A database of freshwater fish species of the Amazon Basin

The Amazon Basin is an unquestionable biodiversity hotspot, containing the highest freshwater biodiversity on earth and facing off a recent increase in anthropogenic threats. The current knowledge on the spatial distribution of the freshwater fish species is greatly deficient in this basin, preventing a comprehensive understanding of this hyper-diverse ecosystem as a whole. Filling this gap was the priority of a transnational collaborative project, i.e. the AmazonFish project - https://www.amazon-fish.com/. Relying on the outputs of this project, we provide the most complete fish species distribution records covering the whole Amazon drainage. The database, including 2,406 validated freshwater native fish species, 232,936 georeferenced records, results from an extensive survey of species distribution including 590 different sources (e.g. published articles, grey literature, online biodiversity databases and scientific collections from museums and universities worldwide) and field expeditions conducted during the project. This database, delivered at both georeferenced localities (21,500 localities) and sub-drainages grains (144 units), represents a highly valuable source of information for further studies on freshwater fish biodiversity, biogeography and conservation

Caracterização morfológica dos representantes do gênero Ituglanis (Siluriformes, Trichomycteridae) da bacia Amazônica brasileira

This project aimed to contribute for a better taxonomic understanding of the species of the genus Ituglanis, Trichomycteridae (Siluriformes) occurring in the Brazilian Amazon. The genus occurs in all the large drainages in South America. However, only two species were registered to occur in Central Amazon, Ituglanis amazonicus and I. parkoi, both described based in only one specimen. In this thesis, these species are redescribed based on a larger number of specimens of I. amazonicus, providing information on morphological variation, and on the holotype and X-ray images for I. parkoi. As the major results, four new morphotypes were determined for the Brazilian Amazon herein proposed as new species and the geographic distribution of the genus was widened for several drainages in the Amazon . Ituglanis sp. n. ‘tapajos’ presented a color pattern of difuse blotches; autopalatine with a slight concavity on its mesial margin; pelvic-fin rays not covering anus and urogenital opening; 43- 45 vertebrae and frontal fontanel absent. Ituglanis sp. n. ‘dardanelos’ presented 4-5 pairs of pleural ribs; 38-40 vertebrae; color pattern with dense cromatophore irradiation sometimes forming longitudinal lines on the dorsum and frontal fontanel absent. Ituglanis sp. n. ‘xingu’ is characterized by a color pattern of big and coalescing blotches densely covering the dorsum, blotches also on ventral surface and supraoccipital fontanel rectangular. Ituglanis sp. n. ‘morena’ is characterized by presenting three pores on lateral line (II1, II2 and II3); many vertebrae (51) and anus and urogenital papillae located closer to anal-fin base than to tip of pelvic–fin rays.Este trabalho tem como objetivo contribuir para um melhor conhecimento taxonômico das espécies do gênero Ituglanis, (Siluriformes, Trichomycteridae) que ocorrem na bacia Amazônica Brasileira. O gênero ocorre em todas as grandes drenagens da América do Sul. Atualmente são conhecidas apenas duas espécies válidas para Amazônia central, Ituglanis amazonicus e Ituglanis parkoi, ambas descritas com base em um único exemplar. Neste trabalho, estas espécies são redescritas usando-se um maior número de exemplares da espécie I. amazonicus, ampliando, assim, sua variação morfológica e, no caso de I. parkoi, através de material tipo e imagens de raio-x. Como principais resultados, foram determinados novos morfotipos para a região amazônica descritos aqui como quatro novas espécies e a distribuição geográfica do gênero foi ampliada para varias drenagens na bacia Amazônica. Ituglanis sp. n. “tapajós” apresentou um padrão de coloração com máculas difusas; autopalatino com uma leve concavidade em sua margem mesial; raios da nadadeira pélvica não cobrindo o ânus e a papila urogenital; 43-45 vértebras e ausência de fontanela frontal. Ituglanis sp. n. “dardanelos” possui 4-5 pares de costelas pleurais, 38-40 vértebras , padrão de coloração mosqueado com máculas coalescente no dorso formando linhas longitudinais em alguns exemplares e ausência de fontanela frontal. Ituglanis sp. n. “xingu” é caracterizado por possuir um padrão de coloração com máculas grandes e coalescentes cobrindo densamente a região dorsal, máculas também encontradas na região ventral; fontanela supraoccipital retangular. Ituglanis sp. n. “morena” é caracterizado por apresentar três poros na linha lateral II1, II2 e II3; elevado número de vértebras, 51, e ânus e papila urogenital localizados mais próximo da base da nadadeira anal do que a extremidade dos raios da nadadeira pélvica

Stream ichthyofauna of the Tapajós National Forest, Pará, Brazil

The fish fauna of freshwater streams in the Tapajos National Forest was surveyed and a list of species is presented. The sampling was conducted from 2012 to 2013 during the dry season. Fish were collected with dip nets and seine nets in 22 streams of 1st to 3rd order. Sampling resulted in 3035 specimens belonging to 117 species, 27 families and six orders. The most abundant species were Bryconops aff. melanurus, Hemigrammus belottii, and Hemigrammus analis. Four undescribed species were recognized, one of which is known only from the area of this study. A significant dissimilarity was observed in fish species composition among drainage systems. This is the first survey of the stream ichthyofauna in the Tapajós National Forest, and it presents relevant information for future studies and decision-making in the management and conservation of fish fauna in this conservation unit

A new species of Knodus (Characiformes: Characidae) from the Rio Cupari drainage, lower Rio Tapajós basin, Brazil

A new species of Knodus is described from the rio Cupari drainage, a tributary from the right margin of the lower rio Tapajós, Pará State, Brazil. The new species differs from its congeners, except K. geryi, by having a dark basal blotch on each caudal fin lobe (vs. caudal fin lobes with sparse chromatophores, lacking basal blotches) and, with the exception of K. borki, K. heteresthes, and K. pasco, by having 10-12 scales around the caudal peduncle (vs. 13-15). Copyright © 2020 Magnolia Pres