L'accertamento di questioni nell'arbitrato: la perizia contrattuale

In this work, the Author reconstructs and analyzes the institutional practice of perizia contrattuale. It can be called also expert determination, and It consists in a mechanism through which two subjects commission one or more third parties with specific technical-scientific skills – so called “periti,” field-experts – to verify a relevant technical matter in a legal relationship or a controversy. The verification is considered binding by the parties involved. The “history” about the phenomenon in question shows that it has been always compared to arbitraggio and arbitration. In short, the work is organized in six chapters. The first chapter begins with a short investigation into the historical context about arbitration and arbitraggio, in particular in the roman and medieval law. In the second chapter, the Author explains the main theories about perizia contrattuale; in this chapter there is also an evaluation about the irregular arbitration and a short investigation into institutions in other legal systems which have the same characteristics of perizia. The third chapter analyzes Spanish system of arbitration law; in this system perizia contrattuale is considered something different to arbitration. In the fourth chapter, that is the heart of the work, after a description of the main differences between perizia contrattuale and arbitraggio, the Author compares perizia contrattuale to arbitration. He analyzes also the contract of ascertainment, and finally he explains that perizia contrattuale is a particular kind of irregular arbitration; perizia and arbitration differ only with regards to the object of verification. In the fifth chapter, putting together the insights derived from the evolution of court decisions and making reference to the legal doctrine that has produced most in-depth studies of the phenomenon, the Author proposes the regulation of the phenomenon in question. In the last chapter there is an investigation into the contestation of perizia contrattuale.In this work, the Author reconstructs and analyzes the institutional practice of perizia contrattuale. It can be called also expert determination, and It consists in a mechanism through which two subjects commission one or more third parties with specific technical-scientific skills – so called “periti,” field-experts – to verify a relevant technical matter in a legal relationship or a controversy. The verification is considered binding by the parties involved. The “history” about the phenomenon in question shows that it has been always compared to arbitraggio and arbitration. In short, the work is organized in six chapters. The first chapter begins with a short investigation into the historical context about arbitration and arbitraggio, in particular in the roman and medieval law. In the second chapter, the Author explains the main theories about perizia contrattuale; in this chapter there is also an evaluation about the irregular arbitration and a short investigation into institutions in other legal systems which have the same characteristics of perizia. The third chapter analyzes Spanish system of arbitration law; in this system perizia contrattuale is considered something different to arbitration. In the fourth chapter, that is the heart of the work, after a description of the main differences between perizia contrattuale and arbitraggio, the Author compares perizia contrattuale to arbitration. He analyzes also the contract of ascertainment, and finally he explains that perizia contrattuale is a particular kind of irregular arbitration; perizia and arbitration differ only with regards to the object of verification. In the fifth chapter, putting together the insights derived from the evolution of court decisions and making reference to the legal doctrine that has produced most in-depth studies of the phenomenon, the Author proposes the regulation of the phenomenon in question. In the last chapter there is an investigation into the contestation of perizia contrattuale.LUISS PhD Thesi

Urban Waste As Resource For Sustainable Environment

The emerging model of waste disposal, develops an integrated approach based on waste reduction, selection, recycling, energy recovery and residual use of landfill. Here we discuss the fundamentals of a proper planning of waste disposal system, specially the thermal recovery, the integration and the methodological approach, either from the environmental and economic point of view. The growing demand for energy, the resulting environmental problems due to satisfy the demand for energy and the complex-economic system, necessitate the study of new technologies such as energy from municipal solid waste (MSW) obtaining as a result of decrease huge mass of solid waste to sanitary landifill and emissions of landifill gas as (CH4 and CO2 ). Therefore, we propose to validate a technical, economical and environmental analysis of waste-treatment systems with enphasis on generation of energy. The recovery of heat from a waste-to-energy plant, can make a useful contribution to the city energy needs. Whilst we have been slow to exploit fully this resource in Sicily, economically in urban areas

FLUSSI TURISTICI E GESTIONE DEI RIFIUTI: IL CASO DI PANTELLERIA

Ogni estate migliaia di turisti raggiungono l’isola siciliana per le vacanze e con loro aumenta la produzione di rifiuti e i problemi legati alla sua gestione. Di fronte a queste preoccupazioni, la Facoltà di Architettura dell’Università di Palermo insieme al Dipartimento di Energia, Ingegneria dell’Informazione e Modelli Matematici dell’Università di Palermo, hanno elaborato uno studio di fattibilità che prevede l’inserimento di un impianto per la valorizzazione energetica dei RSU e delle biomasse

Microclimate Management for the Preservation of Cultural Heritage

This paper presents a line of research aimed at studying in detail the interaction between air conditioning/heating systems and thermo hygrometric conditions inside museums. An experimental test was carried out on the microclimatic conditions inside a building envelope, using as case studies the interiors of the Castle of Chiaramonte in Favara (Agrigento), and the Church of Saint Matthew (Palermo). In this phase of the work the “real” measured values and the recommended “optimal” values were compared for the various museum exhibits displayed. The analysis of the complex dynamic interaction of climate conditions, the need for the museum pieces to be preserved in a situation of maximum stability, the problems regarding thermal comfort in relation to users’ enjoyment of the exhibition space, the construction model of the building envelope – the synergy between all these variables led to establishing the final design project. This consists of an air conditioning system with radiant panels, floor heating, cooling system and primary air, in which the benefits seen from an environmental and energy point of view, are fully explained. The conservation of cultural heritage collections in museums, on the one hand implies that the attentionof the specialists must turn to the prevention of the natural degradation caused through time and on the other to improve the quality of the environment. This means environmental parameters must be checked and monitoring techniques used. Since the connective tissue between the museum and its container is the environment, the building-plant system must be held responsible for the “degradation suffered by the museum itself” or “be largely responsible for its optimal conservation with the passing of time”

Calsequestrins new calcium store markers of adult Zebrafish cerebellum and optic tectum

Calcium stores in neurons are heterogeneous in compartmentalization and molecular composition. Danio rerio (zebrafish) is an animal model with a simply folded cerebellum similar in cellular organization to that of mammals. The aim of the study was to identify new endoplasmic reticulum (ER) calcium store markers in zebrafish adult brain with emphasis on cerebellum and optic tectum. By quantitative polymerase chain reaction, we found three RNA transcripts coding for the intra-ER calcium binding protein calsequestrin: casq1a, casq1b, and casq2. In brain homogenates, two isoforms were detected by mass spectrometry and western blotting. Fractionation experiments of whole brain revealed that Casq1a and Casq2 were enriched in a heavy fraction containing ER microsomes and synaptic membranes. By in situ hybridization, we found the heterogeneous expression of casq1a and casq2 mRNA to be compatible with the cellular localization of calsequestrins investigated by immunofluorescence. Casq1 was expressed in neurogenic differentiation 1 expressing the granule cells of the cerebellum and the periventricular zone of the optic tectum. Casq2 was concentrated in parvalbumin expressing Purkinje cells. At a subcellular level, Casq1 was restricted to granular cell bodies, and Casq2 was localized in cell bodies, dendrites, and axons. Data are discussed in relation to the differential cellular and subcellular distribution of other cerebellum calcium store markers and are evaluated with respect to the putative relevance of calsequestrins in the neuron-specific functional activity

Improving of psychological status and inflammatory biomarkers during omalizumab for chronic spontaneous urticaria

Background: Depression and anxiety are the most common psychiatric comorbidities in chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU). Omalizumab is a monoclonal antibody approved for CSU treatment. We evaluated the prevalence of anxiety and depression in CSU patients before and after treatment with omalizumab. Materials & methods: A total of 30 patients were enrolled in the study: 15 patients affected by CSU and treated with omalizumab and the other 15 healthy subjects did not receive any systemic therapy. All patients were evaluated using Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, CRP and erythrocyte sedimentation rate, at baseline and after 6 months. Results: The omalizumab group after 6 months of therapy had a decrease of all the scores and biomarkers. Conclusion: Omalizumab allowed an improvement of urticaria and mental comorbidities

Trifarotene: a current review and perspectives in dermatology

Retinoids have numerous applications in inflammatory, dyskeratotic, and oncohematology diseases. Retinoids have now reached the fourth generation, progressively reducing toxicity whilst increasing their efficacy. Trifarotene is a new fourth-generation retinoid with a selective action on RAR-γ. In this review, we reported the trials—both concluded and in progress—including the use of trifarotene in dermatological diseases. Studies were identified by searching electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, Cochrane, Trials.gov) from 2012 to today and reference lists of respective articles. Only articles published in English language were included. Randomized trials evaluating trifarotene tolerability, safety, and efficacy in congenital ichthyosis and acne have demonstrated great results and mild side effects, leading to the approval by the FDA of trifarotene for the treatment of lamellar ichthyosis in 2014, and of acne vulgaris in October 2019. No high-quality randomized clinical trials have evaluated the treatment of primary cutaneous lymphomas with trifarotene. Finally, we are hypothesizing future perspectives in the treatment of non-melanoma skin cancers, fungal infections, photoaging, and hand-foot skin reactions with trifarotene

Immunomodulatory agents as potential therapeutic or preventive strategies for COVID-19

Currently, the COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the novel SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, represents the greatest global health threat. Most people infected by the virus present mild to moderate respiratory symptoms and recover with supportive treatments. However, certain susceptible hosts develop an acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), associated with an inflammatory “cytokine storm”, leading to lung damage. Despite the current availability of different COVID-19 vaccines, the new emerging SARS-CoV-2 genetic variants represent a major concern worldwide, due to their increased transmissibility and rapid spread. Indeed, it seems that some mutations or combinations of mutations might confer selective advantages to the virus, such as the ability to evade the host immune responses elicited by COVID-19 vaccines. Several therapeutic approaches have been investigated but, to date, a unique and fully effective therapeutic protocol has not yet been achieved. In addition, steroid-based therapies, aimed to reduce inflammation in patients with severe COVID-19 disease, may increase the risk of opportunistic infections, increasing the hospitalization time and mortality rate of these patients. Hence, there is an unmet need to develop more effective therapeutic options. Here, we discuss the potential use of natural immunomodulators such as Thymosin α1 (Tα1), all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), and lactoferrin (LF), as adjunctive or preventive treatment of severe COVID-19 disease. These agents are considered to be multifunctional molecules because of their ability to enhance antiviral host immunity and restore the immune balance, depending on the host immune status. Furthermore, they are able to exert a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity by means of direct interactions with cellular or molecular targets of pathogens or indirectly by increasing the host immune response. Thus, due to the aforementioned properties, these agents might have a great potential in a clinical setting, not only to counteract SARS-CoV-2 infection, but also to prevent opportunistic infections in critically ill COVID-19 patients

Awareness of obesity among patients with psoriasis

Dear Editor, Chronic plaque psoriasis is frequently associated with metabolic comorbidities, including obesity that have an important impact on the disease