Tradução e adaptação transcultural do World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule - WHODAS 2.0

A Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) planejou uma nova ferramenta de aferição da funcionalidade - o WHODAS 2.0 (World Health Assessment Disability Schedule 2.0) - um instrumento de aplicação facilitada e baseado no modelo teórico da CIF. Este artigo busca introduzir a versão brasileira do WHODAS para usuários clínicos e acadêmicos interessados na aferição da funcionalidade. O processo foi conduzido de acordo com o Translation Package, oferecido pela OMS, junto com a permissão para tradução do material. Três tradutores trabalharam nesse projeto para produzir a versão final do manual e um conjunto de formulários de avaliação linguística. Em seguida, a versão brasileira foi aprovada pela OMS. Todos os documentos sobre o WHODAS foram traduzidos e estão disponíveis gratuitamente na internet. WHODAS 2.0 aborda a funcionalidade de acordo com os domínios da CIF e mantém a perspectiva multifatorial e biopsicossocial. Como diferencial da CIF, a coleta de dados com o WHODAS é mais rápida (aproximadamente 20 minutos) e mais objetiva. Além disso, ele foi planejado para ser uma ferramenta genérica e transcultural. WHODAS foi traduzido e disponibilizado na internet. É esperado que o uso do WHODAS se dissemine pelo país, em ambientes clínicos e de pesquisa, buscando a abordagem biopsicossocial da funcionalidade, conforme endossado pela OMS.La Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) planeó una nueva herramienta de medición de la funcionalidad, la WHODAS 2.0 (World Health Assessment Disability Schedule 2.0) -un instrumento de aplicación basado en el modelo teórico de la CIF. Este artículo busca introducir la versión brasileña de la WHODAS para los usuarios clínicos y académicos interesados en la medición de la funcionalidad. Se realizó el proceso de acuerdo al Translation Package, ofrecido por la OMS, en asociación con el permiso para traducir el material. Tres traductores trabajaron en este proyecto para producir la versión final del manual y un conjunto de formularios de evaluación lingüística. Luego, OMS aprobó la versión brasileña. Todos los documentos sobre WHODAS han sido traducidos y están disponibles libremente en Internet. WHODAS 2.0 trata de la funcionalidad de acuerdo a los dominios de la ICF y mantiene la perspectiva multifactorial y biopsicosocial. Es un diferencial de la ICF la recolección más rápida de datos con el WHODAS (aproximadamente 20 minutos) y más objetiva. Además, ha sido planeado para ser una herramienta genérica y transcultural. WHODAS ha sido traducida y está disponible en Internet. Se espera que el uso de la WHODAS se propague en el país, en ambientes clínicos y de investigación, buscándose en abordaje biopsicosocial de la funcionalidad, según lo endosado por la OMS.The World Health Organization (WHO) planned a new functioning assessment tool - the WHODAS 2.0 (World Health Assessment Disability Schedule 2.0) - a user-friendly application instrument based on the theoretical framework of the ICF. The aim of this article is to introduce the Brazilian version of WHODAS to clinical and academic users interested in the assessment of functioning. The process was conducted according to the Translation Package offered by WHO, in addition to the permission for translating the tool. Three translators worked in this research to produce the definitive version of the manual and a set of linguistic evaluation forms. Finally, the Brazilian version was approved by WHO. All documents about WHODAS were translated and are free to download on the internet. WHODAS 2.0 addresses functioning according to the ICF domains and keeps the multifactorial and biopsychosocial perspective of the phenomenon. As it has an ICF differentiate presentation, the data collection is faster (20 minutes, on average) and more objective. Besides, it was planned to be a generic and transcultural tool. WHODAS was translated and is available on Internet to use. It is expected that the use of WHODAS will be widespread in Brazil, in clinical and research settings, aiming at the biopsychosocial approach of the functioning, as endorsed by WHO

Standardization of an experimental model to study inflammation in prolonged pulmonary operative procedures

Orientador: Ricardo Kalaf MussiDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências MédicasResumo: A cirurgia experimental surge como excelente alternativa em busca de resposta a importantes dúvidas da atividade médica. Contudo, modelos experimentais em animais de pequeno porte estão padronizados para procedimentos de curta duração, sendo necessárias adaptações para tempos operatórios prolongados. Objetivo: Avaliar a resposta inflamatória pulmonar e sistêmica imediata após período operatório de longa duração. Métodos: Ratos Wistar do grupo experimental foram anestesiados e submetidos à traqueostomia, toracotomia e permaneceram em ventilação mecânica por 3 horas. O grupo controle não foi submetido ao protocolo operatório. Os seguintes parâmetros foram avaliados: atividade da mieloperoxidase pulmonar, níveis de extravasamento de proteínas séricas pulmonares, relação peso pulmonar úmido/seco e medidas dos níveis séricos de citocinas. Resultados: Os animais operados apresentaram menor extravasamento de proteínas séricas nos pulmões comparados aos animais controle. A relação peso pulmonar úmido/seco e a atividade de mieloperoxidase não diferiram entre os grupos. As citocinas séricas IL-1ß, TNF?- e IL-10 não foram quantificáveis nos grupos, enquanto que IL-6 só foi detectada no soro dos animais operados. Conclusão: Padronizamos um modelo experimental de ventilação mecânica em ratos com tempo cirúrgico prolongado que não apresentou alterações inflamatórias locais (pulmonar) e sistêmicas significativas, permitindo avaliar a resposta inflamatória em outros procedimentos da cirurgia torácicaßAbstract: Experimental surgery has emerged as an excellent alternative to answer important questions raised in the daily medical activity. However, experimental models in small animals are standardized for short surgical procedures, thus adjustments are necessary for prolonged operative times. Purpose: To evaluate the immediate pulmonary and systemic inflammatory response after a long-term operative period. Methods: Wistar rats in the experimental group were anaesthetized and submitted to tracheostomy, thoracotomy and remained on mechanical ventilation during 3 h. Control animals were not submitted to the operative protocol. The following parameters have been evaluated: pulmonary myeloperoxidase activity, pulmonary serum protein extravasation, lung wet/dry weight ratio and measurement of levels of cytokines in serum. Results: Operated animals exhibited significantly lower serum protein extravasation in lungs compared with control animals. The lung wet/dry weight ratio and myeloperoxidase activity did not differ between groups. Serum cytokines IL-1ß, TNF-?, and IL-10 levels were not detected in groups, whereas IL-6 was detected only in operated animals. Conclusion: We have standardized an experimental model of mechanical ventilation in anaesthetized rats with a prolonged surgical time that did not produce significant local (pulmonary) and systemic inflammatory changes and permit to evaluate others procedures in thoracic surgeryMestradoFisiopatologia CirúrgicaMestre em Ciência

Standardization Of A Method Of Prolonged Thoracic Surgery And Mechanical Ventilation In Rats To Evaluate Local And Systemic Inflammation.

To evaluate the immediate pulmonary and systemic inflammatory response after a long-term operative period. Wistar rats in the experimental group were anaesthetized and submitted to tracheostomy, thoracotomy and remained on mechanical ventilation during three hours. Control animals were not submitted to the operative protocol. The following parameters have been evaluated: pulmonary myeloperoxidase activity, pulmonary serum protein extravasation, lung wet/dry weight ratio and measurement of levels of cytokines in serum. Operated animals exhibited significantly lower serum protein extravasation in lungs compared with control animals. The lung wet/dry weight ratio and myeloperoxidase activity did not differ between groups. Serum cytokines IL-1ß, TNF-α, and IL-10 levels were not detected in groups, whereas IL-6 was detected only in operated animals. The experimental mechanical ventilation in rats with a prolonged surgical time did not produce significant local and systemic inflammatory changes and permit to evaluate others procedures in thoracic surgery.2638-4

Sustentability of family farming and the influence of regional actors: the case of Parauapebas region-PA

Este texto analisa o papel dos atores regionais na sustentabilidade da agricultura familiar da área de proteção ambiental do Igarapé Gelado, tomando como base os resultados do programa Duramaz-1 (Determinantes do Desenvolvimento Sustentável na Amazônia), e atualiza alguns dados dessa experiência. Entre 2009 e 2013, tendo mudado a função de alguns atores, a situação evoluiu, resultando no êxito da produção agrícola sustentável e do extrativismo de frutos nativos para um pequeno grupo, enquanto a maioria dos moradores da APA se vê privada de tais iniciativas, seja por desinteresse ou por dependência e falta de empoderamento, exclusão ou dificuldade financeira, reduzindo a possibilidade de ampliação desse tipo de ação, fatores que potencialmente ameaçam a produção sustentável em uma APA.This paper analyzes the role of regional actors in the family farming sustainability of the Igarape Gelado’s Environmental Protection Area, using the results of Duramaz-1 as base as well as analyzing and updating some data of this experience concerning local sustainability. A different situation was found between 2009 and 2013 with a modified relationships and new functions of some actors resulting in the success of sustainable agricultural production and extraction of native fruits to a small group succeeds while most residents of the APA is deprived of such initiatives. This is because of lack of interest or dependency and lack of empowerment, exclusion, financial difficulties, minimizing the possibility of expanding of this practices. Factors potentially threaten the sustainable production

The World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2 (WHODAS 2.0): remarks on the need to revise the WHODAS

Functioning and disability are concepts in increasing use in clinical settings and in public health. From the public health perspective, the use of functioning as a third health indicator could show more than the frequency of a disease and its death rates, offering information on how the population performs its activities and participation. Clinically, the functioning assessment can provide information for patient-centered health care and specific clinical interventions according to their functioning profile. WHODAS 2.0 is a generic tool to assess health and functioning according to the ICF functioning model. It is an alternative to assess functioning in a less time-consuming way, whereas the duration of the application is one of the main ICF critiques. This paper aims to present some of WHODAS 2.0 inconsistencies and weaknesses as well as strategies to cope with them. In this paper, we present some weaknesses related to the WHODAS layout; wording and scoring process. Some suggestions for strategies to correct these weaknesses are presented, as well

Validez y confiabilidad de la versión brasileña de la World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule en personas con ceguera

O World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS 2.0) é uma ferramenta desenvolvida pela Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) para medir deficiência e incapacidade, apoiando o modelo da Classificação Internacional de Saúde, Incapacidade e Funcionalidade. A versão brasileira do WHODAS 2.0 foi traduzida e disponibilizada para uso pela OMS em 2015. Assim, este estudo pretende validar a versão brasileira do WHODAS 2.0 para uso em pessoas com cegueira. Participaram 56 pessoas com cegueira (idade média: 48,4±13,6 anos). Foram utilizadas duas ferramentas de avaliação: a versão de 36 itens do WHODAS 2.0 e o World Health Organization Quality of Life-bref (WHOQOLabreviado). As propriedades psicométricas testadas foram consistência interna, teste-reteste e validade de critério. Houve boa confiabilidade teste-reteste (ICC≥0,63). Os valores de α de Cronbach mostraram boa consistência interna na maioria das áreas, exceto no subdomínio de atividades escolares ou de trabalho (α=0,55). A validade do critério foi adequada, com correlações moderadas entre os domínios do WHODAS 2.0 e áreas do WHOQOL-abreviado. Os resultados indicaram a validade do WHODAS 2.0 para avaliar a funcionalidade de pessoas com cegueira.La World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS 2.0) es una herramienta desarrollada por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS), la que se utiliza para medir la discapacidad y la incapacidad, basándose en el modelo de la Clasificación Internacional del Funcionamiento de la Discapacidad y de la Salud. La versión brasileña de WHODAS 2.0 fue traducida por la OMS y puesta a disposición para su uso en 2015. Este estudio pretende validar la versión brasileña de WHODAS 2.0 para uso en personas con ceguera. Participaron 56 personas con ceguera (promedio de edad: 48,4±13,6 años). Se utilizaron dos herramientas de evaluación: la versión de 36 ítems de WHODAS 2.0 y la World Health Organization Quality of Life-bref (WHOQOL-abreviado). Las propiedades psicométricas probadas fueron: consistencia interna, test-retest y validez de criterio. Hubo una buena confiabilidad test-retest (ICC≥0,63). Los valores de α de Cronbach mostraron una buena consistencia interna en la mayoría de las áreas, excepto en el subdominio de actividades escolares o de trabajo (α=0,55). La validez del criterio fue adecuada, con correlaciones moderadas entre los dominios de WHODAS 2.0 y las áreas de WHOQOL-bref. Los resultados demuestran la validez de WHODAS 2.0 para evaluar la funcionalidad de las personas con ceguera.The World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS 2.0) is a tool developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) to measure functioning and disability, supporting the ICF model. The Brazilian version of WHODAS 2.0 was translated and made available for use by WHO in 2015. Thus, this study aims to validate the Brazilian version of WHODAS 2.0 for use in blind people. Participants were 56 blind people (mean age: 48.4 ± 13.6) years. Two assessment tools were used, the 36-item version of WHODAS 2.0 and the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-bref). The psychometric properties tested were internal consistency, test-retest and criterion validity. There was good test-retest reliability (ICC≥0.63). Cronbach’s alpha values showed good internal consistency in most areas, except in the subdomain of school or work activities (α = 0.55). The validity criterion was adequate, with moderate correlations between WHODAS 2.0 domains and WHOQOL-bref areas. The results indicated the validity of the WHODAS 2.0 for assessing the functionality of blind people

Effects of radiant exposure values using second and third generation light curing units on the degree of conversion of a lucirin-based resin composite

Alternative photoinitiators with different absorption wavelengths have been used in resin composites (RCs), so it is crucial to evaluate the effectiveness of light-curing units (LCUs) on these products. Objective Using Fourier transform infrared analysis (FTIR) in vitro, the effects of varying radiant exposure (RE) values generated by second and third generation LED LCUs on the degree of conversion (DC) and maximum rate of polymerization (Rpmax) of an experimental Lucirin TPO-based RC were evaluated. Material and Methods 1 mm or 2 mm thick silicon molds were positioned on a horizontal attenuated total reflectance (ATR) unit attached to an infrared spectroscope. The RC was inserted into the molds and exposed to varying REs (18, 36 and 56 J/cm2) using second (Radii Plus, SDI) and third generation LED LCUs (Bluephase G2/Ivoclar Vivadent) or a quartz tungsten based LCU (Optilux 501/SDS Kerr). FTIR spectra (n=7) were recorded for 10 min (1 spectrum/s, 16 scans/spectrum, resolution 4 cm-1) immediately after their application to the ATR. The DC was calculated using standard techniques for observing changes in aliphatic to aromatic peak ratios both prior to, and 10 min after curing, as well as during each 1 second interval. DC and Rpmax data were analyzed using 3-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post-hoc test (p=0.05). Results No significant difference in DC or Rpmax was observed between the 1 mm or 2 mm thick specimens when RE values were delivered by Optilux 501 or when the 1 mm thick composites were exposed to light emitted by Bluephase G2, which in turn promoted a lower DC when 18 J/cm2 (13 s) were delivered to the 2 mm thick specimens. Radii Plus promoted DC and Rpmax values close to zero under most conditions, while the delivery of 56 J/cm2 (40 s) resulted in low DC values. Conclusions The third generation LCU provided an optimal polymerization of Lucirin TPO-based RC under most tested conditions, whereas the second generation LED-curing unit was useless regardless of the RE

Evaluation of s355nl Steel Welded by Flux Cored Arc Welding Using Different Tubular Wires

High strength low alloy (HSLA) steels are used in several industrial sectors, as they have good mechanical strength and easy weldability. This HSLA is present in several areas, such as naval, petrochemical, piping, and civil construction. S355 NL steel is HSLA grade and has its application in the manufacture of the Brazilian submarine. For the manufacture and finishing of a Brazilian submarine, countless welds are performed during the assembly steps. The welding process currently applied is FCAW (Flux Cored Arc Welding), and the currently applied filler metal is of French origin. However, this import, from France to Brazil, makes manufacturing costs high and the waiting time for the imported product to arrive is long. Thus, in this work, the idea was to characterize a national filler metal (Brazilian) that similarly maintained the microstructure and consequently its mechanical and electrochemical properties concerning the imported filler metal (French). Therefore, the present work aimed at the microstructural, mechanical, and electrochemical characterization of S355NL structural steel welded by the FCAW process with national tubular wire (Brazilian) and imported tubular wire (French). We performed microstructural characterization with the aid of optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). For the mechanical characterization, we performed the following tests: tensile test, Vickers hardness, and impact at room temperature and -40ºC. In the electrochemical characterization, it generated polarization curves where the samples were exposed to a 3.5% NaCl solution to test the behavior in corrosive media. The results showed that the wires, national and imported, behaved homogeneously and uniformly concerning the mechanical properties. In the electrochemical part, the national material presented in the weld metal a corrosion current density interesting. Therefore, the national tubular wire is a promising filler metal for the welding application of this Brazilian submarine

Nursing diagnoses in intensive care: cross-mapping and NANDA-I taxonomy

Objective: to identify nursing diagnoses in intensive care unit (ICU) patients by means of a cross-mapping of terms contained in nursing records with the NANDA-I taxonomy. Method: an exploratory, descriptive study with a retrospective analysis of nursing records in 256 medical records of patients that were hospitalized in the general ICU of a hospital in the western border of the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Terms indicating conditions demanding nursing interventions were collected from the records; cross-mapping of these terms with the NANDA-I taxonomy diagnoses was performed and confirmed in a nursing focus group. Data were analyzed through descriptive statistics. Results: a total of 832 terms and expressions referring to 52 different diagnoses in 9 of the 13 domains of the NANDA-I taxonomy were identified. Conclusion: the present study enabled the identification of nursing diagnoses in patients hospitalized in ICUs, affecting care management, the training process of experts in the area, and information systems.Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Paulista Sch Nursing, Postgrad Program Nursing, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, BrazilUniv Fed Goias, Sch Nursing, Goiania, Go, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Paulista Sch Nursing, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Paulista Sch Nursing, Postgrad Program Nursing, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Paulista Sch Nursing, Sao Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

YIELD AND ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF CORN AND BRACHIARIA INTERCROPPING IN THE NORTHWESTERN PARANÁ

A consorciação de milho e Urochloa ruziziensis apresenta potencial para os sistemas de produção agrícola, permitindo a produção de grãos e biomassa remanescente. O estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a produtividade e a viabilidade econômica das modalidades de consórcio de milho e U. ruziziensis na região noroeste do Paraná. O experimento foi conduzido em Maringá-PR, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com cinco tratamentos (milho solteiro; U. ruziziensis solteira; milho com U. ruziziensis na entre linha; milho com U. ruziziensis na mesma linha; milho com U. ruziziensis em linhas intercaladas) e quatro repetições. Foi analisado o desenvolvimento inicial e produtividade de grãos do milho, e produção de biomassa de milho e U. ruziziensis. Os dados foram submetidos a análise de variância e as médias comparadas pelo teste Tukey com significância de 5%. No desenvolvimento inicial das plantas de milho não houve diferença significativa em função da consorciação. U. ruziziensis em sistema consorciado apresentou redução na produção de biomassa. O cultivo em linhas intercaladas apresentou produtividade de grãos superior as demais modalidades de consorciação e semelhante ao cultivo de milho solteiro.The maize and Urochloa ruziziensis intercropping have potential use for agricultural production systems, allowing the production of grains and biomass. The study aims to evaluate the yield and economic viability of corn and U. ruziziensis intercropping modalities in the northwestern region of Paraná. The experiment was conducted in Maringá-PR in a completely randomized design with five treatments (single corn; single U. ruziziensis; U. ruziziensis between the corn rows; corn with U. ruziziensis in the same row; corn rows interspersed with U. ruziziensis rows) and four replicates. Initial development, grain yield of corn, and the production of biomass of corn and U. ruziziensis were evaluated. The data were submitted to analysis of variance. The means were compared by the Tukey test at 5% probability. In the initial development of corn plants, there was no significant difference due to intercropping. U. ruziziensis in the intercropped system had a reduction in biomass production. Intercropping with corn rows interspersed with U. ruziziensis rows had grain yield higher than other intercropping modalities and similar to single corn cultivatio