Natural Language Processing approach to NLP Meta model automation

Neuro Linguistic Programming (NLP) is one of the most utilised approaches for personality development and Meta model is one of the most important techniques in this process. Usually, when one speaks about a problem or a situation, the words that one chooses will delete, distort or generalize portions of their experience. Meta model, which is a set of specific questions or language patterns, can be used to understand and recover the information hidden behind the words used. This technique can be adopted to understand other people’s problems or enable them to understand their own issues better. Applying the Meta Model, however, requires a great level of skill and experience for correct identification of deletion, distortion and generalization. Using the appropriate recovery questions is challenging for NLP practitioners and Psychologists. Moreover, the efficiency and accuracy of existing methods on the Meta model can potentially be hindered by human errors such as personal judgment or lack of experience and skill. This research aims to automate the process of using the Meta Model in conversation in order to eliminate human errors, thereby increasing the efficiency and accuracy of this method. An intelligent software has been developed using Natural Language Processing, with the ability to apply the Meta model techniques during conversation with its user. Comparisons of this software with performance of an established NLP practitioner have shown increased accuracy in identification of the deletion and generalization processes. Recovery of information has also been more efficient in the software in comparison to an NLP practitioner

On the Initial Stages of the Densification and Lithification of Sediments

Peer reviewedPostprin

VLBA imaging of the 3mm SiO maser emission in the disk-wind from the massive protostellar system Orion Source I

We present the first images of the 28SiO v=1, J=2-1 maser emission around the closest known massive young stellar object Orion Source I observed at 86 GHz (3mm) with the VLBA. These images have high spatial (~0.3 mas) and spectral (~0.054 km/s) resolutions. We find that the 3mm masers lie in an X-shaped locus consisting of four arms, with blue-shifted emission in the south and east arms and red-shifted emission in the north and west arms. Comparisons with previous images of the 28SiO v=1,2, J=1-0 transitions at 7mm (observed in 2001-2002) show that the bulk of the J=2-1 transition emission follows the streamlines of the J=1-0 emission and exhibits an overall velocity gradient consistent with the gradient at 7mm. While there is spatial overlap between the 3mm and 7mm transitions, the 3mm emission, on average, lies at larger projected distances from Source I (~44 AU compared with ~35 AU for 7mm). The spatial overlap between the v=1, J=1-0 and J=2-1 transitions is suggestive of a range of temperatures and densities where physical conditions are favorable for both transitions of a same vibrational state. However, the observed spatial offset between the bulk of emission at 3mm and 7mm possibly indicates different ranges of temperatures and densities for optimal excitation of the masers. We discuss different maser pumping models that may explain the observed offset. We interpret the 3mm and 7mm masers as being part of a single wide-angle outflow arising from the surface of an edge-on disk rotating about a northeast-southwest axis, with a continuous velocity gradient indicative of differential rotation consistent with a Keplerian profile in a high-mass proto-binary.Comment: 11 pages, 12 figures; accepted for publication in A&

DE 1 RIMS operational characteristics

The Retarding Ion Mass Spectrometer (RIMS) on the Dynamics Explorer 1 spacecraft observes both the thermal and superthermal (50 eV) ions of the ionosphere and inner magnetosphere. It is capable of measuring the detailed species distribution function of these ions in many cases. It was equipped with an integral electrometer to permit in-flight calibration of the detector sensitivities and variations thereof. A guide to understanding the RIMS data set is given. The reduction process from count rates to physical quantities is discussed in some detail. The procedure used to establish in-flight calibration is described, and results of a comparison with densities from plasma wave measurements are provided. Finally, a discussion is provided of various anomalies in the data set, including changes of channeltron efficiency with time, spin modulation of the axial sensor heads, apparent potential differences between the sensor heads, and failures of the radial head retarding potential sweep and of the -Z axial head aperture plane bias. Studies of the RIMS data set should be conducted only with a thorough awareness of the material presented here, or in collaboration with one of the scientists actively involved with RIMS data analysis

Entropy and density of states from isoenergetic nonequilibrium processes

Two identities in statistical mechanics involving entropy differences (or ratios of density of states) at constant energy are derived. The first provides a nontrivial extension of the Jarzynski equality to the microcanonical ensemble [C. Jarzynski, Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 2690 (1997)], which can be seen as a ``fast-switching'' version of the adiabatic switching method for computing entropies [M. Watanabe, W. P. Reinhardt, Phys. Rev. Lett. 65, 3301 (1990)]. The second is a thermodynamic integration formula analogous to a well-known expression for free energies, and follows after taking the quasistatic limit of the first. Both identities can be conveniently used in conjunction with a scaling relation (herein derived) that allows one to extrapolate measurements taken at a single energy to a wide range of energy values. Practical aspects of these identities in the context of numerical simulations are discussed.Comment: 5 pages, no figure

Effects of tunnelling and asymmetry for system-bath models of electron transfer

We apply the newly derived nonadiabatic golden-rule instanton theory to asymmetric models describing electron-transfer in solution. The models go beyond the usual spin-boson description and have anharmonic free-energy surfaces with different values for the reactant and product reorganization energies. The instanton method gives an excellent description of the behaviour of the rate constant with respect to asymmetry for the whole range studied. We derive a general formula for an asymmetric version of Marcus theory based on the classical limit of the instanton and find that this gives significant corrections to the standard Marcus theory. A scheme is given to compute this rate based only on equilibrium simulations. We also compare the rate constants obtained by the instanton method with its classical limit to study the effect of tunnelling and other quantum nuclear effects. These quantum effects can increase the rate constant by orders of magnitude.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figure

High-Purity Oxygen Production Using Mixed Ionic-Electronic Conducting Sorbents

This project evaluates the potential of new, mixed ionic-electronic conducting (MIEC) materials in the production of high-purity oxygen. Analyzing today’s proven MIEC properties, we design an optimized process for the production of oxygen at 30 metric tons/day. This report includes a detailed model of MIECs performance in a vacuum swing adsorption system. A sensitivity analysis is also included, which is used to optimize the operating conditions and other design variables. Based on an oxygen selling price of $40 per ton, the realized process would operate at a loss in today’s economy. The total capital investment of the plant is$1.1 million and the expected NPV of the project is a loss of $87,000. The estimated IRR of the project is -28.08$56.70

Laser-induced ultrafast electron emission from a field emission tip

We show that a field emission tip electron source that is triggered with a femtosecond laser pulse can generate electron pulses shorter than the laser pulse duration (~100 fs). The emission process is sensitive to a power law of the laser intensity, which supports an emission mechanism based on multiphoton absorption followed by over-the-barrier emission. Observed continuous transitions between power laws of different orders are indicative of field emission processes. We show that the source can also be operated so that thermionic emission processes become significant. Understanding these different emission processes is relevant for the production of sub-cycle electron pulses

Disaggregation of spatial rainfall fields for hydrological modelling

International audienceMeteorological models generate fields of precipitation and other climatological variables as spatial averages at the scale of the grid used for numerical solution. The grid-scale can be large, particularly for GCMs, and disaggregation is required, for example to generate appropriate spatial-temporal properties of rainfall for coupling with surface-boundary conditions or more general hydrological applications. A method is presented here which considers the generation of the wet areas and the simulation of rainfall intensities separately. For the first task, a nearest-neighbour Markov scheme, based upon a Bayesian technique used in image processing, is implemented so as to preserve the structural features of the observed rainfall. Essentially, the large-scale field and the previously disaggregated field are used as evidence in an iterative procedure which aims at selecting a realisation according to the joint posterior probability distribution. In the second task the morphological characteristics of the field of rainfall intensities are reproduced through a random sampling of intensities according to a beta distribution and their allocation to pixels chosen so that the higher intensities are more likely to be further from the dry areas. The components of the scheme are assessed for Arkansas-Red River basin radar rainfall (hourly averages) by disaggregating from 40 km x 40 km to 8 km x 8 km. The wet/dry scheme provides a good reproduction both of the number of correctly classified pixels and the coverage, while the intensitiy scheme generates fields with an adequate variance within the grid-squares, so that this scheme provides the hydrologist with a useful tool for the downscaling of meteorological model outputs. Keywords: Rainfall, disaggregation, General Circulation Model, Bayesian analysi