Evaluation of some respiratory functions of Kyrgyz National Team Athletes before 2016 Summer Olympic Games

In this study, some respiratory functions of athletes from four different sport branches who constitute Kyrgyzstan National Team have been examined. To research, 9 Greco-Roman style wrestlers (24±4,5years), 10 freestyle wrestlers (22,10±3,21 years), 8 judoists (23,6±1,89 years), 8 male athletes (22,29±2.87 years) and 3 female athletes (21.67±2.08 years) totally 35 male and 3 female national athletes have been included. Forced vital capacities (FVC), forced ventilation volumes (FEV1) and peak expiratory flow (PEF) which connected the respiratory levels of the athletes have been measured in preparation stage before 2016 Summer Olympic Games. By being performed istatistical evaluation by SPSS 21.0, it was usedthe computer package program. “One Way ANOVA” test an identifying the differences between the groups and the differences at (P<0,05) level have been accepted as significant. FVC values taken from Judoists were similar to those of male athletes (p>0,05) and significantly higher than other branches (p<0,05). FVC levels of wrestling and athletic athletes reflected similar results (p>0,05). When PEF levels examined, the results of judo and male athletes have been found statistically similar (p>0,05). PEF scores of Greco-Roman wrestling, freestyle wrestling and female athletes have not been found statistically different (p>0,05). FEV1 results of the judoists have been found similar to those of the Greco-Roman style wrestlers (p>0,05) while these results have been found significantly higher than the results of freestyle wrestling and athletic athletes (p<0,05). As a result, Judo athletes' FVC, PEF and FEV1 levels have been found better than other branches involved in the study

AN OLD HORSE SPORTS IN CENTRAL ASIAN TURKISH COMMUNITIES: UKURUK SALMAKTYY- QURIKS- EMDIK UREDISH

Amaç: Bu çalışmada Türk halklarının Orta Asya bozkırlarında yabani ve yarı yabani atları yakalayarak ehlileştirme iş eyleminden kaynaklanan geleneksel atlı spor incelenecektir. Üç dönüşüm ve oluşum geçiren bu sporun ilk aşaması “Ukuruk-Salmay”, ikinci aşaması “Qurık” ve üçüncü aşaması “Emdik-Ürediş”tir. Oyunun bu son adını Altay Türkleri 30 yıldır (1988-2018) her çiftli yıllarda bir yaptıkları “El-oyun” festivalinde resmî olarak kullanmaktadırlar. Bu oyuna başından buyana iştirak eden Tuva, Hakas, Saka Şor, Teleüt, Tofa, Telengit, Telüt, Çulum, Dolgan, Dukha, Sibirya Tararları vb. Sibirya Türk halkları tarafından da biraz değişik lehçelerlede olsa aynı şekilde isimlendirilir. Yöntem: Literatür taraması yapılmakla birlikte niteliksel yaklaşım içinde yer alan modellerden betimsel araştırma ve karşılaştırma yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma, Sibirya coğrafyasını da içine alan Orta Asya Türk halklarını kapsamaktadır. Bulgular: Türk halklarının yabani atı evcilleştirme aşamasında zorunlu olarak ortaya çıkmış, bir atlı oyundur. Dolayısıyla Türk-Moğol halklarının at ile yapılan spor türlerinden ilkidir. Araştırmanın amacı; Türk spor kültüründe baş öneme sahip atlı oyun ve sporları geçirdiği devinimlerle birlikte gün yüzüne çıkarıp, Türk ve dünya spor literatürüne kazandırmaktır. Sonuç: Geleneksel atlı sporun ilk versiyonu ukuruk-salmay, daha ziyade Kırgızların kullandığı ve hala nadir olarak yaylalarda yapmakta olunan bir atlı oyundur. İkincisi qurık, Türk halklarının yaylalara konduklarında iki yaşındaki tayların sırtına ilk eyer koymak için düzenledikleri bir oyun ritüelidir. Üçüncüsü emdik-ürediş ise Sibirya Türk halklarında hala aktif bir yarışma şeklinde yapılmakta olduğu görülmüştür. Bu oyunun kökü insanın çalışma hayatından gelmiş ve sonradan halk eğlencesi ve yarış şeklinde devam etmiştir.Purpose: This study examines the traditional equestrian sport of Turkish communities arising from the domestication action of catching wild and semi-wild horses in the steppes of Central Asia. The first stage of this sport, which experienced three transformations and formations, is “Ukuruk-Salmay”, the second stage is “Qurık” and the third stage is “Emdik-Uredish”. This traditionally sport seems modern Rodeo. This last name of game for 30 years, (1988-2018) every couple of years has been used officially at the “El-oyun” festival by the Altai Turks. Since the beginning this game is named by Tuva, Hakas, Saka Shor, Teleut, Tofa, Telengit, Telut, Chulum, Dolgan, Dukha and Siberian Tatars participants. Method: In addition to literature review, descriptive research and comparison method was used. The research covers the Turkish peoples of Central Asia including Siberian geography. Findings: It is an equestrian game that emerged as a necessity during the domestication of the wild horse by Turkish people. Therefore, it is the first type of sport of Turkish-Mongolian people with horses. Purpose of research, the aim of this course is to bring the equestrian games and sports, which have a major importance in Turkish sports, to Turkish and World sports literature. Conclusion: The first version of the Traditional equestrian sport “Ukuruk-Salmay” is game, which still rarely used in the highlands mostly by the Kyrgyz. Secondly, “Qurık” is a ritual of play organized by two-year old horses to put the first saddle on horseback when Turkish people come to the highlands. Thirdly, “Emdik-Uredish” is still current competition in the Siberian Turkish people. The root of this game came from the working life of the people and later continued in the form of public entertainment and racing

CULTURAL PEDAGOGY OF TRADITIONAL WRESTLING OF TURKISH PEOPLE

Amaç: Bu çalışma, Türk halkları geleneksel güreşlerinde ki fiziki, fikri ve ahlaki pedagojisini inceleyecektir. Metot: Bu çalışmada literatür taraması yapılmıştır. Türkiye dışındaki Türk ülkelerinin kaynakları da taranmıştır. Bulgular: İnsanlığın Paleolitik tarih öncesi derinliklerinde doğan güreş, günümüze kadar sayısız formda ve tüm kültürlerde hayatta kaldı. Bunu yapmış olması, insanın özünde bir kişinin bir başkasına üstünlük kazanma zorunluluğunu gerektiren fizikselliğin ifadelerine anlam katması için yaygın bir eğilim göstermesidir. Bu eğilimlerin kültürel ve pedagojik unsurları nasıl ve nelerdi? Günümüz sporcu eğitimine ne gibi katkısı olabilir sorusuna yanıt aramak amaçlandı. Çalışmada niteliksel yaklaşım içinde yer alan modellerden betimsel tanımlama ve karşılaştırma yöntemi kullanıldı. Merkezine M.M. Bakhtin’in “Tvorchestvo Fransua…” çalışmasını alan bu araştırma, Türk halkları ile sınırlandırıldı. Sonuç olarak; Bozkır-göçebe hayatı yaşayan kadim Türkler, doğası gereği güçlü, mücadeleci ve dayanıklı olmak zorundaydı. Fiziki olduğu kadar fikri ve ahlaki yönden de kollektif bilince ulaşmalıydı. Bu şekilde yetişmesi için elbette atalarından eğitim almasını gerektirmekteydi. Sonuç: Tüm bu yönleriyle yetişen insanlara “alp” denilmekteydi. XII. Yüzyılda yerini Farsça “pehlivan” terimine bırakan “alplik”, dokuz koşullu seküler ve yine dokuz koşullu manevi dünya kazanımını hak etmesiydi. Türk güreş geleneğinden gelen bu kültürel pedagojilerin bir kısmının çağdaş spor eğitimine katkı sağladığı görüldü. Pehlivanların güreşin kurallarına adapta olmalarından zor olmayacak bu kaybolan milli niteliklerini tekrar yerine konulmasını öneririz.Purpose: This study will examine the physical, intellectual and moral pedagogy of Turkish people in traditional wrestling. Method: In this study, literature review was made. Turkey is scanned at literatürü of the country except Turkey. Findings: Born deep in humankind‘s Palaeolithic prehistory, wrestling has survived, in innumerable forms and in virtually all cultures, down to the present day. That it has done so speaks to the widespread propensity for human beings to attach meaning to expressions of physicality that, at their core, necessitate the struggle of one person to gain mastery over another. What were the cultural and pedagogical elements of these trends? It is aimed to answer the question of what kind of contribution it can make to the sportsman training. Descriptive identification and comparison method were used among the models included in the qualitative approach. Get the “Tvorchestvo Fransua…” study of M.M. Bakhtin to the center, it was limited to Turkish peoples. As a result; the ancient Turks, who lived the steppe-nomadic life, had to be strong, challenging and durable by nature. He had to reach the collective consciousness as well as the intellectual and moral aspects. In order to be raised in this way, he would of course require training from his ancestors. Conclusion: XII. Century Persian “pehlewan” to the term leaving "alplik", it was the right of nine conditional seculars and another nine conditional spiritual worlds. Some of these cultural pedagogies from the Turkish wrestling tradition will contribute to contemporary sports education. We recommend that these lost national qualities be replaced by wrestlers, which will not be difficult for them to adapt to the rules of wrestling

Evaluation of some respiratory functions of Kyrgyz National Team Athletes before 2016 Summer Olympic Games

In this study, some respiratory functions of athletes from four different sport branches who constitute Kyrgyzstan National Team have been examined. To research, 9 Greco-Roman style wrestlers (24±4,5years), 10 freestyle wrestlers (22,10±3,21 years), 8 judoists (23,6±1,89 years), 8 male athletes (22,29±2.87 years) and 3 female athletes (21.67±2.08 years) totally 35 male and 3 female national athletes have been included. Forced vital capacities (FVC), forced ventilation volumes (FEV1) and peak expiratory flow (PEF) which connected the respiratory levels of the athletes have been measured in preparation stage before 2016 Summer Olympic Games. By being performed istatistical evaluation by SPSS 21.0, it was used the computer package program. “One Way ANOVA” test an identifying the differences between the groups and the differences at (P0,05) and significantly higher than other branches (p<0,05). FVC levels of wrestling and athletic athletes reflected similar results (p>0,05). When PEF levels examined, the results of judo and male athletes have been found statistically similar (p>0,05). PEF scores of Greco-Roman wrestling, freestyle wrestling and female athletes have not been found statistically different (p>0,05). FEV1 results of the judoists have been found similar to those of the Greco-Roman style wrestlers (p>0,05) while these results have been found significantly higher than the results of freestyle wrestling and athletic athletes (p<0,05). As a result, Judo athletes' FVC, PEF and FEV1 levels have been found better than other branches involved in the study

Seasonal Changes in Body Fat Ratios of Elite Athletes

In this study, the changes in the body fat percentage (BFP) of 38 athletes prepared for Kyrgyzstan National Team qualification competitions before 2016 Summer Olympic Games have been examined within the scope of the Project (BAP) during one season training period. The study has been applied out on 35 male and 3 female national athletes including 9 male Greco-Roman style wrestlers (24±4.5 years), 10 male freestyle wrestlers (22.10±3.21 years), 8 male judokas (23.6±1.89 years), 8 male athletes (29±2.87 years) and 3 female athletes (21.67±2.08 years).The body fat ratios (BFRs) of the participating athletes have been measured totally 3 times, immediately before the 6 month training period, 3 months later and 6 months after the period. In order to determine body fat percentage, skinfold thicknesses have been measured with HOLTAIN brand skinfold caliper and the body fat percentages have been determined according to the LANGE formula. The statistical evaluation of the findings has been carried out by SPSS 21.0 computer package program and the arithmetic mean and standard deviation of all parameters have been calculated. Differences in (P0.05). However, each measurement has been determined numerically lower than the previous one. The lowest average of women athletes has been observed in the second measures. Conclusion; Although each measure in body fat percentages of wrestlers and judokas has not been found statistically significant with respect to the previous measurement, the low reflectance has been interpreted as a conscious body weight loss for adjusting the weight for the athletes who were competitors as they approached the competition period