pacientes com CTT em comparação com pacientes com infarto agudo do miocárdio. Para isso, foi realizada uma revisão sistemática, utilizando-se a Pubmed e a Medline como base de dados. A partir da análise dos estudos e interpretação de suas principais descobertas, concluiu-se que para pacientes com CTT, outras condições e comorbidades, em vez de apenas dislipidemia e/ou outros fatores de risco estabelecidos, sejam responsáveis por um risco de morte comparável ao de IAM. No entanto, as conclusões desse estudo têm várias limitaçõe

Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil: setting the baseline knowledge on the animal diversity in Brazil

The limited temporal completeness and taxonomic accuracy of species lists, made available in a traditional manner in scientific publications, has always represented a problem. These lists are invariably limited to a few taxonomic groups and do not represent up-to-date knowledge of all species and classifications. In this context, the Brazilian megadiverse fauna is no exception, and the Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil (CTFB) (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/), made public in 2015, represents a database on biodiversity anchored on a list of valid and expertly recognized scientific names of animals in Brazil. The CTFB is updated in near real time by a team of more than 800 specialists. By January 1, 2024, the CTFB compiled 133,691 nominal species, with 125,138 that were considered valid. Most of the valid species were arthropods (82.3%, with more than 102,000 species) and chordates (7.69%, with over 11,000 species). These taxa were followed by a cluster composed of Mollusca (3,567 species), Platyhelminthes (2,292 species), Annelida (1,833 species), and Nematoda (1,447 species). All remaining groups had less than 1,000 species reported in Brazil, with Cnidaria (831 species), Porifera (628 species), Rotifera (606 species), and Bryozoa (520 species) representing those with more than 500 species. Analysis of the CTFB database can facilitate and direct efforts towards the discovery of new species in Brazil, but it is also fundamental in providing the best available list of valid nominal species to users, including those in science, health, conservation efforts, and any initiative involving animals. The importance of the CTFB is evidenced by the elevated number of citations in the scientific literature in diverse areas of biology, law, anthropology, education, forensic science, and veterinary science, among others

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora

Growing knowledge: an overview of Seed Plant diversity in Brazil

Abstract An updated inventory of Brazilian seed plants is presented and offers important insights into the country's biodiversity. This work started in 2010, with the publication of the Plants and Fungi Catalogue, and has been updated since by more than 430 specialists working online. Brazil is home to 32,086 native Angiosperms and 23 native Gymnosperms, showing an increase of 3% in its species richness in relation to 2010. The Amazon Rainforest is the richest Brazilian biome for Gymnosperms, while the Atlantic Rainforest is the richest one for Angiosperms. There was a considerable increment in the number of species and endemism rates for biomes, except for the Amazon that showed a decrease of 2.5% of recorded endemics. However, well over half of Brazillian seed plant species (57.4%) is endemic to this territory. The proportion of life-forms varies among different biomes: trees are more expressive in the Amazon and Atlantic Rainforest biomes while herbs predominate in the Pampa, and lianas are more expressive in the Amazon, Atlantic Rainforest, and Pantanal. This compilation serves not only to quantify Brazilian biodiversity, but also to highlight areas where there information is lacking and to provide a framework for the challenge faced in conserving Brazil's unique and diverse flora