La Garza Real en España. I. Población reproductora (1950-2000)

En este trabajo se analiza la evolución de la población reproductora de Garza Real, Ardea cinerea, en España durante el período 1950-2000. El territorio español se ha dividido en siete grandes zonas: Norte, Levante, y las cuencas de los cinco grandes ríos (Guadalquivir, Guadiana, Tajo, Duero y Ebro). Los datos sobre colonias y número de parejas nidificantes fueron obtenidos a partir de prospecciones de los autores, de citas bibliográficas y de comunicaciones de organismos y personas conocedoras de las colonias. Es probable que ya antes de 1950 hubiera colonias ocupadas, pero se carece de datos publicados sobre ellas. En 1950 pudo haber 168 parejas reproductoras en 4 colonias, mientras que en 2000 hubo 4790 parejas en 75 colonias. Las subpoblaciones de garza real asentadas de las cuencas del Duero y Tajo parecen estar próximas al equilibrio numérico, mientras que las del Ebro, Guadalquivir y Levante han aumentado notablemente su tamaño en la década 1990-2000. La cuenca del Guadiana contenía relativamente pocas parejas en el período de estudio y en el Norte de España la población reproductora de la garza real es aún poco significativa

Synthesis and characterization of psoralen analogues based on carbazoles

Novel psoralen analogues based on carbazoles were synthesized and characterized.Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT) and FEDER, for National NMR Networ

Synthesis and characterization of psoralen analogues based on dibenzofuran

Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT) and FEDER, for National NMR Networ

Susceptibility of Ipomoea quamoclit, I. triloba and Merremia cissoides to the Herbicides Sulfentrazone and Amicarbazone

A suscetibilidade diferencial de espécies de plantas daninhas a herbicidas é uma importante variável que deve ser considerada na escolha do herbicida e dose a serem aplicados. Assim, dois experimentos foram desenvolvidos com o objetivo de avaliar a suscetibilidade de três espécies de plantas daninhas da família Convolvulaceae (Ipomoea quamoclit, I. triloba e Merremia cissoides) aos herbicidas sulfentrazone e amicarbazone, por meio de curvas de dose-resposta. Os experimentos foram instalados em área com solo argiloso, onde foram aplicadas oito doses de cada herbicida, em pré-emergência. As doses utilizadas foram 8D, 4D, 2D, D, 1/2D, 1/4D, 1/8D e testemunha sem aplicação, sendo D a dose recomendada de sulfentrazone (600 g ha-1) ou de amicarbazone (980 g ha-1). As doses recomendadas de ambos os herbicidas foram eficazes para controlar as três plantas daninhas nas avaliações realizadas até os 60 dias após aplicação. Observou-se suscetibilidade diferencial entre as espécies estudadas, em que I. quamoclit foi a mais sensível. As ordens de suscetibilidade das espécies aos herbicidas foram: I. quamoclit > M. cissoides > I. triloba para o sulfentrazone; e I. quamoclit > I. triloba > M. cissoides para o amicarbazone. Os níveis de controle indicam a viabilidade de aplicação de sulfentrazone e amicarbazone em pré-emergência para controle dessas espécies de plantas daninhas da família Convolvulaceae.Differential susceptibility of weed species to herbicides is an important variable that must be considered when choosing the herbicide and rate to be applied. Thus, two experiments were carried out with the objective of evaluating the susceptibility of three weed species of the Convolvulaceae family (Ipomoea quamoclit, I. triloba and Merremia cissoides) to the herbicides sulfentrazone and amicarbazone, using dose-response curves. Trials were installed in an area with clay soil, where eight rates of each herbicide were applied, in pre-emergence. The herbicide rates were: 8D, 4D, 2D, D, 1/2D, 1/4D, 1/8D and check without application, considering D as the recommended rate for sulfentrazone (600 g ha-1) or amicarbazone (980 g ha-1). Recommended rates of both herbicides were effective to control the three weed species, in the evaluations performed up to 60 days after application. Differential susceptibility of weed species to herbicides was observed, characterizing I. quamoclit as the most sensitive species. The susceptibility scales were: I. quamoclit > M. cissoides > I. triloba for sulfentrazone; and I. quamoclit > I. triloba > M. cissoides for amicarbazone. Control levels indicate that application of sulfentrazone and amicarbazone in pre-emergence is viable to control these weed species of Convolvulaceae

Characterization of the aroma and colour profiles of fortified Muscat wines: comparison of Muscat Blanc “à petit grains” grape variety with Red Muscat

Although Muscat Blanc “à petit grains” and Red Muscat grape varieties are both cultivated in the Douro Demarcated Region (Portugal), only Muscat Blanc is currently authorized for the production of the fortified wine “Moscatel do Douro”. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of the Red Muscat grape variety to be employed in the winemaking of Douro Muscat wines. Wines of both grape varieties were produced from the 2013 and 2014 harvests, and were chemically and sensory analysed 12 and 3 months after stopping the alcoholic fermentation, respectively. The Muscat Blanc “à petit grains” variety produced musts with higher sugar content than the red variety, but the final levels of sugar and ethanol were similar in all wines owing to the control of the fermentation time. Red Muscat wines presented higher concentrations of rose oxide and nerol than Muscat Blanc “à petit grains”; however, these differences were only significant in the youngest wines. Linalool and α-terpineol were found at higher levels in the 2013 Muscat Blanc “à petit grains” wines. No significant differences were found for the ester compounds, except for 2-phenylethanol, which was higher in the Red Muscat wines. The 12 months old wines presented a higher total concentration of esters than the younger wines. No significant differences were found for the higher alcohols composition between the two grape varieties. The chromatic analysis showed that, besides having a redder tone, Red Muscat wines had a higher colour intensity and a more pure/saturated colour than Muscat Blanc “à petit grains” wines. The sensory analysis did not detect significant differences in the aromatic and gustatory profiles between the two grape varieties. The Red Muscat grape variety shows great potential to be employed in the production of Muscat fortified wine either as monovarietal or in blends with Muscat Blanc “à petit grains”.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Fitness participants perceived quality by age and practiced activity

The fitness participants could have a specific and critical role in the service provision and, with that, contribute to the service quality improvement. The aim of this research is characterize and compare the quality indicators of the group exercise fitness instructor - through the participant’s perception, evaluated by QIF-AG questionnaire - considering their age and practiced activity. The data were collected from 622 group exercise participants (all from female gender, participants in fitness centers of Coimbra - Portugal, with 18 years old or more). After the application of the ANOVA one-way test is possible to conclude that, considering their age, there are statistical significant differences in 9 of the 11 items of the relational quality dimension and 9 of the 14 categories of the technical-pedagogical quality dimension. In accordance to the different dimensions [relational (F=11,820; p=0,001; ƞ2=0,037, small effect size); technical-pedagogical (F=8,029; p=0,001; ƞ2=0,025, small effect size)] and general construct (F=10,211; p=0,001; ƞ2=0,032, small effect size) is possible to conclude that are statistical significant differences considering the age of the fitness participants. In accordance to the activity, there are statistical significant differences in 8 of the 11 categories of the relational quality dimension and in 9 of the 14 categories of the technical-pedagogical quality dimension. Considering different dimensions [relational (F=6,106; p=0,001; ƞ2=0,038, small effect size); technical-pedagogical (F=4,207; p=0,006; ƞ2=0,027, small effect size)] and general construct (F=5,199; p=0,001; ƞ2=0,033, small effect size) also is possible to conclude that are statistical significant differences in the practiced activity.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Symmetrical Pyridinium-Phanes and –Diazacyclophanes — Promising Heterocyclic Scaffolds for the Development of Anti-Leishmanial Agents

There is an urgent need for better drugs for a more successful fight against leishmaniasis, one of the most important neglected diseases caused by the parasite Leishmania. We have recently synthesized several symmetrical pyridinium compounds belonging to two different series: bis-pyridinium and bis-quinolinium acyclic structures and bis-pyridinium diazacyclophanes derivatives. The first series of bis-pyridinium derivatives have been found to display activity against promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes of Leishmania donovani and Leishmania major, with EC50 values lower than 1 μM. The majority of compounds show a similar behavior in both Leishmania species, being slightly more active against intracellular amastigotes of L. major. The series of bis-pyridinium diazacyclophanes can be considered as rigid analogues of the previous bis-cationic ones. The activity of these compounds has also been evaluated against promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes of L. donovani and L. major. All the diazacyclophanes are more active against L. major, with EC50 values of between 1 and 17 μM in intracellular amastigotes, and in some cases they present a higher selectivity index than the reference anti-leishmanial drugs such as amphotericin B and miltefosine. In conclusion, these bis-quaternary compounds represent promising candidates as potential therapeutic agents against leishmaniasis

Fatores críticos num processo de Aprendizagem Baseada em Projetos : perceções de estudantes de 1º ano de Engenharia

This paper presents the students’ perceptions about the interdisciplinary project implemented in the first year of the Integrated Master’s degree in Industrial Engineering and Management (IEM) at the University of Minho, Guimarães, Portugal. This project was supported by four curricular units (UCs): General Chemistry (GC); Calculus (C); Introduction to Industrial Engineering (IIE) and Computer Programming 1 (PC1). In order to collect data on the perceptions of students regarding their participation and motivation on 2011/2012 edition, a questionnaire with 46 closed items and 3 open questions was developed and applied to 35 students and the results discussed on a final workshop. Based on the results of the research, the final workshop shows that the students recognize the benefits of Project Based Learning (PBL) as a learning methodology, its contribution and motivation to development of competences and skills for future career and the importance of teamwork. However, the findings showed that the roles of teachers and tutors must be reviewed as well as the grade’s weight of project related with UCs. Furthermore, students also pointed out some additional constraints during the project, namely: time required for the project; the integration of UCs’ contents in the project and the effort put in the project and its impact in final grades