45 research outputs found
Determinants of the mean growth rate of children under the age of six months: a cohort study
This study aimed to investigate some factors that contributed to higher or lower growth rate of children up to the sixth month of life. This is a cohort study with 240 children evaluated in four stages. Variables of birth, eating habits of the child, mothers’ breast-feeding difficulty and pacifier use were investigated. Children’s weight gain rate (grams/day) and size gain (cm/month) were measured in all assessments and compared according to the variables of interest. In the first month, weight gain rate of children born by cesarean section was smaller. By the second month, the growth rate (weight and size gain) was higher among children who were exclusively or predominantly breastfed and lower among those who consumed infant formula. Children of mothers who reported difficulty to breastfeed showed a lower growth rate until the second month. Children age four months who consumed porridge had lower weight and size gain rate. Pacifier use was associated with lower weight gain rates up the first, second and fourth month
Primary metabolism is distinctly modulated by plant resistance inducers in Coffea arabica leaves infected by Hemileia vastattrix
Original ResearchEpidemics of coffee leaf rust (CLR) leads to great yield losses and huge depreciation
of coffee marketing values, if no control measures are applied. Societal expectations
of a more sustainable coffee production are increasingly imposing the replacement
of fungicide treatments by alternative solutions. A protection strategy is to take
advantage of the plant immune system by eliciting constitutive defenses. Based on
such concept, plant resistance inducers (PRIs) have been developed. The Greenforce
CuCa formulation, similarly to acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM), shows promising results
in the control of CLR (Hemileia vastatrix) in Coffea arabica cv. Mundo Novo. The
molecular mechanisms of PRIs action are poorly understood. In order to contribute to its
elucidation a proteomic, physiological (leaf gas-exchange) and biochemical (enzymatic)
analyses were performed. Coffee leaves treated with Greenforce CuCa and ASM and
inoculation with H. vastatrix were considered. Proteomics revealed that both PRIs lead
to metabolic adjustments but, inducing distinct proteins. These proteins were related
with photosynthesis, protein metabolism and stress responses. Greenforce CuCa
increased photosynthesis and stomatal conductance, while ASM caused a decrease
in these parameters. It was further observed that Greenforce CuCa reinforces the
redox homeostasis of the leaf, while ASM seems to affect preferentially the secondary
metabolism and the stress-related proteins. So, the PRIs prepare the plant to resist CLR
but, inducing different defense mechanisms upon pathogen infection. The existence of
a link between the primary metabolism and defense responses was evidenced. The
identification of components of the plant primary metabolism, essential for plant growth
and development that, simultaneously, participate in the plant defense responses can
open new perspectives for plant breeding programsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
MAMMALS IN PORTUGAL : A data set of terrestrial, volant, and marine mammal occurrences in P ortugal
Mammals are threatened worldwide, with 26% of all species being includedin the IUCN threatened categories. This overall pattern is primarily associatedwith habitat loss or degradation, and human persecution for terrestrial mam-mals, and pollution, open net fishing, climate change, and prey depletion formarine mammals. Mammals play a key role in maintaining ecosystems func-tionality and resilience, and therefore information on their distribution is cru-cial to delineate and support conservation actions. MAMMALS INPORTUGAL is a publicly available data set compiling unpublishedgeoreferenced occurrence records of 92 terrestrial, volant, and marine mam-mals in mainland Portugal and archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira thatincludes 105,026 data entries between 1873 and 2021 (72% of the data occur-ring in 2000 and 2021). The methods used to collect the data were: live obser-vations/captures (43%), sign surveys (35%), camera trapping (16%),bioacoustics surveys (4%) and radiotracking, and inquiries that represent lessthan 1% of the records. The data set includes 13 types of records: (1) burrowsjsoil moundsjtunnel, (2) capture, (3) colony, (4) dead animaljhairjskullsjjaws, (5) genetic confirmation, (6) inquiries, (7) observation of live animal (8),observation in shelters, (9) photo trappingjvideo, (10) predators dietjpelletsjpine cones/nuts, (11) scatjtrackjditch, (12) telemetry and (13) vocalizationjecholocation. The spatial uncertainty of most records ranges between 0 and100 m (76%). Rodentia (n=31,573) has the highest number of records followedby Chiroptera (n=18,857), Carnivora (n=18,594), Lagomorpha (n=17,496),Cetartiodactyla (n=11,568) and Eulipotyphla (n=7008). The data setincludes records of species classified by the IUCN as threatened(e.g.,Oryctolagus cuniculus[n=12,159],Monachus monachus[n=1,512],andLynx pardinus[n=197]). We believe that this data set may stimulate thepublication of other European countries data sets that would certainly contrib-ute to ecology and conservation-related research, and therefore assisting onthe development of more accurate and tailored conservation managementstrategies for each species. There are no copyright restrictions; please cite thisdata paper when the data are used in publications.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Trajetórias da Educomunicação nas Políticas Públicas e a Formação de seus Profissionais
Esta obra é composta com os trabalhos apresentados no primeiro subtema, TRAJETÓRIA – Educação para a Comunicação como Política pública, nas perspectivas da Educomunicação e da Mídia-Educação, do II Congresso Internacional de Comunicação e Educação. Os artigos pretendem propiciar trocas de informações e produzir reflexões com os leitores sobre os caminhos percorridos, e ainda a percorrer, tendo como meta a expansão e a legitimação das práticas educomunicativas e/ou mídia-educativas como política pública para o atendimento à formação de crianças, adolescentes, jovens e adultos, no Brasil e no mundo