Results of Neurofeedback in Treatment of Children with ADHD: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most prevalent disorders in children and adolescents. Neurofeedback, a nonpharmaceutical treatment, has shown promising results. To review the evidence of efficacy of neurofeedback as a treatment for children and adolescents with ADHD. A systematic review of the specific scientific studies published in 1995–2021, identifying and analyzing randomized controlled trials (RCT). A total of 1636 articles were identified and 165 met inclusion criteria, of which 67 were RCTs. Neurofeedback training was associated with significant long-term reduction in symptoms of ADHD. Though limitations exist regarding conclusions about the specific effects of neurofeedback, the review documents improvements in school, social, and family environments.Plan Nacional i+d+i (National Research, Development and Innovation Program) PSI2008–06008-C02–0

Influence of IL28B Polymorphisms on Response to a Lower-Than-Standard Dose peg-IFN-α 2a for Genotype 3 Chronic Hepatitis C in HIV-Coinfected Patients

Background: Data on which to base definitive recommendations on the doses and duration of therapy for genotype 3 HCV/HIV-coinfected patients are scarce. We evaluated the efficacy of a lower peginterferon-α 2a dose and a shorter duration of therapy than the current standard of care in genotype 3 HCV/HIV-coinfected patients. Methods and Findings: Pilot, open-label, single arm clinical trial which involved 58 Caucasian HCV/HIV-coinfected patients who received weekly 135 μg peginterferon-α 2a plus ribavirin 400 mg twice daily during 20 weeks after attaining undetectable viremia. The relationships between baseline patient-related variables, including IL28B genotype, plasma HCV-RNA, ribavirin dose/kg, peginterferon-α 2a and ribavirin levels with virological responses were analyzed. Only 4 patients showed lack of response and 5 patients dropped out due to adverse events related to the study medication. Overall, sustained virologic response (SVR) rates were 58.3% by intention-to-treat and 71.4% by per protocol analysis, respectively. Among patients with rapid virologic response (RVR), SVR and relapses rates were 92.6% and 7.4%, respectively. No relationships were observed between viral responses and ribavirin dose/kg, peginterferon-α 2a concentrations, ribavirin levels or rs129679860 genotype. Conclusions: Weekly 135 μg pegIFN-α 2a could be as effective as the standard 180 μg dose, with a very low incidence of severe adverse events. A 24-week treatment duration appears to be appropriate in patients achieving RVR, but extending treatment up to just 20 weeks beyond negativization of viremia is associated with a high relapse rate in those patients not achieving RVR. There was no influence of IL28B genotype on the virological responses. © 2012 López-Cortés et al.Funding provided by Fundación Pública Andaluza para la gestión de la Investigación en Salud de Sevilla. Hospitales Universitarios Virgen del Rocío. Seville, Spain. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay Hu-INF-α kits for determination of pegIFN-α-2a were financed by Roche Pharma, S.A. (Spain).Peer Reviewe

Psicothema

Resumen tomado de la publicaciónLa validez externa del Tempo Cognitivo Lento frente a la inatención en medidas comportamentales, de interacción social y de rendimiento académico. Antecedentes: El objetivo principal del presente trabajo ha sido replicar datos de la validez externa de la dimensión Tempo Cognitivo Lento (TCL), frente a inatención del TDAH (IN), con la versión española de la medida del TCL del Child and Adolescent Behavior Inventory (CABI) [Cuestionario sobre el Comportamiento de Niños] (Burns et al., 2015). Método: 273 madres y 255 padres evaluaron a sus hijos entre 9 y 13 años en TCL, IN y otras medidas internalizadas, externalizadas, de dificultades académicas e interacción social del CABI. Resultados: La relación de TCL con las medidas externalizadas, al contrario de IN, fue prácticamente nula, en cambio ambas medidas se relacionaron con las medidas internalizadas y de interacción social. La capacidad predictiva única de TCL e IN fue significativa y similar sobre las medidas internalizadas, excepto en el caso de timidez, donde TCL fue superior y, en cambio, en las medidas externalizadas fue superior IN. Conclusiones: Los datos replican en gran parte los resultados previos: el TCL, a pesar de su relación con IN, es capaz de predecir una parte significativa de problemas de ansiedad, depresión y timidez excesiva y, en cambio, al contrario de IN, resulta una medida protectora para los problemas externalizados.ES

Cross-sectional association between non-soy legume consumption, serum uric acid and hyperuricemia: the PREDIMED-Plus study

[Purpose]: To assess the association between the consumption of non-soy legumes and different subtypes of non-soy legumes and serum uric acid (SUA) or hyperuricemia in elderly individuals with overweight or obesity and metabolic syndrome. [Methods]:A cross-sectional analysis was conducted in the framework of the PREDIMED-Plus study. We included 6329 participants with information on non-soy legume consumption and SUA levels. Non-soy legume consumption was estimated using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Linear regression models and Cox regression models were used to assess the associations between tertiles of non-soy legume consumption, different subtypes of non-soy legume consumption and SUA levels or hyperuricemia prevalence, respectively.[Results]: Individuals in the highest tertile (T3) of total non-soy legume, lentil and pea consumption, had 0.14 mg/dL, 0.19 mg/dL and 0.12 mg/dL lower SUA levels, respectively, compared to those in the lowest tertile (T1), which was considered the reference one. Chickpea and dry bean consumption showed no association. In multivariable models, participants located in the top tertile of total non-soy legumes [prevalence ratio (PR): 0.89; 95% CI 0.82–0.97; p trend = 0.01, lentils (PR: 0.89; 95% CI 0.82–0.97; p trend = 0.01), dry beans (PR: 0.91; 95% C: 0.84–0.99; p trend = 0.03) and peas (PR: 0.89; 95% CI 0.82–0.97; p trend = 0.01)] presented a lower prevalence of hyperuricemia (vs. the bottom tertile). Chickpea consumption was not associated with hyperuricemia prevalence.[Conclusions]: In this study of elderly subjects with metabolic syndrome, we observed that despite being a purine-rich food, non-soy legumes were inversely associated with SUA levels and hyperuricemia prevalence.The PREDIMED-Plus trial was supported by the official funding agency for biomedical research of the Spanish government, ISCIII, through the Fondo de Investigación para la Salud (FIS), which is co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund (four coordinated FIS projects led by J.S.-S. and J.Vid., including the following projects: PI13/00673, PI13/00492, PI13/00272, PI13/01123, PI13/00462, PI13/00233, PI13/02184, PI13/00728, PI13/01090, PI13/01056, PI14/01722, PI14/00636, PI14/00618, PI14/00696, PI14/01206, PI14/01919, PI14/00853, PI14/01374, PI14/00972, PI14/00728, PI14/01471, PI16/00473, PI16/00662, PI16/01873, PI16/01094, PI16/00501, PI16/00533, PI16/00381, PI16/00366, PI16/01522, PI16/01120, PI17/00764, PI17/01183, PI17/00855, PI17/01347, PI17/00525, PI17/01827, PI17/00532, PI17/00215, PI17/01441, PI17/00508, PI17/01732, and PI17/00926), the Especial Action Project entitled: Implementación y evaluación de una intervención intensiva sobre la actividad física Cohorte PREDIMED-Plus grant to J.S.-S., the European Research Council (Advanced Research Grant 2013–2018, 340918) to M.Á.M.-G., the Recercaixa Grant to J.S.-S. (2013ACUP00194), Grants from the Consejería de Salud de la Junta de Andalucía (PI0458/2013, PS0358/2016, and PI0137/2018), a Grant from the Generalitat Valenciana (PROMETEO/2017/017), a SEMERGEN Grant, and funds from the European Regional Development Fund (CB06/03). O.C. is supported by ISCIII Grant JR17/00022. M Rosa Bernal-Lopez was supported by “Miguel Servet Type I” program (CP15/00028) from the ISCIII-Madrid (Spain), cofinanced by the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional-FEDE

Aps Sustainable and Inclusive Social Volunteering: learning by doing a service stop the community (II)

El objetivo principal es consolidar el desarrollo de competencias genéricas y específicas que capacite a los y las participantes para transmitir la importancia de la Agenda 2030 en la universidad y la comunidad, desarrollando capacidades de reafirmación social para canalizar acciones encaminadas hacia los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS). A través de la metodología del Aprendizaje-Servicio se busca promover un encuentro para el trabajo conjunto, mediante la conexión entre la individualidad de las personas, el trabajo grupal y comunitario. Los fundamentos del Trabajo Social nos permitirán trabajar un enfoque de derechos, valores y compromiso. Además, se promoverá el desarrollo de habilidades para la vida desde la educación popular, la educación eco-social, el diseño universal del aprendizaje, los entornos inclusivos, la lectura fácil y los huertos eco-didácticos. En el proyecto participará un grupo de veinte voluntarios/as (estudiantes de grado y máster de la Facultad de Trabajo Social y personas externas con diversidad intelectual), puntualmente estudiantes de Bellas Artes y Estudios Estadísticos. Como Aprendizaje, las actividades formativas programadas buscan formar al voluntariado tanto en los ODS como en las capacidades comentadas anteriormente. Para su desarrollo, se contará con recursos de las entidades colaboradoras, tanto propias de la UCM como externas. Como Servicio a la Comunidad, se propondrá al voluntariado el reto de ser embajadores/as de los ODS, compartiendo su mensaje en la universidad y comunidad, desde el conocimiento científico y el reconocimiento a los demás (cultura, saberes y procesos distintos a los nuestros). La gestión operativa se realizará a tres niveles: equipo técnico, para el seguimiento y evaluación del proyecto; equipo de acompañamiento, para coordinar actividades con el voluntariado y garantizar cohesión grupal; y equipo de relaciones institucionales, para coordinar con entidades colaboradoras los espacios y agenda para las actividades con el voluntariado.The main objective is to consolidate the development of generic and specific skills that train the participants to convey the importance of the 2030 Agenda in the university and the community, developing capacities for social reaffirmation to channel actions aimed at the Sustainable Development Goals ( ODS). Through the Service-Learning methodology, it seeks to promote a meeting for joint work, through the connection between the individuality of people, group and community work. The foundations of Social Work will allow us to work on a focus on rights, values ​​and commitment. In addition, the development of life skills will be promoted from popular education, eco-social education, universal learning design, inclusive environments, easy reading and eco-didactic gardens. A group of twenty volunteers will participate in the project (undergraduate and master's students from the Faculty of Social Work and external people with intellectual diversity), occasionally students of Fine Arts and Statistical Studies. As Learning, the programmed training activities seek to train volunteers both in the SDGs and in the capacities mentioned above. For its development, there will be resources from collaborating entities, both from the UCM and from outside. As Community Service, the challenge of being ambassadors of the SDGs will be proposed to volunteers, sharing their message in the university and community, based on scientific knowledge and recognition of others (culture, knowledge and processes different from ours). Operational management will be carried out at three levels: technical team, for the monitoring and evaluation of the project; support team, to coordinate activities with volunteers and guarantee group cohesion; and institutional relations team, to coordinate with collaborating entities the spaces and agenda for volunteer activities.Depto. de Trabajo Social y Servicios SocialesFac. de Trabajo SocialTRUEServicio ApS. Universidad Complutense de Madridunpu

Evaluation of a quality improvement intervention to reduce anastomotic leak following right colectomy (EAGLE): pragmatic, batched stepped-wedge, cluster-randomized trial in 64 countries

Background Anastomotic leak affects 8 per cent of patients after right colectomy with a 10-fold increased risk of postoperative death. The EAGLE study aimed to develop and test whether an international, standardized quality improvement intervention could reduce anastomotic leaks. Methods The internationally intended protocol, iteratively co-developed by a multistage Delphi process, comprised an online educational module introducing risk stratification, an intraoperative checklist, and harmonized surgical techniques. Clusters (hospital teams) were randomized to one of three arms with varied sequences of intervention/data collection by a derived stepped-wedge batch design (at least 18 hospital teams per batch). Patients were blinded to the study allocation. Low- and middle-income country enrolment was encouraged. The primary outcome (assessed by intention to treat) was anastomotic leak rate, and subgroup analyses by module completion (at least 80 per cent of surgeons, high engagement; less than 50 per cent, low engagement) were preplanned. Results A total 355 hospital teams registered, with 332 from 64 countries (39.2 per cent low and middle income) included in the final analysis. The online modules were completed by half of the surgeons (2143 of 4411). The primary analysis included 3039 of the 3268 patients recruited (206 patients had no anastomosis and 23 were lost to follow-up), with anastomotic leaks arising before and after the intervention in 10.1 and 9.6 per cent respectively (adjusted OR 0.87, 95 per cent c.i. 0.59 to 1.30; P = 0.498). The proportion of surgeons completing the educational modules was an influence: the leak rate decreased from 12.2 per cent (61 of 500) before intervention to 5.1 per cent (24 of 473) after intervention in high-engagement centres (adjusted OR 0.36, 0.20 to 0.64; P < 0.001), but this was not observed in low-engagement hospitals (8.3 per cent (59 of 714) and 13.8 per cent (61 of 443) respectively; adjusted OR 2.09, 1.31 to 3.31). Conclusion Completion of globally available digital training by engaged teams can alter anastomotic leak rates. Registration number: NCT04270721 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov)