Volume 69, Number 12, December 9, 1949

WOS: A1992HQ04700016A transport method is described which reduces greatly the number of calibration standards needed for hydrogen analysis by neutron induced prompt gamma-rays. The counts in the photopeaks from neutron capture in hydrogen for various standard concentrations, the distribution of the source neutron rate entering the thermal group and the reaction rates in the samples are investigated theoretically using 100 energy group cross sections and experimental Cf-252 spectra for a test configuration. Comparison of theoretical results with those measured from the test configuration shows good agreement

Histopathological image analysis : a review

Over the past decade, dramatic increases in computational power and improvement in image analysis algorithms have allowed the development of powerful computer-assisted analytical approaches to radiological data. With the recent advent of whole slide digital scanners, tissue histopathology slides can now be digitized and stored in digital image form. Consequently, digitized tissue histopathology has now become amenable to the application of computerized image analysis and machine learning techniques. Analogous to the role of computer-assisted diagnosis (CAD) algorithms in medical imaging to complement the opinion of a radiologist, CAD algorithms have begun to be developed for disease detection, diagnosis, and prognosis prediction to complement the opinion of the pathologist. In this paper, we review the recent state of the art CAD technology for digitized histopathology. This paper also briefly describes the development and application of novel image analysis technology for a few specific histopathology related problems being pursued in the United States and Europe

On bulk singularities in the random normal matrix model

We extend the method of rescaled Ward identities of Ameur-Kang-Makarov to study the distribution of eigenvalues close to a bulk singularity, i.e. a point in the interior of the droplet where the density of the classical equilibrium measure vanishes. We prove results to the effect that a certain "dominant part" of the Taylor expansion determines the microscopic properties near a bulk singularity. A description of the distribution is given in terms of a special entire function, which depends on the nature of the singularity (a Mittag-Leffler function in the case of a rotationally symmetric singularity).Comment: This version clarifies on the proof of Theorem

Improvement of the Wastewater Biodegradability by Means of Photocatalytic and Wet Oxidation Processes in the Presence of Hydrogen Peroxide

In this study, the effectiveness of photocatalytic oxidation (PO) and wet oxidation (WO) processes as a pre-treatment step on improvement of biodegradability and colour removal of mixture of raw domestic and pre-treated industrial wastewaters, have been evaluated. More oxygen was obtained by H2O2 (as an oxidant in WO and PO processes) than stoichiometric demand. PO of the wastewater was carried out by illumination of the wastewater with UV lamp (at room temperature, atmospheric pressure, 16.5 h reaction time) and WO of the wastewater was carried out by means of thermal oxidation at autoclave conditions (at 118–120 oC, 1.9–2 bar, 3 h reaction time). 1 g L–1 TiO2 in PO process and 0.2 mg L–1 Cu++ in WO process were used as catalyst. The results obtained from experiments were not compared with each other due to the difference between the quality and quantity of the used catalyst and the consumed energy. Colour removal efficiency was 33 % for WO process and 77.6 % for PO process. By applying WO process, 72.7 % increase in the reaction rate coefficient describing the degradability of organic compounds in wastewater was obtained, but this value was 34.5 % in PO process

High intensity luminescence from pulsed laser annealed europium implanted sapphire

Sapphire samples (Al2O3) were implanted with 400-keV ions at a dose of 1×1016 ions cm-2. A comparison was made between furnace annealing and pulsed laser annealing of the implanted samples. Furnace annealing to 1200°C, followed by excimer laser anneals, resulted in an increase of the cathodoluminescence emission intensity of the implanted europium by a factor of ∼20. This enhanced intensity is ∼50 times that of the signal prior to any form annealing treatment. It is proposed that the laser anneals dissociate Eu related clusters. The Eu 622-nm lifetime reached 1.53 ms compared with an original postimplant value of 0.14 ms. © 1994 American Institue of Physics.Peer Reviewe

A note on accelerating cosmologies from compactifications and S-branes

We give a simple interpretation of the recent solutions for cosmologies with a transient accelerating phase obtained from compactification in hyperbolic manifolds, or from S-brane solutions of string/M-theory. In the four-dimensional picture, these solutions correspond to bouncing the radion field off its exponential potential. Acceleration occurs at the turning point, when the radion stops and the potential energy momentarily dominates. The virtues and limitations of these approaches become quite transparent in this interpretation.Comment: 9 pages, 1 figure. References adde

The effects of different irrigation regimes on yield and silage quality of corn under semi-arid conditions

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different quantities of drip irrigation water on the corn yield and silage quality under semi-arid conditions. The seasonal evapotranspiration (ETc) for the different irrigation regimes varied from 434 to 947 mm in 2004 and from 468 to 1003 mm in 2005 for total irrigation periods of 108 and 113 days, respectively. Combining data from both years, the relative evapotranspiration deficit (1−ETa/ETm) for different regimes was 19 to 54% in corn compared to the maximum seasonal ETc when water was not limited in the (I100) regime. During the course of both years, irrigation had an apparent effect on the total fresh silage yield (FSY), with yields increasing steadily from water stress to fully irrigated conditions, while silage yields increased linearly with the total depth of irrigation water applied between planting and harvest. Combining data from both years showed that the FSY was 35.0, 53.6, 83.3 and 88.9 t ha-1 for I25, I50, I75 and I100, respectively. Moreover, the largest FSY recorded amongst these experiments at maximum seasonal yield in single treatment was 89.1 t ha-1 in 2004 and 88.7 t ha-1 in 2005. The water content decreased considerably in all but FSY, while the dry matters yield (DMY), organic matter (OM), acid detergent fiber yield (ADFY) and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) increased. Furthermore, the study substantiated that the highest yield and silage quality were obtained at the full (I100) irrigation regime.Key words: Silage, deficit irrigation, yield, silage quality

Unique Transcriptional Profile of Sustained Ligand-Activated Preconditioning in Pre- and Post-Ischemic Myocardium

BACKGROUND: Opioidergic SLP (sustained ligand-activated preconditioning) induced by 3–5 days of opioid receptor (OR) agonism induces persistent protection against ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) injury in young and aged hearts, and is mechanistically distinct from conventional preconditioning responses. We thus applied unbiased gene-array interrogation to identify molecular effects of SLP in pre- and post-ischemic myocardium. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Male C57Bl/6 mice were implanted with 75 mg morphine or placebo pellets for 5 days. Resultant SLP did not modify cardiac function, and markedly reduced dysfunction and injury in perfused hearts subjected to 25 min ischemia/45 min reperfusion. Microarray analysis identified 14 up- and 86 down-regulated genes in normoxic hearts from SLP mice (≥1.3-fold change, FDR≤5%). Induced genes encoded sarcomeric/contractile proteins (Myh7, Mybpc3,Myom2,Des), natriuretic peptides (Nppa,Nppb) and stress-signaling elements (Csda,Ptgds). Highly repressed genes primarily encoded chemokines (Ccl2,Ccl4,Ccl7,Ccl9,Ccl13,Ccl3l3,Cxcl3), cytokines (Il1b,Il6,Tnf) and other proteins involved in inflammation/immunity (C3,Cd74,Cd83, Cd86,Hla-dbq1,Hla-drb1,Saa1,Selp,Serpina3), together with endoplasmic stress proteins (known: Dnajb1,Herpud1,Socs3; putative: Il6, Gadd45g,Rcan1) and transcriptional controllers (Egr2,Egr3, Fos,Hmox1,Nfkbid). Biological themes modified thus related to inflammation/immunity, together with cellular/cardiovascular movement and development. SLP also modified the transcriptional response to I-R (46 genes uniquely altered post-ischemia), which may influence later infarction/remodeling. This included up-regulated determinants of cellular resistance to oxidant (Mgst3,Gstm1,Gstm2) and other forms of stress (Xirp1,Ankrd1,Clu), and repression of stress-response genes (Hspa1a,Hspd1,Hsp90aa,Hsph1,Serpinh1) and Txnip. CONCLUSIONS: Protection via SLP is associated with transcriptional repression of inflammation/immunity, up-regulation of sarcomeric elements and natriuretic peptides, and modulation of cell stress, growth and development, while conventional protective molecules are unaltered