Special Education’s view of young people, disabilities and educational contexts

This paper intends to outline the theme of young people with disabilities, with respect to the educational contexts to which they belong. Starting with brief references to the situation faced by young people in Italy, the author takes up themes dear to Special Education, with a particular focus on the theme of ‘belonging’ (relational, affective, cultural and institutional), which is often lacking or non-existent for those with a disability. The family, school and community of reference represent the educational ‘contexts’ of greatest interest and responsibility, in order to initiate young people’s identity processes and contain the risks deriving from ‘adhesive identities’ and ‘false selves’. The family contributes extensively to the positive development of self-orientation and the school can put itself forward as the most important reference point in learning processes, through the group. This widespread responsibility of educational contexts can also contribute to reducing situations of poverty and marginality that are, in fact, real conditions of capability deprivation, which prevent access to all the opportunities that life offers, risking further aggravation of ‘problematic’ situations, making them chronic and depriving them of a positive development

Genitori migranti e figli con disabilit\ue0 Le rappresentazioni dei professionisti e le percezioni delle famiglie

Il contributo si occupa di un tema poco indagato nel panorama delle ricerche italiane ed europee, quello della disabilit\ue0 e della migrazione; su questo tema \u201cintrecciato\u201d la ricerca si pone come una delle prime a livello europeo. Dai primi dati della ricerca e da una prima analisi del materiale qualitativo e quantitativo, emerge: da parte degli insegnanti, la difficolt\ue0 di comunicazione e di coinvolgimento delle famiglie dovuta a rapporti frettolosi (necessit\ue0 di mediatori culturali e di tempo), a fronte di una discreta/buona collaborazione quando vi \ue9 coinvolgimento; da parte dei genitori, l\u2019enorme difficolt\ue0 nella quotidiana accessibilit\ue0 (case inadeguate ecc.); la non curanza di alcune realt\ue0 (questura, servizi, comune ecc.) a informarli correttamente e tempestivamente sui loro diritti; la totale assenza di qualunque aiuto - ad eccezione della scuola - quando i genitori si trovano in situazioni drammatiche; lo scarsissimo feeling con gli assistenti sociali; il fatalismo del destino del figlio che attenua il senso di colpa, senza connotarsi di progettualit\ue0; da parte dei professionisti, la necessit\ue0 che i genitori possano contare su una figura di riferimento (case-manager) presente sul territorio e su reti parentali e amicali culturalmente affini e/o meticciate; la rappresentazione di genitori in difficolt\ue0 per scarsa chiarezza nelle comunicazioni, a fronte di un\u2019immediata accettazione di sostegni. Da questa prima parziale lettura, la scuola risulta la realt\ue0 maggiormente in grado di corrispondere ai bisogni delle famiglie, accogliendole; ci\uf2 viene confermato dagli stessi insegnanti che richiedono, per\uf2, un maggior supporto dei servizi territoriali, anche riguardo all\u2019ampliamento della partecipazione delle famiglie migranti (con la presenza di mediatori culturali)

Idade, tabagismo, hipertensão arterial, altura e sexo feminino são determinantes de envelhecimento vascular avaliados pela segunda derivada da fotopletismografia digital

OBJETIVO: Avaliar os fatores de risco cardiovascular (RCV) determinantes dos índices de função arterial obtidos pela segunda derivada da fotopletismografia digital (SDPTG) em uma população de funcionários de uma instituição de ensino privado da cidade de São Paulo. MÉTODOS: Foram obtidos dados antropométricos e clínicos, medidas de pressão arterial (PA) com aparelho automático Microlife em 238 indivíduos de 23 a 72 anos (média 40,1 ± 9), 105 mulheres / 133 homens. A SDPTG foi registrada automaticamente pelo dispositivo Dynapulse, com o sensor localizado no 2º dígito da mão direita; da SDPTG obtivemos ondas a, b, c e d na sístole e e na diástole, e foram calculados as relações b/a, d/a e o índice de envelhecimento vascular (AGI) = [(b-c-d-e)/a], respectivamente, marcadores de distensibilidade arterial, intensidade das ondas de reflexão e envelhecimento vascular. A idade vascular (IVS) foi estimada a partir de dados comparativos do AGI obtido e valores de uma população normal. Os indivíduos foram considerados com índices vasculares piores, se tivessem valores superiores à média mais o desvio padrão. Hipertensão arterial (HA) foi definida como PA>140x90mmHg ao exame ou referida pelo paciente. RESULTADOS: Na análise de regressão logística, a possibilidade de AGI elevado relacionou-se positiva e independentemente com idade > 50anos (Odds Ratio-OR = 17,24), tabagismo (O.R. = 3,82) e sexo feminino (O.R. = 6,05); menor relação b/a com idade > 50 anos (O.R. = 6,37), enquanto a relação d/a relacionou-se com sexo feminino (O.R. = 3,90). A maior IVS relaciona-se à idade (OR = 8,85), sexo feminino (OR= 4,0) e HAS (OR = 2,42). A análise multivariada mostrou que altura se relaciona com AGI (Mean Square – MS = 0,701) e D/A (MS = 0,279), enquanto que este último parâmetro também é influenciado pela PA diastólica (MS = 0,168) e PA média. CONCLUSÕES: Os índices vasculares obtidos pela SDPTG têm influência dos principais fatores de RCV e outros fatores a serem considerados em sua análise. A distensibilidade arterial (b/a) é relacionada à idade enquanto a intensidade da reflexão das ondas de pulso (d/a) tem influência do sexo feminino, altura e PA. O envelhecimento vascular sofre influências da HA, do tabagismo, idade e altura.Objectives: To evaluate the cardiovascular risk (CR) determinants of the arterial function indices obtained by the second derivative photopletysmogram (SDPTG) in a agent population from a private teaching institution of São Paulo. Methods: antropometric and clinical data, arterial pressure (AP) by na automatic device Microlife were obtained from 238 individuals from 28 to 72 years (mean 40,1 ± 9), 105 women / 133 men. The SDPTG was automatically registered by the Dynapulse device through its sensor placed on the 2nd finger of the right hand; from SDPTG were obtained the a, b, c and e waves during the systole and the e wave during diastole and were calculated the b/a, d/a and the aging index (AGI) = [(b-c-d-e)/a], respectively, markers of arterial distensibility, wave reflection intensity and vascular aging. The vascular age (IVS) was estimated from comparison of the AGI data obtained and values of a normal population. The individuals were considered as worse vascular indices if their analysed values were higher than mean plus standard deviation. Arterial hypertension (AH) was defined as AP > 140x90mmHg at the examination or referred by the patient. Results: at the logistic regression, the possibility of high AGI was positively and independently related to age > 50 years (Odds Ratio-OR = 17,24), tabagism (O.R. = 3,82) and feminine sex (O.R. = 6,05); low b/a relation with age> 50 years (O.R. = 6,37), while high d/a was related to feminine sex (O.R. = 3,90). Higher IVS was related to age (OR = 8,85), feminine sex (OR = 4,0), and AH (OR = 2,42). At multivariate analysis, height was related to AGI (Mean Square – MS = 0,701) and D/A (MS = 0,279), while this last parameter was also influenced by diastolic AP (MS = 0,168) and mean AP. Conclusions: the vascular indices obtained by SDPTG are influenced by main CR and other factors to be considered at their analysis. The arterial distensibility (b/a) is related to age, while the intensity of pulse wave reflection to feminine Sex, height and AP. Vascular aging is influenced by AH, tabagism and height

Detection of Leishmania infantum DNA mainly in Rhipicephalus sanguineus male ticks removed from dogs living in endemic areas of canine leishmaniosis

Background: Sand flies are the only biologically adapted vectors of Leishmania parasites, however, a possible role in the transmission of Leishmania has been proposed for other hematophagous ectoparasites such as ticks. In order to evaluate natural infection by Leishmania infantum in Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks, taking into account its close association with dogs, 128 adult R. sanguineus ticks removed from 41 dogs living in endemic areas of canine leishmaniosis were studied. Methods: Individual DNA extraction was performed from each tick and whole blood taken from dogs. Dog sera were tested for IgG antibodies to L. infantum antigen by ELISA and L. infantum real-time PCR was performed from canine whole blood samples and ticks. Results: Leishmania infantum PCR was positive in 13 ticks (10.1%) including one female, (2.0%) and 12 males (15.2%), and in only five dogs (12.2%). Male ticks had a significantly higher infection rate when compared to female R. sanguineus. The percentage of L. infantum seroreactive dogs was 19.5%. All but two PCR positive dogs were seroreactive. Leishmania infantum PCR positive ticks were removed from seropositive and seronegative dogs with a variety of PCR results. Conclusions: This study demonstrates high prevalence of L. infantum DNA in R. sanguineus ticks removed from L. infantum seropositive and seronegative dogs. The presence of L. infantum DNA was detected mainly in male ticks possibly due to their ability to move between canine hosts and feed on several canine hosts during the adult life stage. Additional studies are needed to further explore the role of R. sanguineus ticks and in particular, male adults, in both the epidemiology and immunology of L. infantum infection in dogs in endemic areas

Effect of clinical signs, endocrinopathies, timing of surgery, hyperlipidemia, and hyperbilirubinemia on outcome in dogs with gallbladder mucocele

Gallbladder mucocele (GBM) is a common extra-hepatic biliary syndrome in dogs with death rates ranging from 7 to 45%. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify the association of survival with variables that could be utilized to improve clinical decisions. A total of 1194 dogs with a gross and histopathological diagnosis of GBM were included from 41 veterinary referral hospitals in this retrospective study. Dogs with GBM that demonstrated abnormal clinical signs had significantly greater odds of death than subclinical dogs in a univariable analysis (OR, 4.2; 95% CI, 2.14–8.23; P < 0.001). The multivariable model indicated that categorical variables including owner recognition of jaundice (OR, 2.12; 95% CI, 1.19–3.77; P = 0.011), concurrent hyperadrenocorticism (OR 1.94; 95% CI, 1.08–3.47; P = 0.026), and Pomeranian breed (OR, 2.46; 95% CI 1.10–5.50; P = 0.029) were associated with increased odds of death, and vomiting was associated with decreased odds of death (OR, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.30–0.72; P=0.001). Continuous variables in the multivariable model, total serum/plasma bilirubin concentration (OR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.01– 1.04; P < 0.001) and age (OR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.08–1.26; P < 0.001), were associated with increased odds of death. The clinical utility of total serum/plasma bilirubin concentration as a biomarker to predict death was poor with a sensitivity of 0.61 (95% CI, 0.54–0.69) and a specificity of 0.63 (95% CI, 0.59–0.66). This study identified several prognostic variables in dogs with GBM including total serum/plasma bilirubin concentration, age, clinical signs, concurrent hyperadrenocorticism, and the Pomeranian breed. The presence of hypothyroidism or diabetes mellitus did not impact outcome in this study

Non omologabili. Media e dimensioni escludenti.

Ricerca nazionale sulla televisione che ha visto la partecipazione di giovani dai 14 ai 19 anni, promossa dall'Universit\ue0 di Padova - facolt\ue0 di Scienze della Formazione e la Fondazione Giorolamo Bortignon per l'educazione e la scuola. Metodologia utilizzata: questionario on-line e focus group nelle scuol

Tra passato presente e futuro. Origini, questioni e prospettive della pedagogia speciale

Il contributo affronta analiticamente la nascita della pedagogia speciale; le problematiche familiari sulla disabilit\ue0; le dimensioni educative dei processi inclusivi. E\u2019 un volume che pone i fondamenti teorici della pedagogia speciale, analizzando anche le tematiche pi\uf9 complesse relative ai contesti familiari, scolastici, sociali. In particolare, sono indagati e commentati criticamente i documenti Unesco e WHO (World Health Organization), basandosi sull'ICF che \ue8 l'ultima International Classification of Functionning, che ha promosso un nuovo approccio bio-psico-sociale alla disabilit\ue0