640 research outputs found
The Study on RFID Security Method for Entrance Guard System
The RFID technology has been used by industries in recent years, for examples, replacing the traditional two-dimensional barcode, logistics management, military applications, identification. In fact, RFID technology has become one of the new killer technologies. The RFID uses radio frequency to convey information which involves, however, many security problems; Current RFID guidelines do not present solutions to these security problems. The methods put forward in published paper fail to offer complete solutions, either. This study identifies RFID security method for Entrance Guard system. The algorithms used include Hash, AES, random values, XOR four item technology, and use the three-way authentication structure to solve the safety problems of the certification of Entrance Guard system. The experiment showed the algorithms provided better protection on the current RFID systems against attack methods such as Eavesdropping, Traceability, Spoofing and Replay attacking
Synergistic therapeutic effect of arsenic trioxide and radiotherapy in BALB/C nude mice bearing nasopharyngeal carcinoma xenografts
It has been shown that arsenic trioxide (ATO) induced apoptosis in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells and inhibited the growth of nasopharyngeal carcinoma xenografts (NPCX) in nude mice. Aim: The present study was designed to determine whether ATO at the non-toxic dose level could potentiate the therapeutic effectiveness of radiation therapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma, using a BALB/C nude mouse xenograft model. Methods: The mice bearing NPCX were treated with radiation alone (2, 4, and 6 Gy), ATO alone (4 mg/kg/day x 6 days), and ATO plus radiation at the same dosage levels. Time of tumor growth delay (defined as the time necessary for the tumor to grow four-fold of its initial volume after, compared with untreated tumors) and toxic effects were determined. Results: The low dose ATO alone has no pronounced effects on tumor growth delay compared to untreated control. However, compared with radiation alone, the combined regimen delayed the tumor growth by 2β10 days and had no significant toxic effects such as the liver function damage. Conclusions: Combination of ATO at non-toxic dose level and radiation has synergistic effects on tumor growth inhibition in vivo and is well tolerated.Π£ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄ ΠΌΡΡΡΡΠΊΠ° (Π’ΠΠ) ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ Π°ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ· Π² ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ Π½ΠΎΡΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ° ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ
ΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΊΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ° ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ Π½ΠΎΡΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ Ρ Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ. Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ β ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠ΅Π²ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ
ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π’ΠΠ Π² Π½Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π΅ ΠΌΡΡΠ°ΠΌ Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΈ BALB/ Ρ ΠΊΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ Π½ΠΎΡΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ.
ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ: ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Ρ ΠΊΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ Π½ΠΎΡΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡ (2, 4 ΠΈ 6 ΠΡ) ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π’ΠΠ
(4 ΠΌΠ³/ΠΊΠ³/Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ 6 Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ), ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ
ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π°Ρ
. ΠΠ°Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΊΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ° ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ
ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΡΡ 4-ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΌ Π²
ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ΅ versus ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ΅. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ: Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π’ΠΠ Π² Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π΅ Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π»ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ
Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΒΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ΅, Π° Π² ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΠΎΠ±Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ
ΠΊ Π·Π°Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΊΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ° ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π° 2β12 ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ Ρ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π²ΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ². ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ: ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΡ Π’ΠΠ Π² Π½Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π΅ ΠΈ Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ° ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ in vivo ΠΈ Π½Π΅ Π²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ².
ΠΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π°: ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄ ΠΌΡΡΡΡΠΊΠ°, ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡ, ΠΊΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ Π½ΠΎΡΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ
The multifocal approach to sharing in shared decision making: a critical appraisal of the MAPPIN'SDM
ObjectiveShared decision making integrates health care provider expertise with patient values and preferences. The MAPPIN'SDM is a recently developed measurement instrument that incorporates physician, patient, and observer perspectives during medical consultations. This review sought to critically appraise the development, sensibility, reliability, and validity of the MAPPIN'SDM and to determine in which settings it has been used.MethodsThis critical appraisal was performed through a targeted review of the literature. Articles outlining the development or measurement property assessment of the MAPPIN'SDM or that used the instrument for predictor or outcome purposes were identified.ResultsThirteen studies were included. The MAPPIN'SDM was developed by both adapting and building on previous shared decision making measurement instruments, as well as through creation of novel items. Content validity, face validity, and item quality of the MAPPIN'SDM are adequate. Internal consistency ranged from 0.91 to 0.94 and agreement statistics from 0.41 to 0.92. The MAPPIN'SDM has been evaluated in several populations and settings, ranging from chronic disease to acute oncological settings. Limitations include high reading levels required for self-administered patient questionnaires and the small number of studies that have employed the instrument to date.ConclusionThe MAPPIN'SDM generally shows adequate development, sensibility, reliability, and validity in preliminary testing and holds promise for shared decision making research integrating multiple perspectives. Further research is needed to develop its use in other patient populations and to assess patient understanding of complex item wording.Analysis and support of clinical decision makin
Heavy-to-light transition form factors and their relations in light-cone QCD sum rules
The improved light-cone QCD sum rules by using chiral current correlator is
systematically reviewed and applied to the calculation of all the
heavy-to-light form factors, including all the semileptonic and penguin ones.
By choosing suitable chiral currents, the light-cone sum rules for all the form
factors are greatly simplified and depend mainly on one leading twist
distribution amplitude of the light meson. As a result, relations between these
form factors arise naturally. At the considered accuracy these relations
reproduce the results obtained in the literature. Moreover, since the explicit
dependence on the leading twist distribution amplitudes is preserved, these
relations may be more useful to simulate the experimental data and extract the
information on the distribution amplitude.Comment: 1+16 pages, no figure
Revisiting the B {\to} {\pi} {\rho}, {\pi} {\omega} Decays in the Perturbative QCD Approach Beyond the Leading Order
We calculate the branching ratios and CP asymmetries of the ,
decays in the perturbative QCD factorization approach up to the
next-to-leading-order contributions. We find that the next-to-leading-order
contributions can interfere with the leading-order part constructively or
destructively for different decay modes. Our numerical results have a much
better agreement with current available data than previous leading-order
calculations, e.g., the next-to-leading-order corrections enhance the
branching ratios by a factor 2.5, which is helpful
to narrow the gaps between theoretic predictions and experimental data. We also
update the direct CP-violation parameters, the mixing-induced CP-violation
parameters of these modes, which show a better agreement with experimental data
than many of the other approaches.Comment: 23 pages, 4 figures, 4 table
How to derive causal insights for digital commerce in China? A research commentary on computational social science methods
Origin and transformation of light hydrocarbons ascending at an active pockmark on Vestnesa Ridge, Arctic Ocean
We report on the geochemistry of hydrocarbons and pore waters down to 62.5 mbsf, collected by drilling with the MARUMβMeBo70 and by gravity coring at the Lunde pockmark in the Vestnesa Ridge. Our data document the origin and transformations of volatiles feeding gas emissions previously documented in this region. Gas hydrates are present where a fracture network beneath the pockmark focusses migration of thermogenic hydrocarbons characterized by their C1/C2+ and stable isotopic compositions (Ξ΄2HβCH4, Ξ΄13CβCH4). Measured geothermal gradients (~80Β°C kmβ1) and known formation temperatures (>70Β°C) suggest that those hydrocarbons are formed at depths >800 mbsf.
A combined analytical/modeling approach, including concentration and isotopic mass balances, reveals that pockmark sediments experience diffuse migration of thermogenic hydrocarbons. However, at sites without channeled flow this appears to be limited to depths > ~50 mbsf. At all sites we document a contribution of microbial methanogenesis to the overall carbon cycle that includes a component of secondary carbonate reduction (CR) β i.e. reduction of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) generated by anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) in the uppermost methanogenic zone. AOM and CR rates are spatially variable within the pockmark and are highest at highβflux sites. These reactions are revealed by Ξ΄13CβDIC depletions at the sulfateβmethane interface at all sites. However, Ξ΄13CβCH4 depletions are only observed at the low methane flux sites because changes in the isotopic composition of the overall methane pool are masked at highβflux sites. 13Cβdepletions of TOC suggest that at seeps sites, methaneβderived carbon is incorporated into de novo synthesized biomass
Black Rings, Supertubes, and a Stringy Resolution of Black Hole Non-Uniqueness
In order to address the issues raised by the recent discovery of
non-uniqueness of black holes in five dimensions, we construct a solution of
string theory at low energies describing a five-dimensional spinning black ring
with three charges that can be interpreted as D1-brane, D5-brane, and momentum
charges. The solution possesses closed timelike curves (CTCs) and other
pathologies, whose origin we clarify. These pathologies can be avoided by
setting any one of the charges, e.g. the momentum, to zero. We argue that the
D1-D5-charged black ring, lifted to six dimensions, describes the thermal
excitation of a supersymmetric D1-D5 supertube, which is in the same U-duality
class as the D0-F1 supertube. We explain how the stringy microscopic
description of the D1-D5 system distinguishes between a spherical black hole
and a black ring with the same asymptotic charges, and therefore provides a
(partial) resolution of the non-uniqueness of black holes in five dimensions.Comment: 33 pages, 1 figur
The combined role of MRI prostate and prostate health index in improving detection of significant prostate cancer in a screening population of Chinese men
Using prostate-specific antigen (PSA) for prostate cancer (PCa) screening led to overinvestigation and overdiagnosis of indolent PCa. We aimed to investigate the value of prostate health index (PHI) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) prostate in an Asian PCa screening program. Men aged 50-75 years were prospectively recruited from a community-based PSA screening program. Men with PSA 4.0-10.0 ng ml -1 had PHI result analyzed. MRI prostate was offered to men with PSA 4.0-50.0 ng ml -1. A systematic prostate biopsy was offered to men with PSA 4.0-9.9 ng ml -1 and PHI β₯35, or PSA 10.0-50.0 ng ml -1. Additional targeted prostate biopsy was offered if they had PI-RADS score β₯3. Clinically significant PCa (csPCa) was defined as the International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) grade group (GG) β₯2 or ISUP GG 1 with involvement of β₯30% of total systematic cores. In total, 12.8% (196/1536) men had PSA β₯4.0 ng ml -1. Among 194 men with PSA 4.0-50.0 ng ml -1, 187 (96.4%) received MRI prostate. Among them, 28.3% (53/187) had PI-RADS β₯3 lesions. Moreover, 7.0% (107/1536) men were indicated for biopsy and 94.4% (101/107) men received biopsy. Among the men received biopsy, PCa, ISUP GG β₯2 PCa, and csPCa was diagnosed in 42 (41.6%), 24 (23.8%), and 34 (33.7%) men, respectively. Compared with PSA/PHI pathway in men with PSA 4.0-50.0 ng ml -1, additional MRI increased diagnoses of PCa, ISUP GG β₯2 PCa, and csPCa by 21.2% (from 33 to 40), 22.2% (from 18 to 22), and 18.5% (from 27 to 32), respectively. The benefit of additional MRI was only observed in PSA 4.0-10.0 ng ml -1, and the number of MRI needed to diagnose one additional ISUP GG β₯2 PCa was 20 in PHI β₯35 and 94 in PHI <35. Among them, 45.4% (89/196) men with PSA β₯4.0 ng ml -1 avoided unnecessary biopsy with the use of PHI and MRI. A screening algorithm with PSA, PHI, and MRI could effectively diagnose csPCa while reducing unnecessary biopsies. The benefit of MRI prostate was mainly observed in PSA 4.0-9.9 ng ml -1 and PHI β₯35 group. PHI was an important risk stratification step for PCa screening.</p
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