Vacinação anti-gripal: cobertura da população portuguesa

Entre 1999 e 2003 o Observatório Nacional de Saúde realizou quatro inquéritos telefónicos (1998/99, 1999/00, 2001/02 e 2002/03) ao painel de famílias ECOS - Em Casa Observamos Saúde, com o objectivo de estudar a cobertura com vacina antigripal da população portuguesa do Continente.Dos resultados obtidos destacam-se: A percentagem de indivíduos que declararam estar vacinados contra a gripe aumentou de forma consistente entre 1998/99 (14,2%) e 2001/02 (17,0%), apresentando uma descida, sem significado estatístico, na época de 2002/03(15,0%). Foi no grupo etário dos indivíduos com 65 e mais anos que se verificou sempre a percentagem mais elevada de vacinados (36,9%, 2002/03), por outro lado, a percentagem mais baixa de vacinados foi verificada no grupo etário 15-44 anos (7,0%, 2002/03). Os indivíduos que declararam sofrer de doenças crónicas (asma/bronquite asmática, doenças reumáticas, hipertensão arterial e diabetes),mostraram sempre percentagens de vacinados superiores à do total da população. Os valores mais elevados foram registados nos indivíduos com diabetes (34,5% 2002/03) e asma/bronquite asmática (34,3% 2002/03). Nestas circunstâncias, afigura-se importante que seja promovida uma maior cobertura com a vacina anti-gripal dos indivíduos com 65 anos e mais, já que essa cobertura não é suficientemente elevada, nomeadamente se comparada com a de outros países europeus. Embora sem ter disponíveis valores europeus de comparação, afigura-se igualmente necessário aumentar a cobertura dos outros quatro grupos de risco incluídos neste estudo, bem como, possivelmente, daqueles que nele não foram abordados

Governing locally for sustainability: public and private organizations’ perspective in surf tourism at Aljezur, Costa Vicentina, Portugal

This study explores how a rural municipality of low population density and strong tourism intensity for the practice of recreational activities can exert a sustainable collective action in the policies and strategies of planning and development of local tourism. The study focuses on the case study of the municipality of Aljezur, in Portugal, and is applied to a dominant tourism-recreational activity, surfing. Based on a survey of relevant stakeholders, namely private and public organizations, it was possible to obtain indicators of local environmental, economic and social convergence. These allowed elaborating a proposal for a municipal sustainable management charter of the surfing tourism in the region. The conception of this charter and the consequent strategies moves the management of local tourism destinations to higher levels of institutional sustainability.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio

Entrepreneurship, communication and ICT in secondary education

Education is essential to developing young people’s skills and culture. It is vital that entrepreneurship education is addressed from the secondary education. Entrepreneurship education is essential not only to shape the mindsets of young people but also to provide the skills that are important to developing an entrepreneurial culture. The entrepreneurship key competence refers to an individual’s ability to turn ideas into action. It includes creativity, innovation, and the ability to plan projects in order to achieve objectives. Besides, communication and ICT are relevant in innovation processes in organizations, especially in schools where people interact daily and it is intended to ensure a good future for the organization. In schools, the existence of good communication and the use of ICT is a relevant factor for the integration of teaching innovative projects related to entrepreneurship. A good communication ensures the dissemination of educational innovation processes adopted by the teachers. It´s relevant to improve teaching practice. Communication and the ICT play a key role in the processes of educational innovation. The incorporation of innovative materials, ICT, courses and communication activities, and the use of the media to extract information, are very important. Communication is essential in the secondary education. If the communication flows were eliminated in the school, we would not have school. Communication is introduced into all activities of the school, representing an important tool with which individuals understand their role in the school and integrates organizational departments. The secondary schools are organized through a model based on the participation and collaboration of its component, coordinating the actions of different people in order to achieve the proposed educational objectives. Therefore, the optimal operation of a secondary school is closely related to communication processes taking place in this organization. This paper studies the entrepreneurship, communication processes and the ICT in secondary education. Media and communication channels used in secondary schools to spread the teaching innovation projects related to the entrepreneurship are studied. Supports or conventional tools and new technologies for communication in educational organizations are also analysed when it is studied and worked the entrepreneurship in the classroom.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Produção de sementes de cebola em sistemas convencional e de transição agroecológica.

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo fazer um estudo nos sistemas de produção de semente de cebola convencional e agroecológico. Foram acompanhadas três propriedades nos municípios de Candiota e Hulha Negra,RS, de produção agroecológicas e duas convencionais, sendo marcadas aleatoriamente seis unidades de amostragem,cada uma delas com dois metros sobre a linha de produção, em cada uma das propriedades. As variáveis estudadas foram peso de bulbo, diâmetro bulbo quantidade de bulbos por área, quantidade de hastes por bulbo, quantidade de flores por umbela, quantidade de sementes por flor, teor de água da semente, rendimento de sementes, germinação,primeira contagem, peso de 1000 sementes, envelhecimento acelerado, índice e velocidade de germinação e sanidade de sementes, bem como o levantamento dos custos de produção. A produção de semente de cebola através do sistema de produção agroecológico é economicamente viável e ecologicamente sustentável. A produção de semente de cebola em sistema convencional situa-se em média de 30% do seu potencial. O potencial de produção e qualidade fisiológica da semente de cebola agroecológica e convencional são similares. A variável número de flores por umbela pode ser considerada o componente principal da produção de semente de cebola

Transcutaneous flow related variables measured in vivo: the effects of gender

BACKGOUND: The identification of potential sources of error is a crucial step for any new assessment technique. This is the case for transcutaneous variables, such as flow and arterial gases, which have been applied as functional indicators of various aspects of human health. Regarding gender, a particular subject-related determinant, it is often claimed that women present higher transcutaneous oxygen pressure (tcpO(2)) values than men. However, the statistical significance of this finding is still uncertain. METHODS: The haemodynamical-vascular response to a local reactive hyperaemia procedure (the tourniquet cuff manoeuvre) was studied in two previously selected group of volunteers (n = 16; 8 women and 8 men). The effect of gender was assessed under standardised experimental conditions, using the transcutaneous flow-related variables tcpO(2)-tcpCO(2) and Laser-doppler Flowmetry (LDF). RESULTS: Regarding tcpO(2), statistically significant differences between genders were not found, although higher values were consistently found for the gases in the female group. Regarding LDF, high statistically significant differences (p < 0.005) were found, with the men's group presenting the highest values and variability. Other derived parameters used to characterise the vascular response following the cuff-deflation (t-peak) were similar in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: The relative influence of gender was not clearly demonstrated using these experimental conditions. However the gender-related LDF differences suggest that further investigation should be done on this issue. Perhaps in the presence of certain pathological disparities involving peripheral vascular regulation, other relationships may be found between these variables

Pancytopenia in an infant

Introdução: No lactente a causa mais frequente de deficiência de cobalamina é a carência alimentar da mãe, e geralmente em crianças em aleitamento materno exclusivo. As manifestações clínicas nos primeiros meses de vida, incluem, irritabilidade, má progressão estaturoponderal, apatia e anorexia, bem como manifestações neurológicas como hipotonia e regressão no desenvolvimento psicomotor. Caso clínico: Apresenta-se um caso de anemia megaloblástica por défice de cobalamina num lactente com sete meses de idade em aleitamento materno exclusivo. Um mês antes do internamento apresentava apatia e regressão no desenvolvimento psicomotor, a que mais tarde se associou palidez cutânea. A avaliação laboratorial evidenciou pancitopenia com anemia grave. Conclusão: A idade de início precoce e a longa duração dos sintomas neurológicos podem contribuir para a persistência de sintomas a longo prazo, sendo por isso fundamentais o diagnóstico e tratamento precoces. ABSTRACT Introduction: The most common cause of cobalamin deficiency in infants is dietary deficiency in the mother, usually in those children who are exclusively breastfed. In the first months of life, the clinical manifestations of cobalamin deficiency include irritability, failure to thrive, apathy, anorexia, and neurological manifestations such as hypotonia or developmental regression. Case report: We report a case of megaloblastic anaemia due to cobalamin deficiency in a seven-month-old girl who was exclusively breastfed. One month before being admitted she started apathy and developmental regression, later associated with pallor. Laboratory findings showed pancytopenia with severe anaemia. Conclusions: The early age of onset and long duration of neurological symptoms may contribute to the development of long-term symptoms, so early diagnosis and treatment are of extreme importance