SINAIS CLÍNICOS DO LINFOMA CANINO

O linfoma é uma neoplasia com origem nos tecidos linfóides sólidos e bastante freqüentes em cães. O objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever os sinais clínicos dos cães com diagnóstico linfoma citológico e/ou histopatológico, atendidos no Hospital Veterinário da FMVZ de Botucatu - SP. Os dados obtidos foram retirados dos prontuários de 54 cães com linfoma, atendidos num período de 28 meses (fevereiro de 1997 a maio de 1999) no referido hospital. A manifestação clínica mais comum foi linfoadenopatia generalizada em 87,04% dos cães. Os sinais clínicos também incluíram apatia (68,52%), perda de peso (68,52%) e hiporexia (42,59%). Os resultados permitem concluir que os sinais clínicos do linfoma canino são variados e inespecíficos. Clinical signs of the canine lymphoma Abstract Canine lymphoma, one of the most frequently detected tumors in dogs, is a neoplasia originating in lymphoid tissues. Over a period of 28 months (February 1997 - May 1999), 54 dogs with diagnosis of lymphoma were evaluated at the Veterinary Hospital of Botucatu, SP. The objective was to describe the clinical findings of dogs with lymphomas. Lymphadenopathy was the clinical finding of highest incidence (87.04%) among the animals studied. Apathy (68.52%), weight loss (68.52%) and hyporexia (42.59%) were the most frequent clinical findings. We conclude that the clinical findings vary as a function of anatomical classification and clinical staging of the tumor

Epidemiology Of Fluorosis And Dental Caries According To Different Types Of Water Supplies [epidemiologia Da Fluorose E Cáries Dentárias De Acordo Com Diferentes Tipos De Abastecimento De água]

The aim of this article is to investigate the relationship between fluorosis/dental caries in schools, according to the level of fluoride in public water supply. The sample comprised of twelve-year-old daytime students (360) of both genders, attending schools close to the region where they were born. The schools were classified into three groups according to the presence of fluoride in the water supply: 1) fluoridation in the Water Treatment Station-WTS; 2) Direct Fluoridation in Wells-DFW; and 3) Non Fluoridated Areas-NFA. The χ2 and Goodman tests (significance=5%) were used to evaluate the association between the origin of water and degree of fluorosis; percentage of distribution and descriptive measures were used for investigation of the degree of fluorosis. The following outcomes were predominant: presence of dental caries in the entire sample (P<0.05); absence of fluorosis in both genders, for white individuals and subjects living in areas supplied by both DFW and NFA (P<0.05). There was no difference in the severity of fluorosis between the sources of water supply (P>0.05). Dental caries is still an important problem in this population, despite the establishment of preventive measured. The observation of fluorosis in students living in non-fluoridated areas confirms the presence of other sources of fluoride.15SUPPL. 118411847Murray, J.J., (1986) Appropriate Use of Fluorides for Human Health, , Geneva: World Health OrganizationBuzalaf, M.A.R., Damante, C.A., Trevizane, L.M.M., Granjeiro, J.M., Risc of fluorosis associated with infant formulas prepared with bottled water (2004) J Dent Child, 71, pp. 110-113Thylstrup, A., Clinical evidence of the role of preeruptive fluoride in caries prevention (1990) J Dent Res, 69, pp. 742-750. , Spec IssCury, J.A., Uso do flúor e controle da cárie como doença (2001) Odontologia Restauradora - Fundamentos E Possibilidades, pp. 33-68. , Baratieri LN, organizador, São Paulo: SantosNagem, F.H., Maria, V.S., Aragão, H.D.N., Leirião, J.A., Sato, S., Sitanaka, M.H., Garcia, M.Z., Galhardo, E., (1997) Determinação Da Taxa De Flúor Da Água De Abasteci- Mento Da Cidade De Bauru, , Bauru: EDUSCFegerskov, O., Manji, F., Baelum, V., Møller, I.J., (1988) Dental Fluorosis. a Handbook For Health Workers, , Copenhagen: Munksgaard International Publishedenbesten, P.K., Biological mechanisms of dental fluorosis relevant to the use of fluoride supplements (1999) Community Dent Oral Epidemiol, 27, pp. 41-47Banting, D.W., International fluoride supplement recommendations (1999) Community Dent Oral Epidemiol, 27, pp. 57-61Moysés, S.T., Moysés, S.J., Fluorose dentária (2006) Epidemiologia Da Saúde Bucal, pp. 115-127. , Antunes JLF, Peres MA, organizadores, 54a ed. Rio de Janeiro: Guanabara KooganCochran, W., (1977) Sampling Techniques, , New York: John WileyMinistério da Saúde. Conselho Nacional de Saúde. Resolução no 196, de 10 de outubro de 1996. Regulamenta pesquisa envolvendo seres humanos (1996) Diário Oficial Da União, , Brasil, 16 outPereira, M.G., (1999) Epidemiologia Teoria E Prática, , Rio de Janeiro: Guanabara KooganKlein, H., Palmer, C.E., Dental caries in American indian children (1986) Odontologia Social, pp. 83-98. , Chaves MM, organizador, Rio de Janeiro: Artes Médicas(1997) The DMFT: Index. San Francisco: Dental Health Center, , Dental Health Center, Mimeo(1997) Pesquisa Nacional Por Amostra de Domicílios, , Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística, Rio de Janeiro: IBGEJohnson, A., Wichern, D.W., (1992) Applied Multivasiate Statistical Analyses, , New Jersey: Prendice Hall International IncGoodman, L.A., On simultaneous confidence intervals for multinomial proportions (1965) Technometrics, 7, pp. 247-254Weyne, S.C., A construção do paradigma de promoção de saúdeum desafio para as novas gerações (1999) ABOPREV: Promoção De Saúde Bucal, pp. 1-26. , Kriger L, organizador, São Paulo: Artes MédicasPendrys, D.G., Risk of fluorosis in a fluoridated population: Implication for the Dentist and Hygienist (1995) J Amer Dent Ass, 126, pp. 1617-1624Newbrum, E., Current regulations and recommendations concerning water fluoridation, fluoride supplements and topical fluoride agents (1992) J Dent Res, 71, pp. 1255-1265Simard, P.L., Lachapelle, D., Thahan, L., Naccache, H., Demers, M., Brodeur, J.M., The investigation of fluoride dentifrice by young children (1989) J Dent Child, 58, pp. 177-181Griffin, S.O., Beltrán, E.D., Lockwood, S.A., Barker, L.K., Esthetically objectionable fluorosis attributable to water fluoridation (2002) Community Dent Oral Epidemiol, 30, pp. 199-209Levy, S.M., Kohout, F.J., Kiritsy, M.C., Heilman, J.R., Wefel, J.S., Infants' fluoride ingestion from water, suplements and dentifrice (1995) J Amer Dent Ass, 126, pp. 1625-1632Lima, Y.B.O., Cury, J.A., Ingestão de flúor por crianças pela água e dentifrícios (2001) Rev. Saude Publica, 35, pp. 576-581Goals for oral health in the year 2000 (1982) Brit Dent J, 152, pp. 21-23. , International Dental FederationTavares, P.C., Bastos, J.R.M., Concentração de flúor na água: Cárie, fluorose e teor de flúor urinário em escolares de Bauru, SP (1999) Rev Ass Paul Cirurg. Dent, 53, pp. 407-418Barros, E.R.C., Tovo, M.F., Scapini, C., Análise crítica da fluoretação de águas (1990) Rev Gaúcha Odont, 38, pp. 247-254Poletto, L.T.A., (1993) Levantamento Epidemiológico Do Estado De Saúde Bucal Da População Urbana Na Cidade De Bauru, , tese. Bauru (SP): Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru da USPRando-Meirelles, M.P.M., Hoffmann, R.H.S., Silva, D.D., Sousa, M.L.R., Fluorose dentária em pré-escolares e escolares de municípios com e sem água fluoretada na região de Sorocaba, SP, Brasil (2008) Cienc Odontol Bras, 11, pp. 84-9

LINFOMA CANINO ACHADOS CLÍNICO-PATOLÓGICOS

O linfoma é uma neoplasia com origem nos tecidos hematopoiéticos sólidos e é um dos tumores mais freqüentes em cães. Os resultados dos exames laboratoriais obtidos foram retirados dos prontuários de 54 cães com diagnóstico de linfoma, atendidos num período de 28 meses (fevereiro de 1997 a maio de 1999) no Hospital - Botucatu SP. O objetivo foi descrever as alterações hematológicas, do exame de urina e do perfil bioquímico sérico nestes cães. As alterações hematológicas mais freqüentes foram anemia e leucocitose, que ocorreram em 44,44% dos casos. As alterações do exame de urina e do perfil bioquímico sérico foram infreqüentes. O aumento sérico da bilirrubina e das enzimas hepáticas sugerem invasão do fígado por células neoplásicas. A hipercalcemia e hiperglobulinemia foram as síndromes paraneoplásicas suspeitas neste estudo. Conclui-se que os achados bioquímicos e hematológicos do linfoma canino são inespecíficos e variados. Clinical pathologic alterations - canine lymphoma Abstract Canine lymphoma, one of the frequently detected tumors in dogs, is a neoplasia originating in lymphoid tissues. Over a period of 28 months (February 1997 - May 1999) the hematologic, urinalysis and biochemical alterations of 54 dogs with a clinical diagnosis of lymphoma were evaluated at the Veterinary Hospital - Botucatu, SP. Anemia and leukocytosis were the most frequent hematological changes occurring in 44.44% of the cases. Changes in the routine urinalysis or serum clinical chemistry were infrequent. Increased serum levels of bilirubin and liver enzymes suggest invasion of the liver by neoplastic cells. Hypercalcemia and hypergammaglobulinemia were suspected as paraneoplasic syndromes in this study. We conclude that the biochemical and hematological findings of canine lymphoma are nonspecific and variable

Indicadores de acciones técnicas y de intensidad de acuerdo con las posiciones de los jugadores en partidas oficiales de la liga brasileña de baloncesto

El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar los indicadores de las acciones técnicas (IAT) y de intensidad de acuerdo con las posiciones de los jugadores, en seis partidos oficiales de la Liga de Baloncesto de Brasil. Participaron de este estudio 10 jugadores de la elite del baloncesto (27,60±5,54 años). La frecuencia de los IAT del partido (ΣIP) y el índice de eficiencia (IE), fueron extraídos de las estadísticas oficiales. Los atletas jugaron con transmisores de FC para determinación de la intensidad. Fueron producidas medidas descriptivas; y calculada la magnitud de la diferencia [Δ%=(1-(IE÷ΣIP))*100]. Cuando los jugadores fueron clasificados pela Δ%, se clasificaron automáticamente por las respectivas posiciones, en 80% de los casos. Los jugadores de las posiciones 4 y 5 juegan cerca del cesto y realizan el juego más seguro y eficiente; jugadores de la posición 1 juegan de frente para el cesto, organizan el juego colectivo, lo que también puede contribuir con acciones más seguras. Los jugadores de la posición 5 tuvieron el mayor Δ% entre IE e ΣIP, representando juego seguro y eficiente; jugadores con más edad actuaron en menor intensidad; y el juego de baloncesto se desarrolló (promedia) poco arriba de la FC del umbral de lactato.The aim of this study was to analyze indicators of technical actions (ITA) and intensity according to the players positions in six official matches of the Brazilian Basketball League. Ten elite basketball male players participated in this study (27.60±5.54years). The total frequency of matches’ indicators (ΣMI - sum of all matches indicators of each athlete included in the stats) and the efficiency ratio (ER) from matches’ official stats were the ITA considered. To check the intensity, athletes played with HR transmitter. Were produced descriptive measures; and the magnitude of difference (Δ%) between ΣMI and ER second player [Δ%=(1-(ER÷ΣMI))*100] was calculated. It was observed that when players were classified by Δ% they were automatically classified by their respective positions in 80% of cases. Players’ positions 4 and 5 work closer to the basket and perform the safest and most efficient team play; players’ position 1 plays facing to the basket, organizes the collective game, has the largest ball possession volume which can also enable a safer game. Players' position 5 had higher Δ% between ΣMI and ER, representing safer and efficient game; older players had lower intensity; and the basketball game was developed on average slightly above the lactate threshold HR.O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar os indicadores das ações técnicas (IAT) e da intensidade de acordo com as posições dos jogadores, em seis partidas oficiais da Liga Brasileira de Basquetebol. Participaram deste estudo 10 jogadores da elite do basquetebol (27,60±5,54 anos). A frequência total dos IAT da partida (ΣIJ – soma dos indicadores de jogo de cada atleta) e o índice de eficiência (IE), foram extraídos das estatísticas oficiais das partidas. Os atletas jogaram com transmissores de frequência cardíaca (FC) para determinação da intensidade. Foram produzidas medidas descritivas; e calculada a magnitude da diferença [Δ%=(1-(ΣIE÷IJ))*100]. Quando os jogadores foram classificados pela Δ%, classificaram-se automaticamente pelas respectivas posições, em 80% dos casos. Os principais resultados apontam: i) jogadores das posições 4 e 5, que jogam próximos à cesta realizam o jogo mais seguro e eficiente; ii) jogadores da posição 1, que jogam de frente para a cesta, organizam o jogo coletivo e apresentam maior posse de bola; iii) os jogadores da posição 5 tiveram o maior Δ% entre IE e ΣIJ; iv) jogadores com idade mais elevada atuaram em menor intensidade; e por fim, v) o jogo de basquetebol se desenvolve com FCmédia pouco acima da FC de limiar de lactato.peerReviewe

Clinical changes in cats submitted to experimental hyperthyroidism

A relação do hipertireoidismo experimental com parâmetros clínicos foi avaliada em gatos machos e fêmeas, intactos e mantidos em estado hipertireóideo por um período de 42 dias. Os parâmetros estudados foram consumo diário de água e ração, débito urinário, o volume fecal, peso corporal, temperatura corporal, coloração de membranas mucosas, palpação de linfonodos superficiais, palpação da glândula tireóide, pulso femoral, auscultação cardíaca e respiratória, freqüência cardíaca e respiratória e palpação abdominal. Correlacionou-se as variáveis com os níveis de T3 total, T4 livre e total. O excesso dos hormônios tireoidianos acompanhou aumento da freqüência cardíaca, polifagia, polidipsia, perda de peso e aumento do volume fecal nos gatos estudados.The interrelation between experimental hyperthyroidism andclinical changes was studied in adult intact cats kept under hyperthyroidic state for 42 days. Clinical aspects evaluated were dairy food and water intake, urine output and fecal volume, body weight, temperature, mucous membranes colour, palpable lymphnodes, thyroid gland palpation, abdominal palpation, and cardiac and respiratory frequencies. These characteristics were correlated with free and total T4 and total T3 serum concentrations. Excessive circulant thyroid hormone levels resulted in increased cardiac frequency, polyuria, polidipsia, weight loss and increased fecal volume in the studied cats

Suitability of pesticide risk indicators for less developed countries: a comparison

Pesticide risk indicators provide simple support in the assessment of environmental and health risks from pesticide use, and can therefore inform policies to foster a sustainable interaction of agriculture with the environment. For their relative simplicity, indicators may be particularly useful under conditions of limited data availability and resources, such as in Less Developed Countries (LDCs). However, indicator complexity can vary significantly, in particular between those that rely on an exposure–toxicity ratio (ETR) and those that do not. In addition, pesticide risk indicators are usually developed for Western contexts, which might cause incorrect estimation in LDCs. This study investigated the appropriateness of seven pesticide risk indicators for use in LDCs, with reference to smallholding agriculture in Colombia. Seven farm-level indicators, among which 3 relied on an ETR (POCER, EPRIP, PIRI) and 4 on a non-ETR approach (EIQ, PestScreen, OHRI, Dosemeci et al., 2002), were calculated and then compared by means of the Spearman rank correlation test. Indicators were also compared with respect to key indicator characteristics, i.e. user friendliness and ability to represent the system under study. The comparison of the indicators in terms of the total environmental risk suggests that the indicators not relying on an ETR approach cannot be used as a reliable proxy for more complex, i.e. ETR, indicators. ETR indicators, when user-friendly, show a comparative advantage over non-ETR in best combining the need for a relatively simple tool to be used in contexts of limited data availability and resources, and for a reliable estimation of environmental risk. Non-ETR indicators remain useful and accessible tools to discriminate between different pesticides prior to application. Concerning the human health risk, simple algorithms seem more appropriate for assessing human health risk in LDCs. However, further research on health risk indicators and their validation under LDC conditions is needed