329 research outputs found
In-painting Radiography Images for Unsupervised Anomaly Detection
We propose space-aware memory queues for in-painting and detecting anomalies
from radiography images (abbreviated as SQUID). Radiography imaging protocols
focus on particular body regions, therefore producing images of great
similarity and yielding recurrent anatomical structures across patients. To
exploit this structured information, our SQUID consists of a new Memory Queue
and a novel in-painting block in the feature space. We show that SQUID can
taxonomize the ingrained anatomical structures into recurrent patterns; and in
the inference, SQUID can identify anomalies (unseen/modified patterns) in the
image. SQUID surpasses the state of the art in unsupervised anomaly detection
by over 5 points on two chest X-ray benchmark datasets. Additionally, we have
created a new dataset (DigitAnatomy), which synthesizes the spatial correlation
and consistent shape in chest anatomy. We hope DigitAnatomy can prompt the
development, evaluation, and interpretability of anomaly detection methods,
particularly for radiography imaging.Comment: Main paper with appendi
Psoralen-loaded lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles enhance doxorubicin efficacy in multidrug-resistant HepG2 cells
Background: Psoralen (PSO), a major active component of Psoralea corylifolia, has been shown to overcome multidrug resistance in cancer. A drug carrier comprising a lipid-monolayer shell and a biodegradable polymer core for sustained delivery and improved efficacy of drug have exhibited great potential in efficient treatment of cancers. Methods: The PSO-loaded lipid polymer hybrid nanoparticles were prepared and characterized. In vitro cytotoxicity assay, cellular uptake, cell cycle analysis, detection of ROS level and mitochondrial membrane potential (ÎΚm) and western blot were performed. Results: The P-LPNs enhanced the cytotoxicity of doxorubicin (DOX) 17-fold compared to free DOX in multidrug resistant HepG2/ADR cells. Moreover, P-LPNs displayed pro-apoptotic activity, increased levels of ROS and depolarization of ÎΚm. In addition, there were no significant
effects on cellular uptake of DOX, cell cycle arrest, or the expression of P-glycoprotein. Mechanistic studies suggested that P-LPNs enhanced DOX cytotoxicity by increased release of cytochrome c and enhanced caspase3 cleavage, causing apoptosis in HepG2/ADR cells. Conclusion: The lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles can be considered a powerful and promising
drug delivery system for effective cancer chemotherapy. Keywords: lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles, psoralen, drug delivery, HepG2, ADR cells,
apoptosis.This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81273707), the Ministry of Education in the New Century Excellent Talents (NECT-12-0677), the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong (S2013010012880,
2016A030311037), the Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou (2014J4500005, 201704030141), the Science Program of the Department of Education of Guangdong (2013KJCX0021, 2015KGJHZ012), the Science and Technology Program of Guangdong (2015A050502027), and the Special Project of International Scientific and Technological Cooperation in Guangzhou Development District (2017GH16)
Enhanced daytime secondary aerosol formation driven by gas-particle partitioning in downwind urban plumes
Anthropogenic emissions from city clusters can significantly enhance secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation in the downwind regions, while the mechanism is poorly understood. To investigate the effect of pollutants within urban plumes on organic aerosol (OA) evolution, a field campaign was conducted at a downwind site of the Pearl River Delta region of China in the fall of 2019. A time-of-flight chemical ionization mass spectrometer coupled with a Filter Inlet for Gases and Aerosol (FIGAERO-CIMS) was used to probe the gas- and particle-phase molecular composition and thermograms of organic compounds. For air masses influenced by urban pollution, strong daytime SOA formation through gas-particle partitioning was observed, resulting in higher OA volatility. The obvious SOA enhancement was mainly attributed to the equilibrium partitioning of non-condensable (C * ≥ 100.5 μg m-3) organic vapors. We speculated that the elevated NOx concentration could suppress the formation of highly oxidized products, resulting in a smooth increase of condensable (C * < 100.5 μg m-3) organic vapors. Evidence showed that urban pollutants (NOx and VOCs) could enhance the oxidizing capacity, while the elevated VOCs was mainly responsible for promoting daytime SOA formation by increasing the RO2 production rate. Our results highlight the important role of urban anthropogenic pollutants in SOA control in the suburban region
Study of the decay
The decay is studied
in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of TeV
using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5
collected by the LHCb experiment. In the system, the
state observed at the BaBar and Belle experiments is
resolved into two narrower states, and ,
whose masses and widths are measured to be where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second
systematic. The results are consistent with a previous LHCb measurement using a
prompt sample. Evidence of a new
state is found with a local significance of , whose mass and width
are measured to be and , respectively. In addition, evidence of a new decay mode
is found with a significance of
. The relative branching fraction of with respect to the
decay is measured to be , where the first
uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic and the third originates from
the branching fractions of charm hadron decays.Comment: All figures and tables, along with any supplementary material and
additional information, are available at
https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2022-028.html (LHCb
public pages
Measurement of the ratios of branching fractions and
The ratios of branching fractions
and are measured, assuming isospin symmetry, using a
sample of proton-proton collision data corresponding to 3.0 fb of
integrated luminosity recorded by the LHCb experiment during 2011 and 2012. The
tau lepton is identified in the decay mode
. The measured values are
and
, where the first uncertainty is
statistical and the second is systematic. The correlation between these
measurements is . Results are consistent with the current average
of these quantities and are at a combined 1.9 standard deviations from the
predictions based on lepton flavor universality in the Standard Model.Comment: All figures and tables, along with any supplementary material and
additional information, are available at
https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2022-039.html (LHCb
public pages
Measurement of CP asymmetries and branching fraction ratios of Bâ decays to two charm mesons
The asymmetries of seven decays to two charm mesons are measured using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of of proton-proton collisions collected by the LHCb experiment. Decays involving a or meson are analysed by reconstructing only the or decay products. This paper presents the first measurement of and , and the most precise measurement of the other five asymmetries. There is no evidence of violation in any of the analysed decays. Additionally, two ratios between branching fractions of selected decays are measured.The CP asymmetries of seven B decays to two charm mesons are measured using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 9 fb of proton-proton collisions collected by the LHCb experiment. Decays involving a D or meson are analysed by reconstructing only the D or decay products. This paper presents the first measurement of (BâD) and (BâD), and the most precise measurement of the other five CP asymmetries. There is no evidence of CP violation in any of the analysed decays. Additionally, two ratios between branching fractions of selected decays are measured.[graphic not available: see fulltext]The asymmetries of seven decays to two charm mesons are measured using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of of proton-proton collisions collected by the LHCb experiment. Decays involving a or meson are analysed by reconstructing only the or decay products. This paper presents the first measurement of and , and the most precise measurement of the other five asymmetries. There is no evidence of violation in any of the analysed decays. Additionally, two ratios between branching fractions of selected decays are measured
Medical Application of Spirulina platensis
Along with the development of marine biological pharmaceutical research, high-effective and low-toxic drugs and functional foods isolated from marine organisms have become a new field of pharmacy and bromatology. The pharmacological actions, such as anti-inflammation, antioxidation, antitumor, immunological enhancement, and hepatorenal protection of C-phycocyanin (C-PC) from Spirulina platensis, have been reported, and C-PC has important value of development and utilization either as drug or as functional food. There are many researches about the various pharmacological actions and mechanisms of C-PC, but related reports are only to some extent integrated deeply and accurately enough, which put some limitations to the further application of C-PC in medicine. Particularly, with the improvement of living standards and attention to health issues, C-PC being a functional food is preferred by more and more people. C-PC is easy to get, safe, and nontoxic; thus, it has a great potential of research and development as a drug or functional food. Here, the separation and purification, physicochemical properties, physiological and pharmacological activities, safety, and some applications are reviewed to provide relevant basis for the development of natural medicine and applied products
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