Melatonin treatment affects leptin and nesfatin-1 levels but not orexin-a levels in rem sleep deprived rats

Sleep contributes to the energy balance of body. This study aims to investigate how rapid eye movement (REM) sleep deprivation (SD) or recovery sleep affects rat weight and the serum levels of Nesfatin-1, Orexin-A, and Leptin; additionally, seeks to determine the impact of melatonin administration on these parameters. Male, Sprague Dawley rats were randomized into two groups (n=9). REMSD was induced using the modified multiple platform method (MMPM). Melatonin was used as a treatment (20 mg/kg). Study Group I was created to investigate the effectiveness of the treatment during REMSD. Study Group II was established to analyze the possible therapeutic role of melatonin and recovery sleep after REMSD-induced damage. The rats" weights were recorded during the experiments. Blood samples were collected from all rats via decapitation after experiments. The levels of serum Nesfatin-1, Orexin-A, and Leptin were analyzed using the ELISA method. REMSD affected weight of the rats and altered the levels of serum Nesfatin-1 and Leptin. Melatonin administration influenced weight gain and affected Nesfatin-1 and Leptin levels. REMSD or melatonin did not affect Orexin-A levels. REMSD and melatonin play significant roles in the body"s energy balance. This study will contribute to elucidating the role of SD in metabolic processes and will play a role in assessing the impact of melatonin, a commonly used treatment in human and veterinary medicine

Učinci različitih sredstava za izbjeljivanje na boju i translucenciju različitih smolastih kompozitnih materijala

Objectives: To examine the effects of different whitening agents on the color and translucency of different resin composites, in vitro. Material and methods: A total of 315 specimens (10.0×2.0 mm) were fabricated from two microhybrid (G-aenial anterior [G-Ant] ) and (G-aenial posterior [G-Post]) and a nano hybrid (G-aenial A’CHORD [ G-ACH]) resin composites and each group was randomly distributed into seven experimental groups (n=15) as follows; 1- control (C); 2- in-office whitening agent (IOW); 3- at-home whitening agent (AHW); 4- prefilled tray (PT); 5- whitening pen (WP); 6- whitening toothpaste (WT) and 7- whitening mouthwash (WMW). The specimens were subjected to staining except control group before application of the different whitening procedures. The color of specimens was measured after 24 h (T 0 ), after staining (T 1 ) and after whitening (T 2 ). Color change [CIEDE2000 (ΔE 00 )], translucency parameter (TP) values and changes in whiteness index (WI D ) were calculated. Data were analyzed statistically (p0.05), whereas a significant difference was observed at T 2 (p 0,05), a značajna je razlika uočena na T 2 (p < 0,005). AHW i IOW prouzročili su veću promjenu boje nego PT, WP, WT i WMR. Značajne promjene TP-a uočene su nakon primjene IOW-a i AHW-a u G-Antu. Zaključak: Učinak proizvoda za izbjeljivanje na indeks izbjeljivanja, boju i translucenciju kompozitnih smola ovisi o materijalu i podlozi

Surface Gloss, Radiopacity and Shear Bond Strength of Contemporary Universal Composite Resins

The surface gloss, radiopacity and enamel/dentin shear bond strengths (SBS)s of five commercially available contemporary universal composite resins (CR)s were examined. The tested universal CRs were as follows: G-aenial A’CHORD (GA), Charisma Diamond (CD), Neo SpectraTMST(NS), Filtek(F) and Estelite Asteria(EA). Twelve cylindrical specimens per group were fabricated and gloss measurements were performed using a gloss meter after polishing and darkening. Five specimens of each group were radiographed using a CMOS sensor alongside an aluminum stepwedge, human enamel and dentin. The mean gray values were measured with a computer program. A total of 120 bonded human enamel and dentin specimens were subjected to SBS test. To analyze surface gloss, radiopacity and SBS we used Kruskall–Wallis, Wilcoxon signed rank, Welch tests and one-way ANOVA. Games–Howell, Tukey’s HSD tests, and Dunn’s multiple comparisons were used for multiple comparisons (p p p p < 0.001). The SBS ranking varied for enamel and dentin, and the adhesive failure was detected at a higher rate. Commercially available contemporary universal CRs display different surface gloss, radiopacity and SBS properties

HISTOPATHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN TESTIS OF THE SWORDTAIL FISH, Xiphophorus helleri (Pisces: Poecilidae) EXPOSED TO DELTAMETHRIN

This experiment was done in order to investigate the effects of deltamethrin on the testis tissue of swordtail fish. In this study, 90 swordtail fishes were examined in 2 experimental groups. Low (0.2 ppm) and high (0.4 ppm) sublethal doses of deltamethrin were added into the habitat of fishes which were sacrified after 72 hours. Tissues were dissected out, fixed in Bouin's fixative, stained with Hematoksilen & Eosin, and examined using light microscopy. It is observed that a low dose of deltamethrin in the testis of swordtail does not generate structural defect characteristics. Depending on increasing doses, numbers of mature sperm were significantly reduced, and degenerative changes in seminiferous tubules were observed. In conclusion, we can say that pesticide contamination affects the quality of sperm significantly

Antibacterial Activity and Biofilm Inhibition of New-Generation Hybrid/Fluoride-Releasing Restorative Materials

The antibacterial activity, and the effect of the application of additional topical fluoride on the bacterial activity, biofilm formation, and surface roughness of new-generation hybrid/fluoride-releasing materials were investigated. Two hundred and forty specimens were prepared in split Teflon molds (8 × 2 mm) from a resin composite (as negative control: G-aenial A’Chord/GC), Equia Forte HT Fil(GC), Equia Forte HT Fil+Equia Forte Coat, Riva Self-Cure (SDI), Riva Self-Cure+Equia Forte Coat, Zirconomer (Shofu), Beautifil II (Shofu), and Riva Silver (Shofu). Penicillin G,1U was used as positive control. The antibacterial activity was evaluated by the agar diffusion test immediately after the materials set using Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and Lactobacillus casei (L. casei), and repeated after application of 0.20% w/w (900 ppm) topical fluoride. The biofilm formation of S. mutans on each material was quantified by crystal violet staining. Surface roughness of the specimens was measured by a profilometer. The data were analyzed by Kruskal–Wallis, Dunn’s, one-way ANOVA, and Tukey’s HSD tests (p < 0.05). None of the tested restorative materials showed antibacterial activity and no inhibition zones were observed after treatment of the restoratives with additional topical fluoride. There were significant differences among the groups in terms of biofilm formation (p < 0.005). Equia Forte HT Fil with and without coating showed the lowest, while Riva self-cure without coating and Zirconomer showed the highest biofilm accumulation. None of the new-generation hybrid/fluoride-releasing materials demonstrated antibacterial activity and additional topical fluoride application did not make any change. Biofilm formation of the tested materials differed. All tested materials showed different surface roughness values (p < 0.005). Characteristics and compositions of the materials seemed to be more effective than the surface roughness

Considerations for professionalism of nursing students in clinical practices

2nd International Congress of Nursing (ICON) -- APR 13-15, 2018 -- Marmara Univ, Fac Hlth Sci, Dept Nursing, Istanbul, TURKEYWOS: 000449692200004This is a descriptive study that aims to determine the factors affecting the professional behaviour of nursing students in clinical applications. The survey was conducted between 20 September and 20 December 2017 with the participation of 274 students studying in the Nursing Department of Health Sciences Faculty of a University. The data were collected using a questionnaire consisting of 18 questions and Nursing Students Professional Behaviours Scale (NSPBS). The mean age of the nursing students participated in the study was 20.67 +/- 1.88 years and 81.8% of the students were female while 18.2% were male. Of them, 78.5% loved their profession, 60.9% chose their profession willingly, 67.5% did not want to change their profession and 9.5% of them were members of professional associations and followed professional publications. The mean score of NSPBS was determined to be 122 (29-135). Hence, the nursing students' ability to perform professional behaviours was found to be high

The Impact of Education About Cervical Cancer and Human Papillomavirus on Women's Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors and Beliefs Using the PRECEDE Educational Model

WOS: 000460400000009PubMed: 29461283Background Early detection of cervical cancer improves the chances of successful treatment. Objective The aim of this study was to determine the effect of education about cervical cancer and human papillomavirus on the healthy lifestyle, behavior, and beliefs of Turkish women who were without cancer, using the PRECEDE education model. Methods This qualitative and quantitative study was conducted as a prospective, randomized, 2-group (intervention and control) trial at a community training center in north Turkey. A total of 156 Turkish women who were without cancer participated in this study. The semistructured interview form, the SF-36 Health Status Questionnaire, the Health Belief Model Scale for Cervical Cancer and Pap Smear Test, and the Healthy Lifestyle Behavior Scale II were used. Results The subdimension scores of the Health Belief Model Scale for Cervical Cancer and Pap Smear Test were found to be higher among women in the study group (cervical cancer seriousness, P = .001; health motivation, P = .001) as compared with the control group after the education program. The SF-36 Health Status Questionnaire domain scores for physical role limitations, mental role limitations, and general health perceptions increased in the study group after the intervention. Conclusion The posteducation health motivation of women in the study group was improved, the women's perceptions of obstacles to Papanicolaou testing decreased, and through increased knowledge and awareness, the rate of Papanicolaou testing increa[214S560]This project, no. 214S560, was supported by TZBITAK

A case with a ring chromosome 22

Ring chromosome 22, a rare cytogenetic finding, was first described in 1968, and since then about 60 patients have been reported. We describe a new patient with ring chromosome 22 syndrome and discuss the common features of the previously reported cases. Our patient had the major features of this syndrome including mental retardation, hypotonia, motor delay, microcephaly, dysplastic large ears, lack of speech, and hyperactivity disorder. Magnetic resonance imaging findings also revealed an arachnoid cyst, found in the posterior cerebellum. In patients with ring chromosome 22, variable clinical manifestations may be seen due to the size of lost sequences near the telomere. By fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) technique, LSI DiGeorge/VCFS/ARSA locus-specific probes are used to detect deleted sequences. We found that 22q11.2 regions were intact on both chromosomes 22, but 22q13.3 (Arylsulfatase A; ARSA region) was absent in the ring chromosome. As far as we know this is the first reported Turkish patient in the literature

Exploring the Larvicidal and Repellent Potential of Taurus Cedar (<i>Cedrus libani</i>) Tar against the Brown Dog Tick (<i>Rhipicephalus sanguineus</i> sensu lato)

This study investigated the potential acaricidal and repellent effects of tar obtained from the Lebanon cedar (Cedrus libani A. Rich.) against the brown dog tick species Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato Latreille (Acari: Ixodidae). The goal was to find an alternative, safe, and effective way to eliminate ticks. Tar is traditionally extracted from cedar trees in the Antalya region of Türkiye. The composition of the tar is primarily characterized by a diverse mixture of terpenes, with β-himachalene (29.16%), α-atlantone (28.7%), ar-turmerone (8.82%), longifolene-(V4) (6.66%), α-himachalene (5.28%), and β-turmerone (5.12%) emerging as the predominant constituents. The toxic effects of tar on tick larvae were studied through larval immersion tests (LIT), and its repellent activity was evaluated using a new larval repellent activity test (LRAT). The results revealed significant acaricidal effects, with mortality rates of 77.7% and 82.2% for the Konyaalti and Kepez strains of the brown dog tick, respectively, in response to a 1% concentration of tar. LC50 and LC90 values were determined as 0.47% and 1.52% for the Kepez strain and 0.58% and 1.63% for the Konyaalti strain, respectively. When comparing the repellent effect of tar to the widely used synthetic repellent DEET, repellency rates of up to 100% were observed. As a result, this study establishes, for the first time, the larvicidal and repellent effects of C. libani tar on ticks