Debt financing and growth of Ghanaian family-owned businesses:the dual role of family values

This study investigates how family values can create finance and growth challenges for family-owned businesses in emerging economies. Specifically, it explores the interplay between family values, debt financing, and firm growth, while also considering the moderating role of self-enhancement and self-transcendence in this relationship. The paper uses Schwartz’s theory of human values to illustrate how incorporating indigenous ontologies based on Ubuntu can lead to sustainable growth in family businesses in Ghana and the African continent. A sample of 295 Small and Medium-sized family businesses in Accra, Ghana, was selected using purposive sampling, and multiple regression modeling was used to test the study’s hypotheses. The study employed Cronbach’s alpha and factor analysis to assess the reliability, validity, and variations between observed and correlated variables. The results suggest that family businesses with conservation, openness-to-change, and self-enhancement values may not be inclined to utilize debt financing, and conservation values have a negative effect on family business growth. The study also found that self-enhancement, conservation, and self-transcendence values positively moderated the relationship between debt financing and family business growth, with self-transcendence values playing a more significant role. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the complex relationship among family values, debt finance, and business growth in emerging economies, and lay a foundation for future research

Debt financing and growth of Ghanaian family-owned businesses:the dual role of family values

This study investigates how family values can create finance and growth challenges for family-owned businesses in emerging economies. Specifically, it explores the interplay between family values, debt financing, and firm growth, while also considering the moderating role of self-enhancement and self-transcendence in this relationship. The paper uses Schwartz’s theory of human values to illustrate how incorporating indigenous ontologies based on Ubuntu can lead to sustainable growth in family businesses in Ghana and the African continent. A sample of 295 Small and Medium-sized family businesses in Accra, Ghana, was selected using purposive sampling, and multiple regression modeling was used to test the study’s hypotheses. The study employed Cronbach’s alpha and factor analysis to assess the reliability, validity, and variations between observed and correlated variables. The results suggest that family businesses with conservation, openness-to-change, and self-enhancement values may not be inclined to utilize debt financing, and conservation values have a negative effect on family business growth. The study also found that self-enhancement, conservation, and self-transcendence values positively moderated the relationship between debt financing and family business growth, with self-transcendence values playing a more significant role. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the complex relationship among family values, debt finance, and business growth in emerging economies, and lay a foundation for future research

Health risk assessment and source identification of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in commercially available singed cowhide within the Greater Accra Region, Ghana

This study ascertains the sources and potential carcinogenic threats of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in singed cowhide. The objective was to assess the sources of PAHs and the health threats singed cowhide possess to the consuming public. A total of fifty-four (54) cowhide samples from selected markets within the Greater-Accra Region of Ghana were analyzed using Agilent GC 6890N, MS5975B Series gas chromatography in a splitless mode. The study shows that, singed cowhide within the Greater Accra Region is dominated by positive genotoxicity PAHs classified as carcinogens (1) and possible carcinogens (2B) as well as positive and questionable genotoxic PAHs that are not classifiable (3). The [B(a)P]eq and PEC results suggest that consumption of singed cowhide at the rate of 25.2 g/day poses potential adverse health effects such as cancer, mutations and birth defects in terms of B(a)P to humans. Results further show that, the HQ/HI < 1, thus, there is no concern for potential human health risks caused by exposure to non-carcinogenic PAHs in singed cowhide. However, the carcinogenic toxic equivalent (TEQs) values for both adults and children were greater than the screening values and therefore, there is concern for potential human health risks caused by exposure to carcinogenic PAHs in singed cowhide. Source assessment of PAHs in singed cowhide shows that, PAH sources in singed cowhide is predominantly from pyrolitic rather than petrogenic origins. Thus, the PAHs in singed cowhide within the Greater Accra Region originate primarily from incomplete combustion and of petroleum origin due to singeing.&nbsp

ARTEMISIA ANNUA: SELECTION FOR HIGH ARTEMISININ YIELDING LINES FOR PRODUCTION IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA

Malaria continues to be a major infectious disease facing those living in tropical regions of the world. Use of artemisinin-combination treatments (ACT) as the first line treatment for multi-drug resistant falciparum malaria relies on derivatives of artemisinin, a natural product from Artemisia annua. Major commercial production regions include China, Vietnam and East Africa (Tanzania/Kenya). While several challenges face new producing regions, our work focuses on developing high yielding lines for sub-Sahara Africa for co-development with source countries. Our germplasm grown in several African countries appears to be non-photoperiodic, high yielding with artemisinin >1.% dry leaf wt. The parent populations from which the selections and progeny were derived came originally from UNICAMP. Highest yielding SPS were vegetatively cloned, and further selections made in the USA and Africa. Field trials established in Ghana, Madagascar, Senegal and South Africa identified lines adaptable to local conditions. Results showed that selection and testing for artemisinin in one location held relatively stable when the plants were evaluated in other regions. Generally, lines with the highest artemisinin remained high across the countries evaluated. Greatest environment impact was observed on biomass accumulation. Further selections conducted in Africa led to improvements in plant growth form, with some reaching heights of 2 m. Advanced lines field grown in sub-Sahara Africa contained artemisinin concentrations >1.0% reaching as high as 1.7% (dry leaf wt) and appear promising for varietal co-development in Africa. No problems relative to collecting viable seeds were observed in any country, stability of seed progeny remain to be tested

Reconstructing the indigenous in African management research: implications for international management studies in a globalized world

The primary aim of this article is to help lay the foundations for mainstreaming indigenous research within international and cross-cultural management studies, taking sub-Saharan Africa as the primary and initial focus, and using the informal economy as an example. It sets out to critically examine the concept of indigenous, looking at how concepts and scholarship have been shaped by global dynamics, and the implications for developing empirical research. It then discusses a research agenda and methods for undertaking indigenous management research, going on to discuss the importance of this to the further development of international and cross-cultural management within a global and changing context. Its contribution to scholarship is a more systematic re-examining of the concepts of indigenousness and indigenous knowledge and what these concepts mean to undertaking management research that more thoroughly reflect global realities, while evaluating indigenous research methods that could be used effectively and appropriately in this endeavour