Sistematización de una experiencia pedagógica en educación preescolar en una institución pública del Municipio de Santa Rosa de Cabal, Risaralda/Colombia

El objetivo de este trabajo fue sistematizar una experiencia pedagógica en preescolar basada en la metodología “Pequeños Científicos”. Se diseñó una unidad didáctica de ciencias naturales sobre los alimentos con aprendizaje a partir de experiencias reales, trabajo en equipo y elaboración de bitácoras. Se realizaron varias entrevistas semiestructuradas a la docente. Se encontró que las unidades didácticas permiten llevar una hilaridad en los temas que se pretende trabajar, facilitando al docente planear sus clases. Y que la metodología “pequeños científicos” promueve la inclusión en las aulas por medio del fortalecimiento de trabajo en equipo, además de ser una nueva herramienta que tiene múltiples beneficios para los docentes a la hora de enseñar ciencias naturales

Aqueous phase reforming of starch wastewater over Pt and Pt-based bimetallic catalysts for green hydrogen production

This work analyses the application of aqueous phase reforming (APR) for green hydrogen production from starch industry wastewater. This work reports for the first time on the direct conversion of a high molecular weight biomass polymer contained in wastewater in contrast to low molecular weight substrates mainly reported in the literature. The potential of this type of feedstock was evaluated by varying the starch source (rice, potato, sweet potato and cassava) and the type of catalyst (carbon supported Pt, PtRu, PtPd, PtRe and PtRh catalysts). In APR experiments at 220 °C with synthetic wastewater, PtRu/C and Pt/C catalysts achieved the highest H2 yield values, around 51 mmol H2 per g of organic carbon in the initial wastewater, close to 2.6 times higher than that reported in the literature of brewery wastewater, a promising substrate. The lack of free aldehyde or keto groups due to glycosidic bonds between glucose units in starch results in higher conversion to gas and H2 production compared to APR of glucose. This fact shows that APR has more feedstock flexibility than that previously reported for light compounds. In the experiments with real wastewaters, the organic matter removal was influenced largely by the starch source: the best APR performance (28.5 mmol H2 gTOCi−1) was obtained for rice processing wastewater, which is characterized by the highest starch concentration and the lowest protein content. Poor performance was observed in the APR of potato processing wastewater, probably due to catalyst deactivation caused by protein fractio

Influence of bicarbonate, other anions and carbon dioxide in the activity of Pd-Cu catalysts for nitrate reduction in drinking water

Synthetic and commercial drinking waters with different composition were studied as reaction media to study the influence of salts in NO3- catalytic reduction using a Pd-Cu catalyst supported on a carbon black. As a general trend, a decrease in NO3- conversion and an increase in NH4+ selectivity were observed for high HCO3- concentration media in mixed salts waters. Literature has commonly ascribed HCO3- effect to competitive adsorption with NO3-. However, in the current work, the mechanism for effect HCO3- is reconsidered basis on HCO2- formation during NO3- catalytic reduction, here reported for the first time. HCO2- formation indicates that hydrogenation of HCO3- occurs in addition to adsorption. Likewise, decomposition of HCO2- on the catalysts surface releases hydrogen leading to increased spill-over and relevant hydrogenation of NO3- to NH4+. The presence of SO42-, Cl- reduces NH4+ selectivity due to competition for active sites and lower HCO2- generation. Furthermore, it was observed that the use of CO2 as buffer also contribute to the hydrogenation of NO3- to NH4+ through HCO2- routeThe authors greatly appreciate the support from Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigacion ´ RTI2018-098431-B-I00 (MCIU/AEI/FEDER, UE). Dydia Tanisha Gonzalez ´ thanks the Regional Government of Madrid a research grant (PEJ-2020-AI/AMB-17551

Unihoc as an alternative sport in education field

Este trabajo aborda la inclusión de deportes alternativos en las clases de Educación Física. Mediante el uso de los juegos alternativos en las sesiones de Educación Física, se pueden desarrollar diferentes objetivos del currículo, así como fomentar valores esenciales, aumentar la participación de los alumnos y alumnas durante las clases y a su vez, la motivación y atracción por las clases de Educación Física. Además, para desarrollar los deportes alternativos en el aula, es importante la implementación de la metodología comprensiva, partiendo de los aspectos más globales del deporte y poco a poco centrando la atención en aspectos más técnicos. Por ello, en este documento se recogen los aspectos básicos de juego del UniHoc con el objetivo de facilitar a los docentes de Educación Física el desarrollo de este deporte en las sesiones de Educación Física. Algunos de los beneficios de los deportes alternativos es su gran aceptación por parte de todo el alumnado debido a que sus reglas son simples y permiten mucha versatilidad pudiendo ser adaptadas a diferentes necesidades. Por último, los deportes alternativos ayudan a proponer nuevas situaciones educativas y recreativasThis work addresses the issue of alternative sports in Physical Education classes. By using alternative games in the classroom, different curriculum objectives can be developed, as well as fostering essential values in students, increasing student participation in classes, and in turn, motivating and attracting physical education classes. To develop alternative sports in the classroom, it is important to implement the comprehensive methodology, starting from the more global aspects of the sport and gradually focusing attention on more technical aspects. Therefore, this article includes the basics of Unihoc's game with the aim of making it easier for physical education teachers to develop alternative sports in the classroom. Some of the benefits of alternative sports is their great acceptance by all students because their rules are basic and allow a lot of versatility and can be adapted to different needs. Finally, alternative sports help propose new educational and recreational situation

Proposal for a Didactic Unit for Physical Education: "knowing sports for people with visual disabilities"

En la actualidad, aplicar una Educación Física Inclusiva en su máxima amplitud reside en que esta permite a los alumnos cooperar y mostrar respecto hacia las diferencias. Por ello, el trabajo tiene como objetivo desarrollar una propuesta de Unidad Didáctica para Educación Física relacionada con los Deportes Adaptados para personas con discapacidad visual o ciegas. Además, se describe el origen de estos deportes y algunas propuestas para poder llevarlos a cabo en el aula. Igualmente, se presentan los diferentes apartados que forman una Unidad Didáctica, incluyendo tanto las adaptaciones curriculares cómo las orientaciones básicas para poder llevarla a cabo en las clases. La asignatura de Educación Física es un pilar fundamental a la hora de promocionar la inclusión en el contexto educativo. Por tanto, es recomendable realizar diferentes propuestas para otros niveles educativos con la finalidad de favorecer las actitudes positivas del alumnado hacia las desigualdadesCurrently, applying Inclusive Physical Education to its fullest extent resides in the fact that it allows students to cooperate and show respect towards differences. For this reason, the work aims to develop a proposal for a Didactic Unit for Physical Education related to Adapted Sports for people with visual disabilities or blind people. Also, it describes the origin of these sports and some proposals to be able to carry them out in the classroom. In the development of this work, the different sections that make up a Didactic Unit are presented, including both the curricular adaptations and the basic orientations to be able to carry it out in the classes. The Physical Education subject is a fundamental pillar when promoting inclusion in the educational context. Therefore, it is advisable to make different proposals for other educational levels to promote positive attitudes of students towards inequalitie

Assessment of sulfuric acid as pH control agent in catalytic nitrate reduction in drinking waters

H2SO4 was thoroughly assessed as an alternative to CO2 as pH controller, as it allows for to a much precise dosage control. Catalytic nitrate reduction tests using a Pd-Cu catalyst supported on a carbon black were performed using both Milli-Q grade and real natural drinking waters spiked with NO3– in batch reactors. Conversion and selectivity results were equivalent to those obtained for CO2 use, obtaining total NO3– conversion and final NH4+ selectivity around 30 % for a pH range of 5.5–6 using a 0.05 M H2SO4 solution. Good stability of the catalyst in natural drinking water with the higher salt content studied was observed through reaction cycles, despite the presence of SO42- in the reaction medium, with total NO3– conversion after four reaction cycles and final NH4+ concentration of less than 16 mg/L were obtained, making H2SO4 a promising alternative to CO2 as pH controller in the catalytic NO3– reductionRTI2018-098431-B-I0

Proposal for a didactic unit for physical education: “Goalball as an inclusion tool”

La Educación Física Inclusiva permite llevar a cabo una participación por parte de todo el alumnado presente en las aulas, independientemente de sus capacidades. Por ello, en este estudio se lleva a cabo una propuesta de Unidad Didáctica para la asignatura de Educación Física relacionada con el Goalball como deporte para personas con discapacidad visual o ciegas. Además, se presentan los diferentes apartados que conforman una Unidad Didáctica, así como las diferentes adaptaciones y metodologías a emplear en el aula. La asignatura de Educación Física puede ser un pilar fundamental a la hora de trabajar la inclusión a través del deporte inclusivo como contenido de la asignatura, con la finalidad de desarrollar los objetivos y contenidos propuestos por el docente. Además, esta asignatura puede ser una herramienta de inclusión y de mejora de actitudes hacia las personas con discapacidad. Para finalizar, es recomendable llevar a cabo diferentes propuestas para diferentes niveles educativos con el objetivo de desarrollar una actitud positiva por parte del alumnado hacia las personas con discapacidad.Inclusive Physical Education allows active participation by all students in the classroom, regardless of their abilities. Therefore, this study aims to develop a proposal for a Didactic Unit for Physical Education related with Goalball, a specifi c sport for people with visual impairment or blindness. The different sections that make up a Didactic Unit are presented, as well as the different adaptations and methodologies that can be used in the classroom. The Physical Education subject is a fundamental pillar when promoting inclusion in the educational context, through this subject the teacher can develop the different objectives and content. Furthermore, this subject can be a tool for inclusion and improvement of attitudes towards people with disabilities. Finally, it is advisable to make different proposals for other educational levels to promote positive attitudes of students towards inequalities

Simulación computacional del cocinado de hamburguesas a la plancha.

Se propone en este trabajo una metodología para simular el cocinado de hamburguesas acoplando los fenómenos de transferencia de calor, masa y la deformación del alimento durante el proceso. El modelo predice la evolución de la temperatura en el centro de la hamburguesa, la pérdida de peso y la retracción

Highly selective chemical reduction of nitrate in water in carbon-based contactor catalytic membrane reactors

A carbon-based catalytic membrane reactor in a contactor (interfacial) configuration has been used as an approach to control selectivity in the reduction of NO3- in water. Water and hydrogen fed to the reactor circulate tangentially on opposite sides of the membrane, which acts as a separator and contactor, enabling hydrogen transfer to the water phase. Powdered carbons (carbon black, carbon nanofiber, and activated carbon) were used to prepare catalytic membranes that also acted as contactors to transfer H2 from the gas phase to water. The membranes based on the Pd-Cu/carbon black catalyst showed lower selectivity towards unwanted NH4+ than the Pd-Cu and Pd-Sn catalysts supported on carbon nanofibers and activated carbon, due to a good balance among conductivity, external surface area, and particle size. Sensitivity analysis for H2 partial pressure demonstrated that the contactor membrane reactor can be operated with control of H2 mass transfer, hence enabling enhanced control of the selectivity to NH4+. Additional control of selectivity was achieved by reducing the catalytic layer thickness of the membrane, which improved NO3- transport and decreased the H/N ratio at the active centers. With these approaches, NO3- conversion values above 40 % with negligible NH4+ production and NO3- conversions close to 60 % with NH4+ selectivity values around 3 % were achievedRTI2018–098431-BI00, PID2021–122248OB-I0

Assessment of HARMONIE-AROME in the simulation of the convective activity associated to a subtropical transition using satellite data

Producción CientíficaSubtropical transition events (STT) are a challenge for forecasting and research due to the hybrid characteristics they give to the cyclones. The ability and skillfulness of the HARMONIE-AROME model to reproduce the cloud structure and convection associated to the October 2014 STT is here evaluated. Brightness temperature, cloud top height and accumulated precipitation are assessed against satellite data using traditional skill scores and object-based techniques specific to forecasting spatial evaluation. The results present differences in the simulation of the cyclone between the periods before and after the transition. They also show a very good performance of the model in the location of the events and a good simulation of the intensity of the variables. The performance is sub-optimal for the estimation of the sizes of the convective objects. Brightness temperature and cloud top heights yield very good results in general, with a slight overestimation in both cases. However, the model struggles to capture the accumulated precipitation. There is scarce work evaluating the HARMONIE-AROME model in this type of events; nevertheless, the results are in line with those produced by the simulations with other numerical models. The overall performance of the model is very adequate, although it might be hindered by the internal stability of the model produced by the deep-convection computation.Agencia Estatal de Investigación (PID2019-105306RB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033)Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación de España - FPI program (PRE2020-092343