A discussion on child-friendly cities through a critique on the experience of the body

Social changes resulting a significant shift in philosophical thinking in the renaissance brought the idea of individuality to the forefront, radically changing the social requirements and desires of individuals, the ideas of freedom of all individuals collectively, their relations with society and their environments, and also their participation in urban life. As a result of the industrialization activities, wars and migrations experienced in the twentieth century, this direct participation of the individual in the urban space was negatively affected. Especially due to globalization, the changing physical appearance and quality of life of metropolitan cities have created disconnections in human interactions with the city and their bodily experience with the environment. Monetary system which have dominated urban life, has taken business life to the forefront separating the residential fabric from the zones where business life develops, and accordingly lively streets have been surrendered to motor vehicles over time. One of the social groups most affected by these changes, is the young generation. The cities where the scale has changed radically, the sacrificed areas were usually the recreational environments, and children's play areas. Within this context, it is also mentioned in the literature that adults (politicians, planners, and municipalities) easily ignore the fact that cities are also for children; the developmental characteristics of young people, their needs for age, play and experience necessary for their healthy growths are ignored. Therefore, it should be admitted that cities should have a lot to offer children. It is necessary to organize the streets, to plan the transit routes of motor vehicles, redefine new speed limits, and re-evaluate the streets to make them pedestrian-friendly again taking into account the possibility of danger to children. So, as a part of the theoretical background discussed in the context of environment and behavior theories, the debate covers how the urbanites, children in particular –every urbanite is considered as a body in this paper– are affected by the rapid change of urban space. Also, through the introduction of global models such as woonerf and home zone on how the city can regulate physical and social components that can contribute both to the socialization of adults and to children’s development and freedom in relation to their own age and needs, a fruitful insight is endeavored to be provided to the potential for these kinds of practices to be implemented in metropolitan cities especially in the residential fabric of cities

A Prospective Population-based Study of Total Nasal Resistance in Korean Subjects

ObjectivesRhinomanometry is a widely accepted method for objective assessment of nasal patency. However, few studies have reported the values of otherwise healthy population for nasal resistance in East Asians. The purpose of this study was to measure normal total nasal resistance (TNR) values in a large sample of Korean adults and to reveal parameters contributing to TNR values.MethodsSubjects were enrolled from a cohort of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study. They were evaluated by anthropometry, questionnaire, and active anterior rhinomanometry at transnasal pressures of 100 and 150 Pascal (Pa).ResultsThe study sample consisted of 2,538 healthy subjects (1,298 women and 1,240 men) aged 20 to 80 years. Normal reference TNR values were 0.19±0.08 Pa/cm3/second at 100 Pa and 0.22±0.09 Pa/cm3/second at 150 Pa. The TNR of women was significantly higher than that of men (P<0.0001). TNR decreased with increasing age in both genders (P<0.05). In women, lower body weight was related to increasing TNR. In men, current smokers had higher TNR than ex-smokers and never smokers.ConclusionThe results of the present study provide information regarding the values of otherwise healthy population of TNR and parameters associated with TNR in Korean adults

A discussion on child-friendly cities through a critique on the experience of the body

Social changes resulting a significant shift in philosophical thinking in the renaissance brought the idea of individuality to the forefront, radically changing the social requirements and desires of individuals, the ideas of freedom of all individuals collectively, their relations with society and their environments, and also their participation in urban life. As a result of the industrialization activities, wars and migrations experienced in the twentieth century, this direct participation of the individual in the urban space was negatively affected. Especially due to globalization, the changing physical appearance and quality of life of metropolitan cities have created disconnections in human interactions with the city and their bodily experience with the environment. Monetary system which have dominated urban life, has taken business life to the forefront separating the residential fabric from the zones where business life develops, and accordingly lively streets have been surrendered to motor vehicles over time. One of the social groups most affected by these changes, is the young generation. The cities where the scale has changed radically, the sacrificed areas were usually the recreational environments, and children's play areas. Within this context, it is also mentioned in the literature that adults (politicians, planners, and municipalities) easily ignore the fact that cities are also for children; the developmental characteristics of young people, their needs for age, play and experience necessary for their healthy growths are ignored. Therefore, it should be admitted that cities should have a lot to offer children. It is necessary to organize the streets, to plan the transit routes of motor vehicles, redefine new speed limits, and re-evaluate the streets to make them pedestrian-friendly again taking into account the possibility of danger to children. So, as a part of the theoretical background discussed in the context of environment and behavior theories, the debate covers how the urbanites, children in particular –every urbanite is considered as a body in this paper– are affected by the rapid change of urban space. Also, through the introduction of global models such as woonerf and home zone on how the city can regulate physical and social components that can contribute both to the socialization of adults and to children’s development and freedom in relation to their own age and needs, a fruitful insight is endeavored to be provided to the potential for these kinds of practices to be implemented in metropolitan cities especially in the residential fabric of cities

Evaluation of Nasal Obstruction with Odiosoft-Rhino in Nasal Septal Deviation

Background: Evaluation of a recently developed method for measuring nasal obstruction. Objective: To investigate the reliability of a new software program called Odiosoft-Rhino (OR) as a presumptive diagnostic method to evaluate the nasal airflow of patients who have nasal septal deviation and to compare OR results with the acoustic rhinometry (AR) results and visual analogue scale (VAS) of nasal obstruction

Comparison of Odiosoft-Rhino and rhinomanometry in evaluation of nasal patency

Objective: To conduct a preliminary study testing the validity of the Odiosoft-Rhino (OR) in the evaluation of nasal patency in patients with nasal septal deviation and compare the results with visual analogue score ( VAS) of nasal obstruction and rhinomanometry (RMM)

Detection of the Nasal Cycle in Daily Activity by Remote Evaluation of Nasal Sound

Objectives: To detect the nasal cycle in healthy subjects while they were performing their daily activities, using the Odiosoft-Rhino (OR) software program and to investigate the ability of the OR program to perform this procedure

Efficacy of Odiosoft-Rhino in assessment of nasal obstruction: A comparative study with acoustic rhinometry after treatment with budesonide nasal spray in patients with perennial allergic rhinitis

Background: Odiosoft-Rhino (OR) is new software and equipment that can be used to measure changes in nasal obstruction after intranasal steroid treatment. OR is a promising method for measuring the degree of nasal obstruction. OR can precisely analyze nasal sound spectra in decibels, which is generated by nasal airflow. We studied the reliability of OR for assessing declining nasal obstruction after budesonide nasal spray treatment