91 research outputs found

    Four Conditions for Research in Psychoanalysis

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    This article discusses the use of psychoanalysis – particularly of psychoanalytic technique based on free association – for investigations in the field of social psychology, based on the authors’ experience in a graduate program. To this end, we have attempted to produce a reflection on the conditions and the impact of the dislocation of concepts between the clinic of individual psychic suffering and empirical research involving institutions and groups. By focusing on the assertion of the primacy of the unconscious, we have tried to array the lines of approximation and distancing between clinical practice and empirical research. The basis is the discussion on the necessary conditions (outside of the therapeutic setting) for listening to the unconscious, for creating a transference bond, for the work of interpretation of the discourses of subjects and, finally, for the elaboration of unconscious contents and desires – whether by the subjects listened to in this research or by the researchers themselves in their work of theoretical elaboration

    UMA INTERROGAÇÃO PSICANALÍTICA DAS IDENTIDADES

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    Mapeamento do uso do termo “identidade” nos escritos de Freud, destacando e comentando algumas presenças do termo. A partir de questão inicial sobre a existência ou não de uma noção psicanalítica de identidade, procura- se recolocar a questão na rota de algumas pistas deixadas ao longo da obra freudiana. Procura-se, ainda, demarcar não só os campos temáticos em que uma noção de identidade pode ser incorporada ao universo conceitual da psicanálise, mas também indicando, ainda que brevemente, as implicações ou eventuais incongruências dessa incorporação. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Identidade, psicanálise, alteridade. A PSYCHOANALYTICAL QUESTIONING OF IDENTITIES Eduardo Leal Cunha A mapping of the use of the term “identity” in Freud’s written works, highlighting and commenting the presence of the term. From the initial question on the existence or not of a psychoanalytical notion of identity, we try to replace the question on the route of some hints left in the course of Freud’s works. Not only do we try to define the theme fields in which a notion of identity can be incorporated into the psychoanalytic conceptual universe, but we also indicate, although briefly, the implications or eventual incongruities of such incorporation. KEYWORDS: Identity, psychoanalysis, alterity. Publicação Online do Caderno CRH: http://www.cadernocrh.ufba.b

    Clinical matrices and ethics in Freud

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    O presente estudo hipotetiza que as diferentes matrizes clínicas que Freud encontrava em sua prática, e que lhe possibilitavam acréscimos teóricos, direcionaram seus distintos olhares sobre a cultura, fazendo-o privilegiar alguns elementos éticos em detrimento de outros. Desse modo, indicaremos: (1) como a histeria gerou a questão do conflito entre sexualidade e moral na civilização; (2) como a neurose obsessiva possibilitou a entrada dos temas da agressividade e do ódio como entraves contra os quais a cultura se esforça por lutar, assim como a presença marcante no psiquismo da consciência moral e do sentimento de culpa; (3) por fim, como as ditas afecções narcísicas trouxeram a Freud o papel do egoísmo e da destrutividade como inimigos da cultura. Nesse percurso nos aproximaremos das questões ligadas à problematização ética na "psicologia" freudiana e, a partir daí, do destaque que terá a dimensão moral na concepção freudiana do sujeito.The present study is guided by the hypothesis that the different clinical matrices found by Freud in his practice, which provided him theoretical additions, directed his different perspectives about culture, making him privilege some ethical elements over others. Therefore, we will indicate: (1) how hysteria was responsible for bringing Freud the issue of conflict between sexuality and morality in civilization; (2) the obsessive neurosis enabled the entering of the aggressiveness and hate themes as obstacles against which the culture strives to fight, as well as the outstanding presence in the psyche of the moral conscience and the sentiment of guilt; (3) at last, the so called narcissistic conditions brought to Freud the role of selfishness and destructiveness as enemies of culture. In this way we will approach the issues related to the ethical problematization in Freudian "psychology" and, thereafter, the prominence that the moral dimension will have in Freudian conception of the subject

    Possibilidades éticos-estéticas da perversão: a sexualidade perverso-polimorfa como prática de liberdade em Marcuse

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    Cet article veut explorer la compréhension éthique-esthétique du phénomène pervers dans le travaille dHerbert Marcuse, Eros et civilisation. Dans le enregistrement éthique, nous essayons de souligner le caractère moral nécessaire à la catégorie de perversion et de montrer son lien avec la normalisation de lexpérience sexuelle et le contrôle des corps dans le cadre de la lecture du biopouvoir chez Foucault. Dans l´enregistrement esthétique, on essaye de démontrer comment Marcuse, par la voie de la reconfiguration de la relation entre Eros et Logos, propose que la perversion sexuelle implique la contestation de lordre établi et la production de nouvelles formes de relations avec soi même et avec les autres, contrairement à la réglementation instrumentale de lérotisme. Enfin, on indique comment le champ des possibilités théoriques et politiques ouvert par Marcuse dans le domaine de la transgression indique la nécessité dune reprise critique de la catégorie de perversion.This article aims to explore the ethical-esthetic understanding of the perverse phenomenon in the Herbert Marcuses work, Eros and Civilization. In the ethical register, we tried to emphasized the moral character of the category of perversion and demonstrate its connection with the normalization of sexual experience and with the disciplinary and control bodies within the biopolitical reading of Foucault. In the register of the esthetics, we pretend to show how Marcuse, throught the reconfiguration of the connection between Eros and Logos, propose that sexual perversion involves the challenging of the established order and the production of a new kind of relation between oneself and with the others individuals, in contrast with the instrumental control of eroticism. Finally, we indicate the field of possibilities theoretical-political that was opened up by Marcuse in the master of transgression points the necessity of one critical resumption of the category of perversion.Este artículo explora la comprensión ético-estética del fenómeno perverso en la obra de Marcuse, Eros y Civilización. En el registro ético, destacamos el carácter moral de la categoría de perversión y su vínculo con la normalización de la experiencia sexual, con la regulación y control de los cuerpos, en el cuadro de la lectura foucaultiana del biopoder, situando Marcuse como crítico de tales procesos en su enlace con el capitalismo. En el segundo registro, de la estética, se busca mostrar como Marcuse, a través de la reconfiguración de la relación entre Eros y Logos y de la afirmación de un ethos estético, propone que la perversión sexual implica la contestación del orden establecido y la producción de nuevos modos de relaciones consigo y con los otros. Por fin, indicamos como el campo de posibilidades abierto por Marcuse apunta hacia la necesidad de una reanudación crítica de la categoría de perversión.Este artigo visa explorar a compreensão ético-estética do fenômeno perverso realizada por Marcuse em Eros e Civilização. No registro ético, destacamos o caráter necessariamente moral da categoria de perversão e seu vínculo com a normatização da experiência sexual, com a disciplinarização e controle dos corpos, no quadro da leitura foucaultiana do biopoder, situando Marcuse como crítico de tais processos em sua ligação com o modo de produção capitalista. No segundo registro, da estética, expomos como Marcuse, através da reconfiguração da relação entre Eros e Logos e da afirmação de um ethos estético, propõe que a perversão sexual implica a contestação da ordem vigente e a produção de novos modos de relações consigo e com os outros, em contraste com a regulação instrumental do erotismo. Por fim, indicamos como o campo de possibilidades aberto por Marcuse no domínio da transgressão aponta para a necessidade de retomar criticamente a categoria de perversão

    Takayasus's Arteritis in Pregnancy. Case Report and Literature Review

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    SummaryBackground and objectivesTakayasus's Arteritis (TA) is a chronic, inflammatory, progressive, idiopathic disease that causes narrowing, occlusion, and aneurysms of systemic and pulmonary arteries affecting especially the aorta and its branches. During pregnancy, one should pay special attention to these patients. The objective of this report was to present the peripartum anesthetic care of a patient with TA and a review of the literature.Case reportThis is a 31-year old gravida who underwent exchange of the aortic arch and placement of a metallic aortic valve for TA four years ago. She had no complications during pregnancy, and she was admitted at 34 weeks of pregnancy for anticoagulation management. Elective cesarean section was performed at 39 weeks with continuous epidural anesthesia. Fractionated doses of local anesthetic were administered to guarantee slow installation of the blockade. The patient remained hemodynamically stable and was transferred to the ICU in the postoperative period.ConclusionsSeveral complications can affect gravidas with TA. Careful patient evaluation, treatment of TA complications, and anestheticsurgical planning are fundamental. Maintenance of perfusion is the main concern in these patients, and neuraxial blocks may be used without harming the mother and fetus. In patients with compensated TA complications, monitoring does not differ from that routinely used in cesarean sections. Continuous epidural anesthesia with slow installation maintains hemodynamic stability and allows monitoring cerebral perfusion through the level of consciousness. To avoid postoperative hypoperfusion or hypertensive complications patients should be monitored in an intensive or semi-intensive care unit for 24 hours

    Inovação em Marketplaces para o Segmento da Saúde: Potencialidades e riscos da aplicação em e-commerces de pequeno porte

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    Efeitos da pandemia COVID-19 aceleraram a digitalização dos negócios e, por consequência, o interesse em novos modelos como os marketplaces. Paralelamente, as variáveis de complexidade ganharam novos contornos, trazendo múltiplos desafios aos negócios, e a literatura existente a respeito do assunto é ainda escassa - especialmente no Brasil - embora crescente. Desta forma, pretendeu-se fortalecer a discussão a respeito dos distintos modelos de marketplace em segmentos de negócios. Neste contexto, este estudo apresentou uma análise comparativa de modelos distintos de marketplace sob a ótica de seus benefícios e riscos percebidos por dois públicos objetos desta pesquisa: gestores de uma empresa detentora de um e-commerce de pequeno porte, do segmento de cuidados para a saúde (em estágio inicial de implementação), e profissionais com experiência e atuantes nos ramos de negócios digitais. Consideradas as etapas em conjunto, buscou-se entender a viabilidade de transição da empresa analisada para a construção de seu canal próprio de marketplace. Visando fornecer subsídios para esta movimentação estratégica, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi identificar os pontos críticos e potencialidades da aplicação de um modelo de marketplace, contemplando as alternativas marketplace in e marketplace out - para um e-commerce de pequeno porte, do segmento de cuidados com a saúde e esporte. Encontraram-se importantes percepções acerca dos benefícios e desafios relacionados, salientando áreas latentes de desenvolvimento para a organização. Ademais, a percepção dos profissionais de mercado destacou distinções entre os modelos, a exemplo da maior adesão do modelo marketplace in a negócios com maior estágio de maturidade

    Exercise training prevents oxidative stress and ubiquitin-proteasome system overactivity and reverse skeletal muscle atrophy in heart failure

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    Background: Heart failure (HF) is known to lead to skeletal muscle atrophy and dysfunction. However, intracellular mechanisms underlying HF-induced myopathy are not fully understood. We hypothesized that HF would increase oxidative stress and ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) activation in skeletal muscle of sympathetic hyperactivity mouse model. We also tested the hypothesis that aerobic exercise training (AET) would reestablish UPS activation in mice and human HF. Methods/Principal Findings: Time-course evaluation of plantaris muscle cross-sectional area, lipid hydroperoxidation, protein carbonylation and chymotrypsin-like proteasome activity was performed in a mouse model of sympathetic hyperactivity-induced HF. At the 7th month of age, HF mice displayed skeletal muscle atrophy, increased oxidative stress and UPS overactivation. Moderate-intensity AET restored lipid hydroperoxides and carbonylated protein levels paralleled by reduced E3 ligases mRNA levels, and reestablished chymotrypsin-like proteasome activity and plantaris trophicity. In human HF (patients randomized to sedentary or moderate-intensity AET protocol), skeletal muscle chymotrypsin-like proteasome activity was also increased and AET restored it to healthy control subjects' levels. Conclusions: Collectively, our data provide evidence that AET effectively counteracts redox imbalance and UPS overactivation, preventing skeletal myopathy and exercise intolerance in sympathetic hyperactivity-induced HF in mice. Of particular interest, AET attenuates skeletal muscle proteasome activity paralleled by improved aerobic capacity in HF patients, which is not achieved by drug treatment itself. Altogether these findings strengthen the clinical relevance of AET in the treatment of HF.Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP)Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) [2006/61523-7, 2006/58460-4]Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (CNPq) [473251/2009-4, 301519/2008-0, 301867/2010-0]Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (CNPq
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