Electrochemical Reactivation of AISI 409 Ferritic Stainless Steel Sheet Welded by Laser Process with application in aeronautical

The susceptibility to sensitization in 409 ferritic stainless steel (FSS) weldments was studied, by means of double loop electrochemical potentiokinetic reactivation test (DL-EPR). After the electrochemical test, the microstructure was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the presence of elements with dispersive energy of X-rays (EDS), with the X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique they were identified present phases in different welds. Microhardness profiles were employed to evaluate the mechanical properties. With the aim of analyze the effect on the degree of sensitization to welding processes and the base material, a methodological analysis of gas metal arc welding GMAW, gas tungsten arc welding GTAW and LASER welding process was performed. The LASER process generated the highest ratio between the reactivation (Ir) and activation (Ia) current, despite it caused less microstructural change. The higher ratio Ir/Ia is attributed to the lack of penetration in the butt join, showing crevice corrosion. Keywords: 409 Ferritic stainless steel, DL-EPR, GMAW, GTAW, LASER

Technological study of kaolinitic clays from Fms. Escucha and Utrillas to be used in dermo-pharmaceutical products

The present study aims to evaluate five clay samples from different pits in the Teruel province, Spain. While these clays are primarily utilized as raw materials in ceramics, their potential applications in pharmaceutical and cosmetic domains, notably in sun protection and thermal mud products, are under investigation. Characterization of these clays entailed X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, scanning electron microscopy, pH measurement, analysis of technological properties, rheological assessment, and thermal property evaluation. Furthermore, given the predominant composition of kaolin in most of the samples, their Sun Protection Factor (SPF) in suspensions and physical stability were assessed. The studied samples exhibited varied mineralogical compositions, primarily consisting of kaolinite (70% to 15%), quartz (75% to 5%), and illite (26% to 7%). The pH values of these dispersions closely matched the skin's pH, exhibiting anti-thixotropic behavior at 50% w/w and demonstrating suitable viscosity for skin application. Based on their composition and rheological properties, the samples exhibited potential for use as therapeutic thermal muds. Analyses of cooling kinetics were performed to validate this potential. Results showed that the dispersions systems attained temperatures between 33.89 ◦C and 34.62 ◦C within 20 min (the common application time for thermal muds) and reached 32 ◦C (skin temperature) in 24.3 to 26.22 min, confirming their appropriateness as therapeutic muds. The SPF values of the dispersions varied from 7.46 to 16.65, with the majority of samples showing significant stability during 45 h. Consequently, it can be inferred that most of the studied samples show advantageous characteristics for inclusion in topical formulations, especially in sun protection and thermal mud products

Goodbye Hartmann trial: a prospective, international, multicenter, observational study on the current use of a surgical procedure developed a century ago

Background: Literature suggests colonic resection and primary anastomosis (RPA) instead of Hartmann's procedure (HP) for the treatment of left-sided colonic emergencies. We aim to evaluate the surgical options globally used to treat patients with acute left-sided colonic emergencies and the factors that leading to the choice of treatment, comparing HP and RPA. Methods: This is a prospective, international, multicenter, observational study registered on ClinicalTrials.gov. A total 1215 patients with left-sided colonic emergencies who required surgery were included from 204 centers during the period of March 1, 2020, to May 31, 2020. with a 1-year follow-up. Results: 564 patients (43.1%) were females. The mean age was 65.9 ± 15.6 years. HP was performed in 697 (57.3%) patients and RPA in 384 (31.6%) cases. Complicated acute diverticulitis was the most common cause of left-sided colonic emergencies (40.2%), followed by colorectal malignancy (36.6%). Severe complications (Clavien-Dindo ≥ 3b) were higher in the HP group (P < 0.001). 30-day mortality was higher in HP patients (13.7%), especially in case of bowel perforation and diffused peritonitis. 1-year follow-up showed no differences on ostomy reversal rate between HP and RPA. (P = 0.127). A backward likelihood logistic regression model showed that RPA was preferred in younger patients, having low ASA score (≤ 3), in case of large bowel obstruction, absence of colonic ischemia, longer time from admission to surgery, operating early at the day working hours, by a surgeon who performed more than 50 colorectal resections. Conclusions: After 100 years since the first Hartmann's procedure, HP remains the most common treatment for left-sided colorectal emergencies. Treatment's choice depends on patient characteristics, the time of surgery and the experience of the surgeon. RPA should be considered as the gold standard for surgery, with HP being an exception

Infected pancreatic necrosis: outcomes and clinical predictors of mortality. A post hoc analysis of the MANCTRA-1 international study

: The identification of high-risk patients in the early stages of infected pancreatic necrosis (IPN) is critical, because it could help the clinicians to adopt more effective management strategies. We conducted a post hoc analysis of the MANCTRA-1 international study to assess the association between clinical risk factors and mortality among adult patients with IPN. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify prognostic factors of mortality. We identified 247 consecutive patients with IPN hospitalised between January 2019 and December 2020. History of uncontrolled arterial hypertension (p = 0.032; 95% CI 1.135-15.882; aOR 4.245), qSOFA (p = 0.005; 95% CI 1.359-5.879; aOR 2.828), renal failure (p = 0.022; 95% CI 1.138-5.442; aOR 2.489), and haemodynamic failure (p = 0.018; 95% CI 1.184-5.978; aOR 2.661), were identified as independent predictors of mortality in IPN patients. Cholangitis (p = 0.003; 95% CI 1.598-9.930; aOR 3.983), abdominal compartment syndrome (p = 0.032; 95% CI 1.090-6.967; aOR 2.735), and gastrointestinal/intra-abdominal bleeding (p = 0.009; 95% CI 1.286-5.712; aOR 2.710) were independently associated with the risk of mortality. Upfront open surgical necrosectomy was strongly associated with the risk of mortality (p < 0.001; 95% CI 1.912-7.442; aOR 3.772), whereas endoscopic drainage of pancreatic necrosis (p = 0.018; 95% CI 0.138-0.834; aOR 0.339) and enteral nutrition (p = 0.003; 95% CI 0.143-0.716; aOR 0.320) were found as protective factors. Organ failure, acute cholangitis, and upfront open surgical necrosectomy were the most significant predictors of mortality. Our study confirmed that, even in a subgroup of particularly ill patients such as those with IPN, upfront open surgery should be avoided as much as possible. Study protocol registered in ClinicalTrials.Gov (I.D. Number NCT04747990)

Measurement of the CKM angle γ using the B± → D*h± channels

A measurement of the CP-violating observables from B± → D*K± and B± → D*π± decays is presented, where D*(D) is an admixture of D*0 and D¯∗0 (D0 and D¯0) states and is reconstructed through the decay chains D*→ Dπ0/γ and D→KS0π+π−/KS0K+K−. The measurement is performed by analysing the signal yield variation across the D decay phase space and is independent of any amplitude model. The data sample used was collected by the LHCb experiment in proton-proton collisions and corresponds to a total integrated luminosity of 9 fb−1 at centre-of-mass energies of 7, 8 and 13 TeV. The CKM angle γ is determined to be 69−14+13∘ using the measured CP-violating observables. The hadronic parameters rBD∗K±, rBD∗π±, δBD∗K±, δBD∗π±, which are the ratios and strong phase differences between favoured and suppressed B± decays, are also reported

Amplitude analysis of the Λ0b→pK−γ decay

The resonant structure of the radiative decay Λ0b→pK−γ in the region of proton-kaon invariant-mass up to 2.5 GeV/c2 is studied using proton-proton collision data recorded at centre-of-mass energies of 7, 8, and 13 TeV collected with the LHCb detector, corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 9 fb−1. Results are given in terms of fit and interference fractions between the different components contributing to this final state. Only Λ resonances decaying to pK− are found to be relevant, where the largest contributions stem from the Λ(1520), Λ(1600), Λ(1800), and Λ(1890) states

Determination of short- and long-distance contributions in B0→K*0μ+μ− decays

An amplitude analysis of the B 0 → K * 0 μ + μ − decay is presented. The analysis is based on data collected by the LHCb experiment from proton-proton collisions at √ s = 7 , 8 and 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.7     fb − 1 . For the first time, Wilson coefficients and nonlocal hadronic contributions are accessed directly from the unbinned data, where the latter are parametrized as a function of q 2 with a polynomial expansion. Wilson coefficients and nonlocal hadronic parameters are determined under two alternative hypotheses: the first relies on experimental information alone, while the second one includes information from theoretical predictions for the nonlocal contributions. Both models obtain similar results for the parameters of interest. The overall level of compatibility with the Standard Model is evaluated to be between 1.8 and 1.9 standard deviations when looking at the C 9 Wilson coefficient alone, and between 1.3 and 1.4 standard deviations when considering the full set of C 9 , C 10 , C ′ 9 and C ′ 10 Wilson coefficients. The ranges reflect the theoretical assumptions made in the analysis

Search for CP violation in the phase space of D0 → KS0K±π∓ decays with the energy test

A search for CP violation in D0 → KS0K+π− and D0 → KS0K−π+ decays is reported. The search is performed using an unbinned model-independent method known as the energy test that probes local CP violation in the phase space of the decays. The data analysed correspond to an integrated luminosity of 5.4 fb−1 collected in proton-proton collisions by the LHCb experiment at a centre-of-mass energy of √s = 13 TeV, amounting to approximately 950 thousand and 620 thousand signal candidates for the D0 → KS0K−π+ and D0 → KS0K+π− modes, respectively. The method is validated using D0 → K−π+π−π+ and D0 → KS0π+π− decays, where CP-violating effects are expected to be negligible, and using background-enhanced regions of the signal decays. The results are consistent with CP symmetry in both the D0 → KS0K−π+ and the D0 → KS0K+π− decays, with p-values for the hypothesis of no CP violation of 70% and 66%, respectively

Prompt and nonprompt ψ (2S) production in pPb collisions at √sNN = 8. 16 TeV

The production of ψ(2S) mesons in proton-lead collisions at a centre-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of √sNN = 8.16 TeV is studied with the LHCb detector using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 34 nb−1. The prompt and nonprompt ψ(2S) production cross-sections and the ratio of the ψ(2S) to J/ψ cross-section are measured as a function of the meson transverse momentum and rapidity in the nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass frame, together with forward-to-backward ratios and nuclear modification factors. The production of prompt ψ(2S) is observed to be more suppressed compared to pp collisions than the prompt J/ψ production, while the nonprompt productions have similar suppression factors

Multiplicity dependence of σψ(2S) /σJ/ψ in pp collisions at √s = 13 TeV

The ratio of production cross-sections of ψ(2S) over J/ψ mesons as a function of charged-particle multiplicity in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy √s = 13 TeV is measured with a data sample collected by the LHCb detector, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 658 pb−1. The ratio is measured for both prompt and non-prompt ψ(2S) and J/ψ mesons. When there is an overlap between the rapidity ranges over which multiplicity and charmonia production are measured, a multiplicity-dependent modification of the ratio is observed for prompt mesons. No significant multiplicity dependence is found when the ranges do not overlap. For non-prompt production, the ψ(2S)-to-J/ψ production ratio is roughly independent of multiplicity, irrespective of the rapidity range over which the multiplicity is measured. The results are compared to predictions of the co-mover model and agree well except in the low multiplicity region. The ratio of production cross-sections of ψ(2S) over J/ψ mesons are cross-checked with other measurements in di-lepton channels and found to be compatible