Manejo terapéutico para la hipomineralización incisivo molar por los cirujanos dentistas en la ciudad de Huancayo en el año 2019

Este estudio se realizó a 200 cirujanos dentistas de la ciudad de Huancayo que laboran en una institución privada o estatal, con o sin especialidad y con o sin capacitación del tema; para estimar el manejo terapéutico de la hipomineralización molar incisiva (HMI). Se les realizó una encuesta mediante un cuestionario que contenía 2 partes: perfil de práctica y manejo terapéutico. Este cuestionario se basa en el escrito según el discernimiento de Mathu-Muju y Wrigt (2006). La base de datos se ingresó al programa Microsoft Excel y se analizaron los datos mediante el software Stata® versión 14.0. Los resultados fueron que solo un 24.2% de los cirujanos dentistas en la ciudad de Huancayo realizan un buen tratamiento según la severidad de la lesión y el 91.9% no realiza un buen diagnóstico de la HMI; como conclusión, se ha observado que aún hay conceptos diferentes para realizar el tratamiento adecuado ante una pieza dental con este síndrome, porque no se realiza un correcto diagnóstico o desconocen otras alteraciones del esmalte dental. Sería conveniente ampliar la disponibilidad de información teórica y práctica sobre la HMI a todos los profesionales de atención bucal, incluso desde pregrado para realizar el tratamiento más cercano y adecuado en los pacientes

A green light-triggerable RGD peptide for photocontrolled targeted drug delivery: synthesis and photolysis studies

We describe for the first time the synthesis and photochemical properties of a coumarin-caged cyclic RGD peptide and demonstrate that uncaging can be efficiently performed with biologically compatible green light. This was accomplished by using a new dicyanocoumarin derivative (DEAdcCE) for the protection of the carboxyl function at the side chain of the aspartic acid residue, which was selected on the basis of Fmoc-tBu SPPS compatibility and photolysis efficiency. The shielding effect of a methyl group incorporated in the coumarin derivative near the ester bond linking both moieties in combination with the use of acidic additives such as HOBt or Oxyma during the basic Fmoc-removal treatment were found to be very effective for minimizing aspartimide-related side reactions. In addition, a conjugate between the dicyanocoumarin-caged cyclic RGD peptide and ruthenocene, which was selected as a metallodrug model cargo, has been synthesized and characterized. The fact that green-light triggered photoactivation can be efficiently performed both with the caged peptide and with its ruthenocenoyl bioconjugate reveals great potential for DEAdcCE-caged peptide sequences as selective drug carriers in the context of photocontrolled targeted anticancer strategies

Empirical Evidence of the Metacognitive Model of Rumination and Depression in Clinical and Nonclinical Samples: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Rumination is considered a cognitive vulnerability factor in the development and maintenance of depression. The metacognitive model of rumination and depression suggests that the development of rumination and its association with depression partly depends on metacognitive beliefs. Two metacognitive beliefs about rumination have been identified: positive beliefs about its utility and negative beliefs about the uncontrollability and its negative social consequences. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis aimed: (1) to analyze the associations between metacognitive beliefs and rumination and depression; (2) to test the metacognitive model, using a Two-Stage Structural Equation Modeling approach (TSSEM). Literature search retrieved 41 studies. These 41 studies (N = 10,607) were included in the narrative synthesis and meta-analysis, and 16 studies (N = 4477) were comprised for the TSSEM. Results indicated metacognitive beliefs are associated with rumination and depression. Measures on metacognitive beliefs about rumination indicated that positive beliefs showed moderate associations with rumination (r = 0.50), and low with depression (r = 0.27); whereas negative beliefs showed moderate associations with both rumination (r = 0.46) and depression (r = 0.49). These results were consistent across studies using different instruments to measure metacognitive beliefs, and in both clinical and nonclinical samples. Moreover, results of the TSSEM analyses showed that the metacognitive model had a good fit. In sum, our results are in line with the metacognitive model of rumination and depression, highlighting that metacognitive beliefs are relevant factors to understand why people ruminate and get depressed. Future directions and clinical implications are discussed