2,797 research outputs found
Magnetoswitching of current oscillations in diluted magnetic semiconductor nanostructures
Strongly nonlinear transport through Diluted Magnetic Semiconductor
multiquantum wells occurs due to the interplay between confinement, Coulomb and
exchange interaction. Nonlinear effects include the appearance of spin
polarized stationary states and self-sustained current oscillations as possible
stable states of the nanostructure, depending on its configuration and control
parameters such as voltage bias and level splitting due to an external magnetic
field. Oscillatory regions grow in size with well number and level splitting. A
systematic analysis of the charge and spin response to voltage and magnetic
field switching of II-VI Diluted Magnetic Semiconductor multiquantum wells is
carried out. The description of stationary and time-periodic spin polarized
states, the transitions between them and the responses to voltage or magnetic
field switching have great importance due to the potential implementation of
spintronic devices based on these nanostructures.Comment: 14 pages, 4 figures, Revtex, to appear in PR
Nonlinear localized modes in two-dimensional electrical lattices
We report the observation of spontaneous localization of energy in two
spatial dimensions in the context of nonlinear electrical lattices. Both
stationary and traveling self-localized modes were generated experimentally and
theoretically in a family of two-dimensional square, as well as hon- eycomb
lattices composed of 6x6 elements. Specifically, we find regions in driver
voltage and frequency where stationary discrete breathers, also known as
intrinsic localized modes (ILM), exist and are stable due to the interplay of
damping and spatially homogeneous driving. By introduc- ing additional
capacitors into the unit cell, these lattices can controllably induce traveling
discrete breathers. When more than one such ILMs are experimentally generated
in the lattice, the interplay of nonlinearity, discreteness and wave
interactions generate a complex dynamics wherein the ILMs attempt to maintain a
minimum distance between one another. Numerical simulations show good agreement
with experimental results, and confirm that these phenomena qualitatively carry
over to larger lattice sizes.Comment: 5 pages, 6 figure
Vortex Structures Formed by the Interference of Sliced Condensates
We study the formation of vortices, vortex necklaces and vortex ring
structures as a result of the interference of higher-dimensional Bose-Einstein
condensates (BECs). This study is motivated by earlier theoretical results
pertaining to the formation of dark solitons by interfering quasi
one-dimensional BECs, as well as recent experiments demonstrating the formation
of vortices by interfering higher-dimensional BECs. Here, we demonstrate the
genericity of the relevant scenario, but also highlight a number of additional
possibilities emerging in higher-dimensional settings. A relevant example is,
e.g., the formation of a "cage" of vortex rings surrounding the
three-dimensional bulk of the condensed atoms. The effects of the relative
phases of the different BEC fragments and the role of damping due to coupling
with the thermal cloud are also discussed. Our predictions should be
immediately tractable in currently existing experimental BEC setups.Comment: 8 pages, 6 figures (low res). To appear in Phys. Rev. A. Full
resolution preprint available at:
http://www-rohan.sdsu.edu/~rcarrete/publications
Guiding chemical pulses through geometry: Y-junctions
We study computationally and experimentally the propagation of chemical
pulses in complex geometries.The reaction of interest, CO oxidation, takes
place on single crystal Pt(110) surfaces that are microlithographically
patterned; they are also addressable through a focused laser beam, manipulated
through galvanometer mirrors, capable of locally altering the crystal
temperature and thus affecting pulse propagation. We focus on sudden changes in
the domain shape (corners in a Y-junction geometry) that can affect the pulse
dynamics; we also show how brief, localized temperature perturbations can be
used to control reactive pulse propagation.The computational results are
corroborated through experimental studies in which the pulses are visualized
using Reflection Anisotropy Microscopy.Comment: submitted to Phys. Rev.
LA VEGETACIÓN EMERGENTE DE LOS ARROZALES EUROPEOS
The emergent weed flora of eleven european rice growing areas from Portugal, Spain, France, Italy, Romania and Hungary is analysed. It is concluded that al1 emergent vegetation of the european rice fields studied belongs to the same association, Oryzo sativae-Echinochloetum cruris-galli Sóo 1946 ex Ubrizsy 1948, with a subassociation, paspaletosum disrichi (W. Koch 1954) nom. & stat. nov., characterised by the presence of more termophile taxa.Se analiza la flora arvense emergente de los arrozales de once zonas europeas de Portugal, España, Francia, Italia, Rumanía y Hungría. Se llega a la conclusión de que la vegetación emergente de los arrozales de estos países pertenece a la misma asociación vegetal, Oryzo sativae-Echinochloetum cruris-galli Sóo 1946 ex Ubrizsy 1948, en la que se distingue una subasociación, paspaletosum distichi (W. Koch 1954) nom. & stat. nov., de carácter más termófilo
Single and Multiple Vortex Rings in Three-Dimensional Bose-Einstein Condensates: Existence, Stability and Dynamics
In the present work, we explore the existence, stability and dynamics of
single and multiple vortex ring states that can arise in Bose-Einstein
condensates. Earlier works have illustrated the bifurcation of such states, in
the vicinity of the linear limit, for isotropic or anisotropic
three-dimensional harmonic traps. Here, we extend these states to the regime of
large chemical potentials, the so-called Thomas-Fermi limit, and explore their
properties such as equilibrium radii and inter-ring distance, for multi-ring
states, as well as their vibrational spectra and possible instabilities. In
this limit, both the existence and stability characteristics can be partially
traced to a particle picture that considers the rings as individual particles
oscillating within the trap and interacting pairwise with one another. Finally,
we examine some representative instability scenarios of the multi-ring dynamics
including breakup and reconnections, as well as the transient formation of
vortex lines.Comment: 10 pages, 8 figure
Impact of anisotropy on vortex clusters and their dynamics
We investigate the effects of anisotropy on the stability and dynamics of
vortex cluster states which arise in Bose-Einstein condensates. Sufficiently
strong anisotropies are shown to stabilize states with arbitrary numbers of
vortices that are highly unstable in the isotropic limit. Conversely,
anisotropy can be used to destabilize states which are stable in the isotropic
limit. Near the linear limit, we identify the bifurcations of vortex states
including their emergence from linear eigenstates, while in the strongly
nonlinear limit, a particle-like description of the dynamics of the vortices in
the anisotropic trap is developed. Both are in very good agreement with
numerical results. Collective modes of stabilized many vortex cluster states
are demonstrated.Comment: 6 pages, 6 figure
Photoluminescence-free photoreflectance spectra using dual frequency modulation
The following article appeared in Journal of Applied Physics 102.9 (2007): 093507 and may be found at https://aip.scitation.org/doi/10.1063/1.2802991Photoreflectance (PR) spectra are usually obtained by measuring the relative change on the reflectivity of a semiconducting sample induced by a chopped laser beam. The laser beam can also produce photoluminescence (PL) emission at the sample surface which, detected at its same frequency, could appear as an offset distorting the PR spectrum. This parasitic and intrinsically noisy PL signal, not easily discriminated electronically nor optically filtered, can become the dominant part of the PR spectrum at low sample temperatures, hiding spectrum features under its associated noise, or even avoiding data acquisition. An alternative method for PL signal discrimination is proposed in this work, using a different chopping frequency for each light beam: PL and reflected signals will appear each one at its own chopping frequency, while PR signal will be detected at its frequency sum, allowing signal separation by frequency. Both experimental setups are compared using a highly luminescent quantum well structure at low temperatures. While the standard setup suffers the PL limitation, the proposed method overcomes this constraint, allowing good quality spectra to be measured at temperatures as low as 12
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