Hadronic Jets: flavour and substructure

Hadronic jets, collimated sprays of particles produced in high-energy particle collisions, play a crucial role in the study of particle physics. In this PhD thesis, the focus is on two aspects of hadronic jets: flavour and substructure. The flavour of a jet refers to the identity of the initiating quark or gluon, and can provide information about the underlying physics processes that produced the jet. The substructure of a jet refers to its internal structure and is sensitive to the properties of the partons within the jet. The thesis presents a comprehensive study of the flavour and substructure of hadronic jets, including the development of new analysis techniques. Additionally, this thesis discusses the advancement of existing techniques for performing high-accuracy calculations for jet substructure observables, critical for comparing theoretical predictions with experimental measurements. Recently, there has been a growing interest in machine learning and quantum computing techniques applied to jet physics or other close-related subjects. Machine learning algorithms are increasingly being used to identify and classify jets, while quantum computers have the potential to revolutionize high-precision calculations in jet physics. This thesis discusses a novel method to calculate the gradient of a function on quantum computers, further advancing the use of quantum computing in jet physics. The results of this study are ready for further phenomenological applications, contributing to a better understanding of the properties of hadronic jets and the physics of high-energy particle collisions

¿Cómo se enseña la historia local? Algunos apuntes sobre el problema de las escalas y lo local en la historia

En este texto, se trataron de elaborar algunas reflexiones en torno a las maneras en que se la pensado la historia en relación a sus espacialidades, apoyándonos como base en un marco temporoespacial preciso: la cuenca del río Uruguay en el período de las guerras de independencias. Tras indagar la importancia de la deconstrucción de las perspectivas nacionales, así como los alcances pero también límites que supuso el enfoque regional, se consideró las potencialidades de la nueva historia local. Además se consideró la importancia de incluir la perspectiva local en los diseños curriculares pues, además de iluminar vías de exploración histórica menos anacrónica, permite el conocimiento de la geografía propia y el aprendizaje de cómo se fue configurando el territorio.Fil: Caletti Garciadiego, Bárbara. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Saavedra 15. Instituto de Historia Argentina y Americana ; Argentin

Nanotubos de haloisita carreados com brometo de trimetil amônio como agente antibacteriano para cimentos endodônticos

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito de nanotubos de haloisita (HNT) carreados com brometo de trimetil amônio (ATAB) nas propriedades físicas, químicas e biológicas de um cimento endodôntico experimental. Uma resina base de polimerização dual foi formulada com a incorporação de ATAB e HNT em diferentes proporções (1:1; 1:2; 2:1) e um grupo sem adição de ATAB:HNT foi usado como controle. A carga foi analisada através de microscopia eletrônica de transmissão. Os cimentos formulados foram avaliados através do grau de conversão, amolecimento em solvente, radiopacidade, escoamento, espessura de película, atividade antibacteriana contra biofilme e bactérias planctônicas e citotoxicidade. O grupo ATAB:HNT (1:1) aumentou significativamente o grau de conversão imediato (p>0.05) e o grau de conversão após 24 horas não diferiu entre os grupos. (p>0.05). Os grupos com ATAB:HNT apresentaram menor dureza inicial (p>0.05), porém sem diferença estatística entre os grupos no resultado de amolecimento em solvente (p>0.05). A radiopacidade de todos os grupos foi compatível a pelo menos 3mm de alumínio. Todos os grupos apresentaram pelo menos 17mm de escoamento e espessura de película menor que 50 μm, como requerido pela ISSO 6876:2012. Todos os grupos teste apresentaram efeito antimicrobiano contra o E. faecalis e quanto maior a proporção de ATAB adicionada, maior a capacidade antimicrobiana do material (p>0.05). A viabilidade celular foi maior que 70% para todos os grupos, sem diferença estatística entre os grupos (p>0.05). A incorporação de ATAB:HNT induziu atividade antibacteriana contra biofilme e bactérias planctônicas de E. faecalis sem efeitos na viabilidade de células humanas e nas propriedades físico-químicas dos cimentos endodônticos experimentais.The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of alkyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (ATAB)-loaded halloysite nanotubes (HNT) in physical, chemical and biological properties of experimental resin sealers. An experimental dual-cure resin sealer was formulated with ATAB and HNT at different ratios (1:1; 1:2; 2:1) and one group remained without ATAB:HNT as control. Filler was analyzed by transmission electron microscopy. The sealers were evaluated for degree of conversion, softening in solvent, radiopacity, flow, film thickness, antibacterial activity for biofilm and planktonic bacteria and cytotoxicity. ATAB:HNT (1:1) significantly increased the immediate DC (p0.05). ATAB:HNT groups showed lower initial Knoop hardness (p0.05). The radiopacity of all groups achieved at least 3mm of aluminum. All groups showed more than 17mm of flow and film thickness lower than 50μm, as required by ISO 6876:2012. All test groups presented antibacterial activity against E. faecalis and the higher the ATAB ratio, the greater the antibacterial activity of the resin sealer (p0.05). The incorporation of ATAB:HNT induced antibacterial activity against biofilm and planktonic E. faecalis with no effects on pulp cell viability nor in the chemico-physical properties of the experimental resin sealers

Endoscopic Ultrasound Staging of Gastric Lymphoma

Abstract The choice of treatment in gastric lymphoma is stage dependent. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) is a very accurate technique to assess T- and N-staging of primary gastric lymphoma. Two cases of high-grade gastric non-Hodgkin's lymphoma are documented with videos of upper endoscopy and EUS. The technique for an appropriate staging of the disease with EUS is demonstrated. This article is part of an expert video encyclopedia

Quantum gradient evaluation through quantum non-demolition measurements

We discuss a Quantum Non-Demolition Measurement (QNDM) protocol to estimate the derivatives of a cost function with a quantum computer. %This is a key step for the implementation of variational quantum circuits. The cost function, which is supposed to be classically hard to evaluate, is associated with the average value of a quantum operator. Then a quantum computer is used to efficiently extract information about the function and its derivative by evolving the system with a so-called variational quantum circuit. To this aim, we propose to use a quantum detector that allows us to directly estimate the derivatives of an observable, i.e., the derivative of the cost function. With respect to the standard direct measurement approach, this leads to a reduction of the number of circuit iterations needed to run the variational quantum circuits. The advantage increases if we want to estimate the higher-order derivatives. We also show that the presented approach can lead to a further advantage in terms of the number of total logical gates needed to run the variational quantum circuits. These results make the QNDM a valuable alternative to implementing the variational quantum circuits

Imágenes que se desentierran

Entrevista a Marcelo Goyeneche. A través del uso del material de archivo, recolección de objetos personales y de sus investigaciones, el documentalista Marcelo Goyeneche busca sacar a la luz historias que quedaron ocultas o fueron silenciadas. También procura quebrar los límites entre realidad y ficción a partir del empleo de dichos elementos. Por ejemplo, con la incorporación, en una de sus películas, de una animación, recreaciones de época o musicales. Desde 2006, Goyeneche integra DOCA, una asociación de documentalistas argentinos independientes. También brinda talleres sobre cine documental. Realizó varios cortos y cuatro largometrajes; el último de ellos es Las enfermeras de Evita, el cual fue presentado en la 5º edición de Mujeres en Foco, festival internacional de cine por la equidad de género, y con el que realizó una gira por el interior previa al estreno en 2015

Desenvolvimento de um protótipo de sistema especialista para projeto de unidades de potência hidráulica

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia MecânicaEste trabalho trata do desenvolvimento de um protótipo de sistema baseado no conhecimento voltado ao projeto de unidades de potência hidráulica de sistemas industriais. O objetivo da pesquisa é sistematizar e disponibilizar computacionalmente parte do conhecimento deste domínio específico, por meio de um sistema especialista criado a partir de regras definidas para o projeto de unidades de potência hidráulica. Além da potencial aplicação operacional do sistema, também é proposta uma aplicação para ensino na área de conhecimento do sistema, discutindo-se como um programa pode ser desenvolvido para fins educacionais e quais as características relevantes de um sistema para tal finalidade. A criação de um sistema baseado no conhecimento é feita através das seguintes etapas: escolha da ferramenta de desenvolvimento, aquisição e representação do conhecimento, implementação, verificação e validação computacional. Tais etapas são detalhadas ao longo do texto. As dificuldades encontradas no desenvolvimento do protótipo, principalmente a aquisição de conhecimento sobre projetos de unidades de potência hidráulica, também são discutidas em detalhes. Por fim, são apresentados os resultados deste trabalho de mestrado, destacando-se a sistematização de projeto elaborada e o estágio atual de desenvolvimento do protótipo, que permite a seleção de uma UPH em quatro disponíveis, bem como a classe e o princípio de deslocamento da bomba hidrostática. São mostradas ainda as limitações inerentes às dificuldades encontradas durante a criação do protótipo e as possibilidades de aprimoramento e outros usos (sugestões para futuros trabalhos) de um sistema especialista para projeto de unidades de potência hidráulica. This study presents the development of a knowledge-based system prototype directed towards the design of hydraulic power units on industrial systems. The aim of this research is to systematize and make computationally available part of the knowledge about this specific domain, through an expert system created from rules defined for hydraulic power units design. Besides the potential operational application of the expert system, it is also proposed a tutoring application on the knowledge area of this system, discussing how a computer program can be developed for educational use and what are the relevant features of a system for this purpose. The creation of a knowledge-based system is made by the following stages: selection of a development tool, knowledge acquisition and representation, implementation, computational verification and validation. Those stages are shown through this text. The difficulties found on this expert system prototype development, mainly the knowledge acquisition of hydraulic power units design, are also discussed in details. Finally, this text presents the results of this MSc project: the organized HPU design systematization and the current stage of the expert system prototype development, which can select one of a four available HPUs and the class and working principle of the employed hydrostatic pump. In addition, the thesis shows inherent limitations on the difficulties found throughout its development and some possibilities of improvement and other uses, as suggestions for future researches, of an expert system directed towards hydraulic power units design

Imágenes como condensaciones del ayer y del hoy

Sobre Comprender el cine y las imágenes, compilación de René Gardies, Buenos Aires, Editorial La Marca editora, 2014

Role of contrast harmonic-endoscopic ultrasound in pancreatic cystic lesions

none4noIncidental pancreatic cysts (PCs) are frequently encountered in the general population often in asymptomatic patients who undergo imaging tests to investigate unrelated conditions. The detection of a PC poses a significant clinical dilemma, as the differential diagnosis is quite broad ranging from benign to malignant conditions. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) with fine-needle aspiration (FNA) has been reported to be an accurate tool in the differential diagnosis; however, its sensitivity is suboptimal and false negative results do occur. Contrast harmonic EUS (CH-EUS) was demonstrated to be a useful tool to investigate pancreatic solid lesions to differentiate between benign and malignant ones. In the setting of PCs, CH-EUS could help identify areas of malignant growth inside the cystic cavities. Several studies have reported promising results showing malignant areas in PCs as hyperenhanced lesions. Confirmation of malignancy can then be obtained by FNA, which should be precisely targeted according to the findings of the contrast harmonic study.openSerrani, Marta; Lisotti, Andrea; Caletti, Giancarlo; Fusaroli, PietroSerrani, Marta; Lisotti, Andrea; Caletti, Giancarlo; Fusaroli, Pietr

Suite Talk: The Barriers and Opportunities of Providing Secondary Suites in Rural Metro-Adjacent Regions of Eastern Ontario

Providing an adequate supply of affordable housing has become an increasing challenge for Ontario municipalities. As a result, changes were made to the Planning Act requiring all Ontario municipalities to implement provisions to permit secondary suites within their zoning bylaws, and official plans. While the implementation of these changes expanded the opportunities for municipalities to increase the supply of affordable housing, several barriers were also encountered. The topic of secondary suites is most frequently studied from an urban perspective. However, given the unique characteristics, and prevailing conditions commonly found in rural communities, these areas impose distinct planning considerations that must be approached differently than urban areas. Therefore, this study examined the opportunities and constraints experienced throughout the implementation of secondary suites by rural metro-adjacent municipalities in Eastern Ontario. The opportunities revealed through the study included: diversifying the existing housing stock, providing supplementary income to homeowners, making better use of existing infrastructure, providing a means for homeowners to aide family members, and increasing municipal control over secondary suite rental housing. Barriers were identified as: servicing issues, the older age and existing condition of homes, a lack of education among the community, limited planning resources, community resistance to change, personnel changes, difficulties adhering to building codes, and a lack of demand for rental purposes. Additionally, the research uncovered several measures that rural communities can use to increase the presence of secondary suites moving forward. These include: the creation of educational materials, continuing to explore funding opportunities, maintaining positive community relationships, increasing communication between departments, sharing best practices, and the continued promotion of secondary suites throughout communities