Identifying factors associated with sedentary time after stroke. Secondary analysis of pooled data from nine primary studies.

<p><b>Background</b>: High levels of sedentary time increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, including recurrent stroke.</p> <p><b>Objective</b>: This study aimed to identify factors associated with high sedentary time in community-dwelling people with stroke.</p> <p><b>Methods</b>: For this data pooling study, authors of published and ongoing trials that collected sedentary time data, using the activPAL monitor, in community-dwelling people with stroke were invited to contribute their raw data. The data was reprocessed, algorithms were created to identify sleep-wake time and determine the percentage of waking hours spent sedentary. We explored demographic and stroke-related factors associated with total sedentary time and time in uninterrupted sedentary bouts using unique, both univariable and multivariable, regression analyses.</p> <p><b>Results</b>: The 274 included participants were from Australia, Canada, and the United Kingdom, and spent, on average, 69% (SD 12.4) of their waking hours sedentary. Of the demographic and stroke-related factors, slower walking speeds were significantly and independently associated with a higher percentage of waking hours spent sedentary (p = 0.001) and uninterrupted sedentary bouts of <i>>30</i> and <i>>60 min</i> (p = 0.001 and p = 0.004, respectively). Regression models explained 11–19% of the variance in total sedentary time and time in prolonged sedentary bouts.</p> <p><b>Conclusion</b>: We found that variability in sedentary time of people with stroke was largely unaccounted for by demographic and stroke-related variables. Behavioral and environmental factors are likely to play an important role in sedentary behavior after stroke. Further work is required to develop and test effective interventions to address sedentary behavior after stroke.</p

Deformed Sine-Gordon Models, Solitons and Anomalous Charges

We study certain deformations of the integrable sine-Gordon model (DSG). It is found analytically and numerically several towers of infinite number of anomalous charges for soliton solutions possessing a special space–time symmetry. Moreover, it is uncovered exact conserved charges associated to two-solitons with a definite parity under space-reflection symmetry, i.e. kink-kink (odd parity) and kink-antikink (even parity) scatterings with equal and opposite velocities. Moreover, we provide a linear formulation of the modified SG model and a related tower of infinite number of exact non-local conservation laws. We back up our results with extensive numerical simulations for kink-kink, kink-antikink and breather configurations of the Bazeia et al. potential Vqw=64q2tan2w21−sinw2q2,q∈R, which contains the usual SG potential V2w=21−cos2w

Evaluación de la calidad de la leche cruda bovina (Bos taurus) en la Comunidad Mazo Cruz del Departamento de La Paz-Bolivia

The milk quality depend of a good feeding, good health and adequate management. The aim of this research was to evaluatethe physical, chemical and sanitary characteristics of bovine milk from ASOPROLEA M.C. it was determinated 17.44±2.06and 16.22±4.22 of oDornic, 1.025±0.002 and 1.030 to 1.034 g/cm3 of density, 6.55±0.55 and 6.71±0.36 of pH, 10.25±0.3 and9.80±0.54 % of total solids, 3.65±0.56 and 3.55±0.60 % of fat, 2.82±0.11 and 2.66±0.21 % of protein, 4.05±0.4 and3.90±0.35% of lactose, 0.75±0.05 and 0.73±0.15% of minerals for milkcan and milktank respectively. About TRAM 48.2 %of samples are reducted in less than 2 h and 51.8 % of milk samples are reducted in more than 3 h. The high problem seemsto be the microbial contamination in milkcans and in the milktank of this community, it could be necessary to review the milktank.La calidad de la leche cruda depende del manejo, alimentación y sanidad prioritariamente. El objetivo del trabajo es evaluarla calidad fisicoquímica y sanitaria de la leche cruda bovina de la asociación ASOPROLEA M.C. Los análisis se realizaroncon el equipo LactoStar (c) 2008 Funke Gerber y TRAM. Se determinó 17.44±2.06 y 16.22±4.22 de acidez Dornic,1.025±0.002 y 1.030-1.034 g/cm3 de densidad, 6.55±0.55 y 6.71±0.36 de pH, 10.25±0.3 y 9.80±0.54 % de solidos totales,3.65±0.56 y 3.55±0.60 % de grasa, 2.82±0.11 y 2.66±0.21% de proteína, 4.05±0.4 y 3.90±0.35% de lactosa, 0.75±0.05 y0.73±0.15% de minerales para tacho y tanque respectivamente. En cuanto al TRAM 48.2 % de las muestras colectadas sereduce en menos de 2 h y el 51.8 % es leche que reduce el azul de metileno después de 3 o más h. La mayor fuente de problemas pareciera ser la contaminación microbiana en la leche entregada por los productores de la comunidad Mazo Cruz ysería necesario hacer un seguimiento más cercano al tanque de enfriamiento

COVID-19 restrictions increased perceptions of social isolation for older people discharged home after rehabilitation: A mixed-methods study

ObjectiveTo explore older persons perceptions of the impact of COVID-19 restrictions on participating in community activities after discharge from inpatient rehabilitation. MethodsMixed-methods study design. Participants were older adults who were discharged home following inpatient rehabilitation. Interviews were conducted with 70 participants, with a variety of diagnoses, 8 weeks after discharge from inpatient rehabilitation. Frequency of participation in domestic, leisure/work and outdoor activities was measured using the Frenchay Activities Index (FAI). Qualitative analysis was completed using qualitative content analysis and triangulated with FAI scores. ResultsIn all, 70 older adults (mean age: 73.0 years, SD: 9.9; 59% female) participated in the study. The overarching theme was that participants felt socially isolated following discharge from rehabilitation, with COVID-19 restrictions increasing perceptions of social isolation and complicating their return to participating in community activities. The four categories informing the overarching theme were as follows: physical health was the primary limitation to participation in community activities; COVID-19 restrictions limited participation in social activities and centre-based physical rehabilitation; low uptake of videoconferencing to facilitate socialisation and rehabilitation; and reduced incidental physical activity. Mean FAI score was 21.2 (SD 7.8), indicating that participants were moderately active. Participants most commonly performed domestic activities (mean: 10.0, SD: 4.1), followed by outdoor activities (mean: 6.6, SD: 3.5) and leisure/work activities (mean: 4.5, SD: 2.5). ConclusionsCOVID-19 restrictions exacerbated perceptions of social isolation and the limitations already imposed by poor physical health after discharge from rehabilitation. The findings highlight the need for rehabilitation that addresses the psychological and social dimensions of community reintegration