INTEGRAÇÃO DA REALIDADE VIVENCIADA NO PROCESSO DE ENSINO-APRENEDIZAGEM: A EXPERIÊNCIA DO PIBID (PROGRAMA INSTITUCIONAL DE BOLSAS DE INICIAÇÃO À DOCÊNCIA) DE GEOGRAFIA NA CIDADE DE BARREIRAS - BAHIA

Este artigo foi desenvolvido perante as atividades do Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação à Docência (PIBID) durante o período de um ano. As pesquisas foram realizadas numa Escola Pública do Ensino Médio na cidade de Barreiras – BA. Traz como objetivo demonstrar as possibilidades de se relacionar os conteúdos do livro didático a exemplos mais próximos à realidade do docente e dos estudantes. Como estratégia pedagógica, utilizou-se o trabalho de campo e a construção de vídeos curtos pelos estudantes sobre o conteúdo “água: usos e problemas”, com referência no ambiente urbano da referida cidade, enfatizando as contradições deste espaço. O trabalho apresenta ainda uma discussão sobre o uso de novos instrumentos pedagógicos e a inserção de novas linguagens ao estudo de Geografia

PHYSICAL, CHEMICAL, AND BIOLOGICAL SOIL ATTRIBUTES UNDER ANALOG AGROFORESTRY SYSTEM AND PASTURE SITES

Analog agroforestry system uses native tree species to improve soil conditions and the microclimate of degraded areas. This study aimed to assess the impact of analog agroforestry on physical, chemical, and biological soil attributes. We tested the hypothesis that some of these attributes can be used as indicators of soil quality improvement compared to a managed pasture area. Two experimental sites were selected, an analog agroforestry site and a pasture site. In October 2016 (end of the dry season), soil samples were collected from the 0–5 and 5–10 cm depths and the soil fauna community was sampled using pitfall traps. The analog agroforestry system led to increased total abundance, total richness, mean richness, evenness, and diversity of the soil fauna community as well as higher gravimetric soil moisture, sand content, pH, calcium, magnesium, and sum of exchangeable bases, which are good indicators of soil quality. Adults of Coleoptera, Diptera, Gastropoda, Hymenoptera, Isopoda, Lepidoptera, Poduromorpha, Symphypleona, Pseudoscorpionida, Lepidoptera and larvae of Coleoptera, Diptera, Lepidoptera, and Neuroptera were the most abundant taxonomic groups in the analog agroforestry system

PRODUÇÃO DE MUDAS MICORRIZADAS DE Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi. EM DIFERENTES SUBSTRATOS

The present work aimed to evaluate the effetc of two types of substratum (S1 and S2), in the presence or absence of arbuscular mycorhizal fungi (AMF), on Schinus terebinthifolius seedlings, using tubes of 280 mL. The experiment was carried out in greenhouse at Departamento de Solos, Instituto de Agronomia, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, to June from September 2005. S1 and S2 were constituted by a mixture (in volume), previously disinfested, of rocks’s fosfato (10%), washed thick sand (30%), clay (30%) and organic matter (30%). For S1, the source of organic matter was industrial residue of synthetic rubber production (LETRIP), whereas for S2, bovine manure. The experimental design was completely randomized in a split-plot with 24 replicates and 6 plants per plot. At 120 days after experiment instalation, S2 showed to be superior than S1 for most of the datas (height, diameter, shoot and root dry mass, N, P and K shoot concentrations, and N root concentration). There wasn’t any significant difference between the inoculated and not inoculated treatments, probably because of the high nutrients concentration in S1 and S2. And so it was the reason of the absence of root colonization in S2. LETRIP played a protector effect in native AMF spores against fungicide action, which permited root colonization in S1 without inoculation. In conclusion, S2 was more indicated to S. terebinthifolius seedling production.Avaliou-se a influência de dois tipos de substrato (S1 e S2), na ausência e na presença de inoculação de fungos micorrízicos arbusculares (FMA), na produção de mudas de Schinus terebinthifolius em tubetes de 280 mL. O experimento foi realizado em casa de vegetação do Departamento de Solos do Instituto de Agronomia, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, no período de junho a setembro de 2005. S1 e S2 se constituíram numa mistura (em volume), previamente desinfestada, de fosfato de rocha (10%), areia grossa lavada (30%), material argiloso (30%) e matéria orgânica (30%). Para S1, a fonte de matéria orgânica foi resíduo industrial de produção de borracha sintética (LETRIP), enquanto que para S2, esterco bovino curtido. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado, em esquema de parcelas subdivididas, com 24 repetições, com 6 plantas por parcela. Aos 120 dias após a montagem do experimento, observou-se que S2 proporcionou às mudas ganhos significativos em praticamente todas as variáveis analisadas (altura, diâmetro, massa seca de parte aérea e de raiz, teor de N, P e K na parte aérea, e de N na raiz), em comparação com S1. Não houve diferença significativa entre os substratos quanto à ausência e presença de FMA, possivelmente em função dos elevados teores de nutrientes em S1 e S2. A esse mesmo fato se atribuiu a ausência de colonização de raízes por FMA em S2. O LETRIP desempenhou efeito protetor-encapsulador de esporos de FMA nativos contra a ação do fungicida, o que permitiu a colonização de raízes em S1 na ausência de inoculação. Portanto, S2 mostrou ser mais indicado para a produção de mudas de S. terebinthifolius

Spatial Evaluation and Modeling of Dengue Seroprevalence and Vector Density in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Dengue is a major public health problem in many tropical regions of the world, including Brazil, where Aedes aegypti is the main vector. We present a household study that combines data on dengue fever seroprevalence, recent dengue infection, and vector density, in three neighborhoods of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, during its most devastating dengue epidemic to date. This integrated entomological–serological survey showed evidence of silent transmission even during a severe epidemic. Also, past exposure to dengue virus was highly associated with age and living in areas of high movement of individuals and social/commercial activity. No association was observed between household infestation index and risk of dengue infection in these areas. Our findings are discussed in the light of current theories regarding transmission thresholds and relative role of mosquitoes and humans as vectors of dengue viruses

ATLANTIC EPIPHYTES: a data set of vascular and non-vascular epiphyte plants and lichens from the Atlantic Forest

Epiphytes are hyper-diverse and one of the frequently undervalued life forms in plant surveys and biodiversity inventories. Epiphytes of the Atlantic Forest, one of the most endangered ecosystems in the world, have high endemism and radiated recently in the Pliocene. We aimed to (1) compile an extensive Atlantic Forest data set on vascular, non-vascular plants (including hemiepiphytes), and lichen epiphyte species occurrence and abundance; (2) describe the epiphyte distribution in the Atlantic Forest, in order to indicate future sampling efforts. Our work presents the first epiphyte data set with information on abundance and occurrence of epiphyte phorophyte species. All data compiled here come from three main sources provided by the authors: published sources (comprising peer-reviewed articles, books, and theses), unpublished data, and herbarium data. We compiled a data set composed of 2,095 species, from 89,270 holo/hemiepiphyte records, in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, recorded from 1824 to early 2018. Most of the records were from qualitative data (occurrence only, 88%), well distributed throughout the Atlantic Forest. For quantitative records, the most common sampling method was individual trees (71%), followed by plot sampling (19%), and transect sampling (10%). Angiosperms (81%) were the most frequently registered group, and Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae were the families with the greatest number of records (27,272 and 21,945, respectively). Ferns and Lycophytes presented fewer records than Angiosperms, and Polypodiaceae were the most recorded family, and more concentrated in the Southern and Southeastern regions. Data on non-vascular plants and lichens were scarce, with a few disjunct records concentrated in the Northeastern region of the Atlantic Forest. For all non-vascular plant records, Lejeuneaceae, a family of liverworts, was the most recorded family. We hope that our effort to organize scattered epiphyte data help advance the knowledge of epiphyte ecology, as well as our understanding of macroecological and biogeographical patterns in the Atlantic Forest. No copyright restrictions are associated with the data set. Please cite this Ecology Data Paper if the data are used in publication and teaching events. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ

Fungos Micorrízicos Arbusculares em Dois Fragmentos Florestais de Restinga Periodicamente Inundável em Marambaia, RJ

RESUMO O presente estudo objetivou avaliar a ocorrência de fungos micorrízicos arbusculares (FMA) em dois fragmentos florestais (FF 1 e FF 2) de Restinga periodicamente inundável, dispostos em um gradiente de saturação hídrica do solo em Marambaia, RJ. Em cada área foram coletadas amostras da camada superficial (0-5 cm), para avaliação da comunidade de FMA e dos atributos do solo. Entre as seis espécies de FMA encontradas, cinco foram comuns a ambas as áreas eAcaulospora scrobiculata se restringiu a FF 1.Acaulospora e Glomus foram os gêneros mais adaptados às condições ambientais dos ecossistemas. Não houve diferença significativa entre os fragmentos quanto à riqueza de espécies de FMA. Contudo, a abundância de esporos foi maior no FF 1. Parte destes resultados pode ser um reflexo dos menores valores de P disponível, teor de água e temperatura do solo no FF 1, quando comparado ao FF 2

Estudos e ações em informação e educação - 2013

No texto são relatadas as atividades e as discussões ocorridas durante o IV Seminário Estudos e Ações em Informação e Educação, realizado nos dias 02 e 03 de dezembro de 2013. Com o tema O fluxo metodológico da pesquisa na pós-graduação o Grupo de Pesquisa Informação, Tecnologia e Sociedade (GrITS), idealizador e organizador do evento, teve como objetivos; a)  mostrar as técnicas empregadas pelos pesquisadores na captura dos dados para a pesquisa, focando mais nas modalidades entrevista e questionário; b) socializar o que os pesquisadores experimentaram ao aplicá-la; c) os desafios que precisaram superar na conclusão desta etapa da pesquisa; e d) os resultados obtidos. O referido seminário que envolveu docentes, pesquisadores e estudantes do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência da Informação (PGCIN) e do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Gestão do Conhecimento (PPGEGC) mostrou um pouco das temáticas exploradas pelo GrITS nas suas duas linhas de pesquisa a) Informação, Educação, Ética e Representação de Sociedade e b) Gestão da Informação, Qualidade e Tecnologia levando para conhecimento e debate a produção de pesquisas realizadas e em desenvolvimento no grupo no período 2009-2012.

Effect of Tocilizumab vs Usual Care in Adults Hospitalized With COVID-19 and Moderate or Severe Pneumonia

International audienceImportance Severe pneumonia with hyperinflammation and elevated interleukin-6 is a common presentation of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).Objective To determine whether tocilizumab (TCZ) improves outcomes of patients hospitalized with moderate-to-severe COVID-19 pneumonia.Design, Setting, and Particpants This cohort-embedded, investigator-initiated, multicenter, open-label, bayesian randomized clinical trial investigating patients with COVID-19 and moderate or severe pneumonia requiring at least 3 L/min of oxygen but without ventilation or admission to the intensive care unit was conducted between March 31, 2020, to April 18, 2020, with follow-up through 28 days. Patients were recruited from 9 university hospitals in France. Analyses were performed on an intention-to-treat basis with no correction for multiplicity for secondary outcomes.Interventions Patients were randomly assigned to receive TCZ, 8 mg/kg, intravenously plus usual care on day 1 and on day 3 if clinically indicated (TCZ group) or to receive usual care alone (UC group). Usual care included antibiotic agents, antiviral agents, corticosteroids, vasopressor support, and anticoagulants.Main Outcomes and Measures Primary outcomes were scores higher than 5 on the World Health Organization 10-point Clinical Progression Scale (WHO-CPS) on day 4 and survival without need of ventilation (including noninvasive ventilation) at day 14. Secondary outcomes were clinical status assessed with the WHO-CPS scores at day 7 and day 14, overall survival, time to discharge, time to oxygen supply independency, biological factors such as C-reactive protein level, and adverse events.Results Of 131 patients, 64 patients were randomly assigned to the TCZ group and 67 to UC group; 1 patient in the TCZ group withdrew consent and was not included in the analysis. Of the 130 patients, 42 were women (32%), and median (interquartile range) age was 64 (57.1-74.3) years. In the TCZ group, 12 patients had a WHO-CPS score greater than 5 at day 4 vs 19 in the UC group (median posterior absolute risk difference [ARD] −9.0%; 90% credible interval [CrI], −21.0 to 3.1), with a posterior probability of negative ARD of 89.0% not achieving the 95% predefined efficacy threshold. At day 14, 12% (95% CI −28% to 4%) fewer patients needed noninvasive ventilation (NIV) or mechanical ventilation (MV) or died in the TCZ group than in the UC group (24% vs 36%, median posterior hazard ratio [HR] 0.58; 90% CrI, 0.33-1.00), with a posterior probability of HR less than 1 of 95.0%, achieving the predefined efficacy threshold. The HR for MV or death was 0.58 (90% CrI, 0.30 to 1.09). At day 28, 7 patients had died in the TCZ group and 8 in the UC group (adjusted HR, 0.92; 95% CI 0.33-2.53). Serious adverse events occurred in 20 (32%) patients in the TCZ group and 29 (43%) in the UC group (P = .21).Conclusions and Relevance In this randomized clinical trial of patients with COVID-19 and pneumonia requiring oxygen support but not admitted to the intensive care unit, TCZ did not reduce WHO-CPS scores lower than 5 at day 4 but might have reduced the risk of NIV, MV, or death by day 14. No difference on day 28 mortality was found. Further studies are necessary for confirming these preliminary results.Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT0433180

Effect of anakinra versus usual care in adults in hospital with COVID-19 and mild-to-moderate pneumonia (CORIMUNO-ANA-1): a randomised controlled trial

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