Attuazione del piano di intervento prefettizio per le sorgenti orfane presso un impianto termovalorizzatore

ATTUAZIONE DEL PIANO DI INTERVENTO PREFETTIZIO PER LE SORGENTI ORFANE PRESSO UN IMPIANTO TERMOVALORIZZATORE Autori: Fabrizio Campi, Alessandro Porta Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Energia - CESNEF , via La Masa, 34 - 20156 Milano [email protected] ABSTRACT Il Decreto Legislativo n. 52 del 2007, all’art.14 comma 1, prevede che il Prefetto predisponga schemi di piano d’intervento tipo per la messa in sicurezza in caso di rinvenimento o di sospetto di presenza di sorgenti orfane nel territorio della provincia, avvalendosi del Comando dei Vigili del Fuoco, dell’Agenzia Regionale per la Protezione dell’Ambiente, dell’Azienda Sanitaria Locale e, se del caso, della Direzione Provinciale del Lavoro. Di conseguenza nel 2008 il Prefetto di Milano, come quelli di altre province, ha emanato un proprio piano di intervento, nello spirito della legge citata. Tale piano prevede che in caso di ritrovamento possano essere detentori di sorgenti orfane anche quegli impianti che, pur in assenza di uno specifico obbligo di legge, effettuano il controllo radiometrico del materiale in ingresso (ad esempio impianti di trattamento dei rifiuti urbani, termovalorizzatori, etc.) e che tali soggetti dovrebbero disporre di un esperto qualificato e di procedure di intervento per la gestione dei ritrovamenti. Poiché l’attivazione del piano di intervento può essere provocata, tra le altre situazioni, anche da rinvenimento di sorgenti orfane durante un controllo radiometrico nei carichi in ingresso, le Aziende nelle quali sono operativi sistemi per la rilevazione della radioattività nei materiali dovranno dotarsi preventivamente di procedure di emergenza e di gestione degli allarmi diversificate in funzione del rischio. Infine il Prefetto dà come indicazione che tali protocolli siano concordati con VVF, ARPA e ASL, in quanto devono prevedere, nei casi in cui non si possa escludere un pericolo per la pubblica e privata incolumità, l’attivazione immediata dei citati Enti. In questo contesto si è reso necessario applicare il Piano Prefettizio anche all’impianto Termovalorizzatore Silla 2 dell’Azienda A2A sito in Milano, che rientra nell’elenco delle aziende che effettuano controlli radiometrici sui carichi in ingresso. Ciò ha comportato la redazione di opportune procedure, con ripercussioni anche sulle strutture del sito. Nel lavoro sono illustrate le procedure adottate e gli adeguamenti strutturali messi in atto nell’ impianto

Intellectual Property Rights and Agricultural Development: Evidence from a Worldwide Index of IPRs in Agriculture (1961-2018)

This paper revises and updates the Campi-Nuvolari index of intellectual property protection for plant varieties. The new index provides yearly scores for the period 1961–2018 for 104 countries, which have legislation on plant variety protection in force. The new evidence highlights the ongoing shift towards more similar and stronger systems of intellectual property rights (IPRs) worldwide, regardless of individual characteristics of countries. The signing of the TRIPS and trade agreements with TRIPS-Plus provisions are major drivers of this process. In addition, certain characteristics of countries such as the regulatory environment, the level of human capital, the importance of agricultural production, and openness to trade, are also significant determinants of the evolution of IPRs systems. We conclude by discussing other possible applications of the data

MAQUIAVEL E A FENOMENOLOGIA DAS CONJURAÇÕES: APONTAMENTOS DE LEITURAS E HIPÓTESES INTERPRETATIVAS

O tema das conspirações é frequentemente utilizado nos trabalhos de Maquiavel. Para isso, aliás, ele dedicou um dos seus mais famosos capítulos dos Discursos (III, 6). Não obstante, histórias de intriga e conspiração perpassam as histórias do Florentino, como em seus “escritos da chancelaria diplomática”. Observando a literatura predominante, “tem-se falado de maneira inapropriada sobre conspirações políticas e maquinações em O Príncipe (XIX) e nos textos histórico-políticos. Diferente de outros autores clássicos, a partir de Sallustio, Maquiavel não se limitou a descrever conspirações. Por meio de uma forma muito peculiar de enfrentamento, Maquiavel construiu uma verdadeira teoria ou fenomenologia, de um modo jamais alcançado por outros pensadores. Ele classificou as conspirações, identificadas em suas diversas variações históricas, desvelando-as em sua dimensão técnico-operacional, ilustrando as fases e os métodos de desenvolvimento, as motivações ideais, as justificativas materiais e as matrizes sociológicas. Além disso, ele apresentou uma chave da interpretação eminentemente histórica e política. Isso precisa ser salientado porque, durante muito tempo, essas interpretações limitaram-se às motivações psicológicas dos conspiradore

Conceptual modeling for genomics: Building an integrated repository of open data

Many repositories of open data for genomics, collected by world-wide consortia, are important enablers of biological research; moreover, all experimental datasets leading to publications in genomics must be deposited to public repositories and made available to the research community. These datasets are typically used by biologists for validating or enriching their experiments; their content is documented by metadata. However, emphasis on data sharing is not matched by accuracy in data documentation; metadata are not standardized across the sources and often unstructured and incomplete. In this paper, we propose a conceptual model of genomic metadata, whose purpose is to query the underlying data sources for locating relevant experimental datasets. First, we analyze the most typical metadata attributes of genomic sources and define their semantic properties. Then, we use a top-down method for building a global-as-view integrated schema, by abstracting the most important conceptual properties of genomic sources. Finally, we describe the validation of the conceptual model by mapping it to three well-known data sources: TCGA, ENCODE, and Gene Expression Omnibus

Manipulating electronic states at oxide interfaces using focused micro X-rays from standard lab-sources

Recently, x-ray illumination, using synchrotron radiation, has been used to manipulate defects, stimulate self-organization and to probe their structure. Here we explore a method of defect-engineering low-dimensional systems using focused laboratory-scale X-ray sources. We demonstrate an irreversible change in the conducting properties of the 2-dimensional electron gas at the interface between the complex oxide materials LaAlO3 and SrTiO3 by X-ray irradiation. The electrical resistance is monitored during exposure as the irradiated regions are driven into a high resistance state. Our results suggest attention shall be paid on electronic structure modification in X-ray spectroscopic studies and highlight large-area defect manipulation and direct device patterning as possible new fields of application for focused laboratory X-ray sources.Comment: 12 pages, 4 figure

X-rays writing/reading of Charge Density Waves in the CuO2 plane of a simple cuprate superconductor

It is now well established that superconductivity in cuprates competes with charge modulations giving electronic phase separation at a nanoscale. More specifically, superconducting electronic current takes root in the available free space left by electronic charge ordered domains, called charge density wave (CDW) puddles. This means that CDW domain arrangement plays a fundamental role in the mechanism of high temperature superconductivity in cuprates. Here we report about the possibility of controlling the population and spatial organization of the charge density wave puddles in a single crystal La2CuO4+y through X - ray illumination and thermal treatments. We apply a pump - probe method based on X - ray illumination as pump and X - ray diffraction as a probe setting a writing and reading procedure of CDW puddles. Our findings are expected to allow new routes for advanced design and manipulation of superconducting pathways in new electronics.Comment: 11 Pages 4 figure

El nivel de influencia de la confianza, el compromiso, la cooperación y el poder en las relaciones interorganizacionales de cooperativas de crédito en Brasil

This article aims to analyze the level of influence of trust, commitment, cooperation, and power in the interrelationships of individual credit cooperatives and their central organization in Brazil. The quantitative and descriptive research was developed in unique credit unions linked to the Central Bank of Brazil and the Organization of Brazilian Cooperatives. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling, with the estimation through partial least squares. The results obtained for the coefficients of determination (R2) of the endogenous latent variables confirmed the assumptions found in the theoretical models of Morgan and Hunt (1994) and Coote, Forrest, and Tam (2003). Statistical significance was also found in the relationships between power and trust, commitment and cooperation, trust and commitment, trust and cooperation, and power and commitment. However, in this study the relationship between power and commitment characterized the significance and was positive between the individual credit cooperatives and their central organization. This is in line with the understanding that power is the solution to resolving conflicts. The research identifies how the constructs of trust, commitment, cooperation, and power show relevance to the alignment of relations between individual credit cooperatives and their central organizationEl objetivo en este artículo es analizar el nivel de influencia de la confianza, el compromiso, la cooperación y el poder en las relaciones interorganizacionales de las cooperativas de crédito singulares y centrales en Brasil. Se llevó a cabo un estudio cuantitativo y descriptivo en cooperativas de crédito singulares vinculadas con el Banco Central de Brasil – BACEN y la Organización de Cooperativas Brasilenas ˜ – OCB. Se analizaron los datos por medio de modelos de ecuaciones estructurales, con la aplicación del método de estimación de mínimos cuadrados parciales (PLS-PM). Los resultados obtenidos en los coeficientes de determinación (R2) de las variables latentes endógenas confirmaron los supuestos que se encuentran en los modelos teóricos de Morgan y Hunt (1994) y Coote, Forrest y Tam (2003). Además, se encontró significación estadística en las relaciones entre poder y confianza; compromiso y cooperación; confianza y compromiso; confianza y cooperación y poder y compromiso. Sin embargo, la relación entre poder y compromiso se caracteriza por ser significativa y positiva para las cooperativas de crédito singulares y sus centrales. Ello está en consonancia con el entendimiento de que el poder es el recurso para la solución de conflictos. El estudio permite identificar cómo la confianza, el compromiso, la cooperación y el poder ponen en evidencia aspectos relevantes para la alineación de las relaciones entre las cooperativas de crédito singulares y sus centrales de créditoEste artigo tem como objetivo analisar o nível de influência da confiança, do comprometimento, da cooperação e do poder no relacionamento interorganizacional de cooperativas de crédito singulares e centrais brasileiras. A pesquisa quantitativa e descritiva,foi desenvolvida em cooperativas de crédito singulares vinculadas ao Banco Central do Brasil – BACEN e a Organização das Cooperativas Brasileiras – OCB. Os dados foram tratados por meio da Modelagem de Equações Estruturais (MEE), com aplicação do método de estimação dos mínimos quadrados parciais (PLSPM). Os resultados obtidos nos coeficientes de determinação (R2) das variáveis latentes endógenas, confirmaram os pressupostos encontrados nos modelos teóricos de Morgan e Hunt (1994) e Coote, Forrest e Tam (2003). Constatou-se, também significância estatística nas relações entre poder e confiança; comprometimento e cooperação; confiança e comprometimento; confiança e cooperação e poder e comprometimento. No entanto, neste estudo a relação entre poder e comprometimento caracteriza-se como significante e positiva entre as cooperativas de crédito singulares com suas centrais. Isso está em consonância com o entendimento de que o poder é a solução para buscar resolver conflitos. A pesquisa permite identificar o quanto os constructos confiança, comprometimento, cooperação e poder evidenciam aspectos relevantes para o alinhamento das relações entre as cooperativas de créditos singulares e suas centrais de crédit

Percolative superconductivity in La2CuO4.06 by lattice granularity patterns with scanning micro X-ray absorption near edge structure

The simplest cuprate superconductor La2CuO4+y with mobile oxygen interstitials exhibits a clear phase separation, but only recently a bulk multiscale structural phase separation has been observed by using scanning micro X-ray diffraction. Here we get further information on the structural phase separation, using local probe X-ray absorption near edge structure. The spatial distribution of superconducting units is a key parameter controlling percolative superconductivity in complex matter with dispersed superconducting units. These oxides form super-molecular architectures made of superconducting atomic monolayers intercalated by spacers. Oxygen interstitials enter into the rocksalt La2O2+y spacer layers forming oxygen interstitials rich puddles and poor puddles. Their spatial distribution has been determined by using scanning La L3-edge micro X-ray absorption near edge structure. Percolating networks of oxygen rich puddles are observed in different micrometer size portions of the crystals. Moreover, the complex surface resistivity shows two jumps associated to the onset of intra-puddle and inter-puddles percolative superconductivity. The similarity of oxygen doped La2CuO4+y, with the well established phase separation in iron selenide superconductors is also discussed.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figure

Identification and characterization of learning weakness from drawing analysis at the pre-literacy stage

: Handwriting learning delays should be addressed early to prevent their exacerbation and long-lasting consequences on whole children's lives. Ideally, proper training should start even before learning how to write. This work presents a novel method to disclose potential handwriting problems, from a pre-literacy stage, based on drawings instead of words production analysis. Two hundred forty-one kindergartners drew on a tablet, and we computed features known to be distinctive of poor handwriting from symbols drawings. We verified that abnormal features patterns reflected abnormal drawings, and found correspondence in experts' evaluation of the potential risk of developing a learning delay in the graphical sphere. A machine learning model was able to discriminate with 0.75 sensitivity and 0.76 specificity children at risk. Finally, we explained why children were considered at risk by the algorithms to inform teachers on the specific weaknesses that need training. Thanks to this system, early intervention to train specific learning delays will be finally possible