Você diz que quer uma revolução: todos queremos mudar o mundo

The book “Leading the Revolution”, by Gary Hamel, brings important contributions to innovation studies when associated with the strategy. The author states that we are on the threshold of revolution era in which traditional forms of performance’ search for organizations no longer work. The milestone of this new era, according to Gary Hamel, is the radical innovation, whose most important feature is making difference for the customer, creating value for the organization and preparing it for the future, through changing its business model, if necessary. This paperwork, besides discussing some of Gary Hamel’s works, “Leading the Revolution”, in particular, investigates the influence of this book in other authors’ work, through bibliometric techniques. We have identified four approaches adopted by authors that use “Leading the Revolution” as a reference: change management; entrepreneurship; strategy and competitiveness and innovation. This work provides an analysis of the impact of “Leading the Revolution” and brings ways for the use of Hamel's theory in future studies of innovation and strategy.O livro “Leading the Revolution” ou “Liderando a Revolução”, de Gary Hamel, traz importantes contribuições para os estudos de inovação quando associados à estratégia. O autor afirma que estamos no limiar da era da revolução em que as formas tradicionais de buscar desempenho para as organizações não funcionam mais. A marca desta nova era, segundo Gary Hamel, é a inovação radical, cuja característica mais importante é fazer diferença para o cliente, gerando valor para a organização e prepará-la para o futuro, se necessário, mudando seu modelo de negócio. Este trabalho, além de discutir algumas obras de Gary Hamel, “Liderando a Revolução”, em especial, investiga a influência do livro em obras de outros autores por meio de técnicas bibliométricas. Identificamos quatro abordagens adotadas pelos autores que usam “Liderando a Revolução” como referência: gestão de mudanças; empreendedorismo; estratégia e competitividade e inovação.  Este trabalho oferece uma análise do impacto de Liderando a Revolução e traz caminhos para o uso da teoria de Hamel em estudos futuros de inovação e estratégia.

You say you want a revolution: we all want to change the world

O livro “Leading the Revolution” ou “Liderando a Revolução”, de Gary Hamel, traz importantes contribuições para os estudos de inovação quando associados à estratégia. O autor afirma que estamos no limiar da era da revolução em que as formas tradicionais de buscar desempenho para as organizações não funcionam mais. A marca desta nova era, segundo Gary Hamel, é a inovação radical, cuja característica mais importante é fazer diferença para o cliente, gerando valor para a organização e prepará-la para o futuro, se necessário, mudando seu modelo de negócio. Este trabalho, além de discutir algumas obras de Gary Hamel, “Liderando a Revolução”, em especial, investiga a influência do livro em obras de outros autores por meio de técnicas bibliométricas. Identificamos quatro abordagens adotadas pelos autores que usam “Liderando a Revolução” como referência: gestão de mudanças; empreendedorismo; estratégia e competitividade e inovação.  Este trabalho oferece uma análise do impacto de Liderando a Revolução e traz caminhos para o uso da teoria de Hamel em estudos futuros de inovação e estratégia. The book “Leading the Revolution”, by Gary Hamel, brings important contributions to innovation studies when associated with the strategy. The author states that we are on the threshold of revolution era in which traditional forms of performance’ search for organizations no longer work. The milestone of this new era, according to Gary Hamel, is the radical innovation, whose most important feature is making difference for the customer, creating value for the organization and preparing it for the future, through changing its business model, if necessary. This paperwork, besides discussing some of Gary Hamel’s works, “Leading the Revolution”, in particular, investigates the influence of this book in other authors’ work, through bibliometric techniques. We have identified four approaches adopted by authors that use “Leading the Revolution” as a reference: change management; entrepreneurship; strategy and competitiveness and innovation. This work provides an analysis of the impact of “Leading the Revolution” and brings ways for the use of Hamel's theory in future studies of innovation and strategy

Suppression of Aβ toxicity by puromycin-sensitive aminopeptidase is independent of its proteolytic activity.

The accumulation of β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide in the brain is one of the pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease and is thought to be of primary aetiological significance. In an unbiased genetic screen, we identified puromycin-sensitive aminopeptidase (PSA) as a potent suppressor of Aβ toxicity in a Drosophila model system. We established that coexpression of Drosophila PSA (dPSA) in the flies' brains improved their lifespan, protected against locomotor deficits, and reduced brain Aβ levels by clearing the Aβ plaque-like deposits. However, confocal microscopy and subcellular fractionation of amyloid-expressing 7PA2 cells demonstrated that PSA localizes to the cytoplasm. Therefore, PSA and Aβ are unlikely to be in the same cellular compartment; moreover, when we artificially placed them in the same compartment in flies, we could not detect a direct epistatic interaction. The consequent hypothesis that PSA's suppression of Aβ toxicity is indirect was supported by the finding that Aβ is not a proteolytic substrate for PSA in vitro. Furthermore, we showed that the enzymatic activity of PSA is not required for rescuing Aβ toxicity in neuronal SH-SY5Y cells. We investigated whether the stimulation of autophagy by PSA was responsible for these protective effects. However PSA's promotion of autophagosome fusion with lysosomes required proteolytic activity and so its effect on autophagy is not identical to its protection against Aβ toxicity

A Genome-Wide siRNA Screen to Identify Modulators of Insulin Sensitivity and Gluconeogenesis

BACKGROUND: Hepatic insulin resistance impairs insulin's ability to suppress hepatic glucose production (HGP) and contributes to the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Although the interests to discover novel genes that modulate insulin sensitivity and HGP are high, it remains challenging to have a human cell based system to identify novel genes. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: To identify genes that modulate hepatic insulin signaling and HGP, we generated a human cell line stably expressing beta-lactamase under the control of the human glucose-6-phosphatase (G6PC) promoter (AH-G6PC cells). Both beta-lactamase activity and endogenous G6PC mRNA were increased in AH-G6PC cells by a combination of dexamethasone and pCPT-cAMP, and reduced by insulin. A 4-gene High-Throughput-Genomics assay was developed to concomitantly measure G6PC and pyruvate-dehydrogenase-kinase-4 (PDK4) mRNA levels. Using this assay, we screened an siRNA library containing pooled siRNA targeting 6650 druggable genes and identified 614 hits that lowered G6PC expression without increasing PDK4 mRNA levels. Pathway analysis indicated that siRNA-mediated knockdown (KD) of genes known to positively or negatively affect insulin signaling increased or decreased G6PC mRNA expression, respectively, thus validating our screening platform. A subset of 270 primary screen hits was selected and 149 hits were confirmed by target gene KD by pooled siRNA and 7 single siRNA for each gene to reduce G6PC expression in 4-gene HTG assay. Subsequently, pooled siRNA KD of 113 genes decreased PEPCK and/or PGC1alpha mRNA expression thereby demonstrating their role in regulating key gluconeogenic genes in addition to G6PC. Last, KD of 61 of the above 113 genes potentiated insulin-stimulated Akt phosphorylation, suggesting that they suppress gluconeogenic gene by enhancing insulin signaling. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: These results support the proposition that the proteins encoded by the genes identified in our cell-based druggable genome siRNA screen hold the potential to serve as novel pharmacological targets for the treatment of T2D

Prevalence of TMD and its impact on quality of life in male construction workers / Prevalência de DTM e impacto na qualidade de vida de trabalhadores na construção civil

Background: Temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD) can significantly affect the quality of life of individuals. However, evidence of TMD involvement and the extent of the impacts caused by it, in groups exposed to a stressful routine, are still scarce. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of TMD signs and symptoms and their impact on quality of life related to oral health in construction workers. Material and methods: This cross-sectional study included only male individuals. Illiterate workers and functional illiterate were excluded. The diagnosis of TMD was established according to the Research Diagnostic Criteria for TMD (RDC/TMD). The Oral Health Impact Profile questionnaire validated for Portuguese (OHIP-14) was used to assess the impact of TMD on oral health and quality of life. Descriptive analysis of TMD signs and symptoms was performed. Data related to the OHIP-14 questionnaire were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test. Pearson's correlation was also performed. The established alpha of this study was 5%. Results: 230 individuals were included. The mean age was 37.8 (SD=11) years. The most frequent TMD sign and the symptom was disc displacement, 86 (37.39%) of the individuals. OHIP-14 demonstrated a statistically significant difference when compared to all TMD signs and symptoms (p<0.001). A weak correlation was observed between pain and OHIP-14 (r=0.366; p<0.0001). Conclusion: TMD affects oral health and quality of life for construction workers

A experiência da Rede de Agroecologia do Leste Paulista (SP) – Brasil

A Rede de Agroecologia do Leste Paulista (SP) – Brasil foi criada em 2005 a partir de uma articulação entre Agricultores(as) Familiares da região e de um conjunto de organizações governamentais e não governamentais de ensino, pesquisa e extensão com o objetivo de contribuir para o desenvolvimento local sustentável fundamentado nos princípios da Agroecologia. Para isso, as estratégias desenvolvidas pela Rede ao longo desses dez anos foram pautadas por processos participativos voltados à construção do conhecimento e da transição agroecológica de unidades familiares de produção numa perspectiva territorial. Dentre as diferentes atividades de interação e de construção do conhecimento agroecológico, destaca-se o trabalho desenvolvido em Unidades de Referência (UR) implantadas, conduzidas e monitoradas em áreas dos próprios Agricultores Familiares. O presente trabalho aborda os aspectos positivos (fortalezas e potencialidades) e negativos (debilidades e resistências) desse processo, além de apontar alguns caminhos para o fortalecimento e consolidação da referida Rede.Eje: B6 Desarrollo rural, movimientos sociales, Estado y agroecología (Relatos de experiencias)Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestale

Evolutionary Heritage Influences Amazon Tree Ecology

Lineages tend to retain ecological characteristics of their ancestors through time. However, for some traits, selection during evolutionary history may have also played a role in determining trait values. To address the relative importance of these processes requires large-scale quantification of traits and evolutionary relationships among species. The Amazonian tree flora comprises a high diversity of angiosperm lineages and species with widely differing life-history characteristics, providing an excellent system to investigate the combined influences of evolutionary heritage and selection in determining trait variation. We used trait data related to the major axes of life-history variation among tropical trees (e.g. growth and mortality rates) from 577 inventory plots in closed-canopy forest, mapped onto a phylogenetic hypothesis spanning more than 300 genera including all major angiosperm clades to test for evolutionary constraints on traits. We found significant phylogenetic signal (PS) for all traits, consistent with evolutionarily related genera having more similar characteristics than expected by chance. Although there is also evidence for repeated evolution of pioneer and shade tolerant life-history strategies within independent lineages, the existence of significant PS allows clearer predictions of the links between evolutionary diversity, ecosystem function and the response of tropical forests to global change

Hyperdominance in Amazonian Forest Carbon Cycling

While Amazonian forests are extraordinarily diverse, the abundance of trees is skewed strongly towards relatively few ‘hyperdominant’ species. In addition to their diversity, Amazonian trees are a key component of the global carbon cycle, assimilating and storing more carbon than any other ecosystem on Earth. Here we ask, using a unique data set of 530 forest plots, if the functions of storing and producing woody carbon are concentrated in a small number of tree species, whether the most abundant species also dominate carbon cycling, and whether dominant species are characterized by specific functional traits. We find that dominance of forest function is even more concentrated in a few species than is dominance of tree abundance, with only ≈1% of Amazon tree species responsible for 50% of carbon storage and productivity. Although those species that contribute most to biomass and productivity are often abundant, species maximum size is also influential, while the identity and ranking of dominant species varies by function and by region