Space time transformation acoustics

A recently proposed analogue transformation method has allowed the extension of transformation acoustics to general space-time transformations. We analyze here in detail the differences between this new analogue transformation acoustics (ATA) method and the standard one (STA). We show explicitly that STA is not suitable for transformations that mix space and time. ATA takes as starting point the acoustic equation for the velocity potential, instead of that for the pressure as in STA. This velocity-potential equation by itself already allows for some transformations mixing space and time, but not all of them. We explicitly obtain the entire set of transformations that leave its form invariant. It is for the rest of transformations that ATA shows its true potential, allowing for building a transformation acoustics method that enables the full range of space-time transformations. We provide an example of an important transformation which cannot be achieved with STA. Using this transformation, we design and simulate an acoustic frequency converter via the ATA approach. Furthermore, in those cases in which one can apply both the STA and ATA approaches, we study the different transformational properties of the corresponding physical quantities.This work was developed under the framework of the ARIADNA contracts 4000104572/11/NL/KML and 4000104572/12/NL/KML of the European Space Agency. C.G.-M., J.S.-D., and A.M. also acknowledge support from Consolider EMET project (CSD2008-00066), A.M. from project TEC2011-28664-C02-02, C.B. and GJ. from the project FIS2008-06078-C03-01, and J.S.-D. from the Office of Naval Research (Grant No. N00014-12-1-0216).García Meca, C.; Carloni, S.; Barceló, C.; Jannes, G.; Sánchez-Dehesa Moreno-Cid, J.; Martínez Abietar, AJ. (2014). Space time transformation acoustics. Wave Motion. 51(5):785-797. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wavemoti.2014.01.008S78579751

Diffusive-light invisibility cloak for transient illumination

Invisibility in a diffusive-light-scattering medium has been recently demonstrated by employing a scattering-cancellation core-shell cloak. Unlike nondiffusive cloaks, such a device can be simultaneously macroscopic, broadband, passive, polarization independent, and omnidirectional. Unfortunately, it has been verified that this cloak, as well as more sophisticated ones based on transformation optics, fail under pulsed illumination, invalidating their use for a variety of applications. Here, we introduce a different approach based on unimodular transformations that enables the construction of unidirectional diffusive-light cloaks exhibiting a perfect invisibility effect, even under transient conditions. Moreover, we demonstrate that a polygonal cloak can extend this functionality to multiple directions with a nearly ideal behavior, while preserving all other features. We propose and numerically verify a simple cloak realization based on a layered stack of two isotropic materials. The studied devices have several applications not addressable by any of the other cloaks proposed to date, including shielding from pulse-based detection techniques, cloaking undesired scattering elements in time-of-flight imaging or high-speed communication systems for diffusive environments, and building extreme optical security features. The discussed cloaking strategy could also be applied to simplify the implementation of thermal cloaks.This work was supported in part by the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad under Contracts No. TEC2014-51902-C2-1-R and No. TEC2014- 51902-C2-2-R. B.O. is sponsored by the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad under Grant No. FPI BES-2012-054909. M.B. is sponsored by the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad via Grant No. RYC-2011-08221. C.G.-M. acknowledges support from Generalitat Valenciana through the VALi+d postdoctoral program (Grant No. APOSTD/2014/044).Orazbayev, B.; Beruete, M.; Martínez Abietar, AJ.; García Meca, C. (2016). Diffusive-light invisibility cloak for transient illumination. Physical Review A. 94(6):063850-1-063850-7. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.94.063850S063850-1063850-794

Dynamically tunable transformation thermodynamics

Recently, the introduction of transformation thermodynamics has provided a way to design thermal media that alter the flow of heat according to any spatial deformation, enabling the construction of novel devices such as thermal cloaks or concentrators. However, in its current version, this technique only allows static deformations of space. Here, we develop a space-time theory of transformation thermodynamics that incorporates the possibility of performing time-varying deformations. This extra freedom greatly widens the range of achievable effects, providing an additional degree of control for heat management applications. As an example, we design a reconfigurable thermal cloak that can be opened and closed dynamically, therefore being able to gradually adjust the temperature distribution of a given region.C G-M acknowledges support from Generalitat Valenciana through the VALi+d postdoctoral program (exp APOSTD/2014/044).García Meca, C.; Barceló, C. (2016). Dynamically tunable transformation thermodynamics. Journal of Optics. 18(4):044026-1-044026-5. https://doi.org/10.1088/2040-8978/18/4/044026S044026-1044026-5184Guenneau, S., Amra, C., & Veynante, D. (2012). Transformation thermodynamics: cloaking and concentrating heat flux. Optics Express, 20(7), 8207. doi:10.1364/oe.20.008207Schittny, R., Kadic, M., Guenneau, S., & Wegener, M. (2013). Experiments on Transformation Thermodynamics: Molding the Flow of Heat. Physical Review Letters, 110(19). doi:10.1103/physrevlett.110.195901McCall, M. W., Favaro, A., Kinsler, P., & Boardman, A. (2011). A spacetime cloak, or a history editor. Journal of Optics, 13(2), 029501-029501. doi:10.1088/2040-8978/13/2/029501Cummer, S. A., & Thompson, R. T. (2010). Frequency conversion by exploiting time in transformation optics. Journal of Optics, 13(2), 024007. doi:10.1088/2040-8978/13/2/024007García-Meca, C., Carloni, S., Barceló, C., Jannes, G., Sánchez-Dehesa, J., & Martínez, A. (2013). Analogue Transformations in Physics and their Application to Acoustics. Scientific Reports, 3(1). doi:10.1038/srep02009García-Meca, C., Carloni, S., Barceló, C., Jannes, G., Sánchez-Dehesa, J., & Martínez, A. (2014). Space–time transformation acoustics. Wave Motion, 51(5), 785-797. doi:10.1016/j.wavemoti.2014.01.008Kinsler, P., & McCall, M. W. (2014). Transformation devices: Event carpets in space and space-time. Physical Review A, 89(6). doi:10.1103/physreva.89.063818Kinsler, P., & McCall, M. W. (2013). Cloaks, editors, and bubbles: applications of spacetime transformation theory. Annalen der Physik, 526(1-2), 51-62. doi:10.1002/andp.201300164Leonhardt, U., & Philbin, T. G. (2006). General relativity in electrical engineering. New Journal of Physics, 8(10), 247-247. doi:10.1088/1367-2630/8/10/247Guenneau, S., & Puvirajesinghe, T. M. (2013). Fick’s second law transformed: one path to cloaking in mass diffusion. Journal of The Royal Society Interface, 10(83), 20130106. doi:10.1098/rsif.2013.0106Guenneau, S., Petiteau, D., Zerrad, M., Amra, C., & Puvirajesinghe, T. (2015). Transformed Fourier and Fick equations for the control of heat and mass diffusion. AIP Advances, 5(5), 053404. doi:10.1063/1.4917492García-Meca, C., Carloni, S., Barceló, C., Jannes, G., Sánchez-Dehesa, J., & Martínez, A. (2014). Analogue transformation acoustics and the compression of spacetime. Photonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications, 12(4), 312-318. doi:10.1016/j.photonics.2014.05.001Schittny, R., Kadic, M., Buckmann, T., & Wegener, M. (2014). Invisibility cloaking in a diffusive light scattering medium. Science, 345(6195), 427-429. doi:10.1126/science.1254524Chester, M. (1963). Second Sound in Solids. Physical Review, 131(5), 2013-2015. doi:10.1103/physrev.131.2013Ali, Y. M., & Zhang, L. C. (2005). Relativistic heat conduction. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 48(12), 2397-2406. doi:10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2005.02.003López Molina, J. A., Rivera, M. J., & Berjano, E. (2014). Fourier, hyperbolic and relativistic heat transfer equations: a comparative analytical study. Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 470(2172), 20140547. doi:10.1098/rspa.2014.0547Christov, C. I., & Jordan, P. M. (2005). Heat Conduction Paradox Involving Second-Sound Propagation in Moving Media. Physical Review Letters, 94(15). doi:10.1103/physrevlett.94.154301Cho, J., Losego, M. D., Zhang, H. G., Kim, H., Zuo, J., Petrov, I., … Braun, P. V. (2014). Electrochemically tunable thermal conductivity of lithium cobalt oxide. Nature Communications, 5(1). doi:10.1038/ncomms5035Ihlefeld, J. F., Foley, B. M., Scrymgeour, D. A., Michael, J. R., McKenzie, B. B., Medlin, D. L., … Hopkins, P. E. (2015). Room-Temperature Voltage Tunable Phonon Thermal Conductivity via Reconfigurable Interfaces in Ferroelectric Thin Films. Nano Letters, 15(3), 1791-1795. doi:10.1021/nl504505

Exciting surface plasmons with transformation media

The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11468-012-9361-5We present a way of exciting surface plasmon polaritons along non-patterned metallic surfaces by means of a flat squeezing slab designed with transformation optics. The slab changes the dispersion relation of incident light, enabling evanescent coupling to propagating surface plasmons. Unlike prism couplers, the proposed device does not introduce reflections at its input interface. Moreover, its compact geometry is suitable for integration. A feasible dielectric implementation of the coupler is suggested. Finally, we show that the angular response of the device can be engineered by using a non-uniform compression factor. As an example, we design a coupler with a half-power angular bandwidth 2. 5 times higher than that of a conventional dielectric coupler. © 2012 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.Financial support by Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (contracts CSD2008-00066 and TEC2008-06871-C02, and FPU grant) is gratefully acknowledged.García Meca, C.; Ortuño Molinero, R.; Martí Sendra, J.; Martínez Abietar, AJ. (2012). Exciting surface plasmons with transformation media. Plasmonics. 7(4):701-707. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11468-012-9361-5S70170774Raether H (1988) Surface plasmons on smooth and rough surfaces and on gratings. Springer-Verlag, BerlinBarnes WL, Dereux A, Ebbesen TW (2003) Surface plasmon subwavelength optics. Nature 424:824–830Maier SA (2007) Plasmonics: fundamentals and applications. Springer, New YorkSchuller JA, Barnard ES, Cai W, Jun YC, White JS, Brongersma ML (2010) Plasmonics for extreme light concentration and manipulation. Nat Mater 9:193–204Brongersma ML, Shalaev VM (2010) The case for plasmonics. Science 328:440–441Liu Y, Zentgraf T, Bartal G, Zhang X (2010) Transformational plasmon optics. Nano Lett 10:1991–1997Huidobro PA, Nesterov ML, Martín-Moreno L, García-Vidal FJ (2010) Transformation optics for plasmonics. Nano Lett 10:1985–1990Kadic M, Guenneau S, Enoch S (2010) Transformational plasmonics: cloak, concentrator and rotator for SPPs. Opt Express 18:12027–12032Zhang J, Xiao S, Wubs M, Mortensen NA (2011) Surface plasmon wave adapter designed with transformation optics. ACS Nano 5:4359–4364Pendry JB, Schurig D, Smith DR (2006) Controlling electromagnetic fields. Science 312:1780–1782Leonhardt U (2006) Optical conformal mapping. Science 312:1777–1780Leonhardt U, Philbin TG (2006) General relativity in electrical engineering. New J Phys 8:247Sambles JR, Bradbery GW, Yang F (1991) Optical excitation of surface plasmons: an introduction. Contemp Phys 32:173–183Rahm M, Roberts DA, Pendry JB, Smith DR (2008) Transformation-optical design of adaptive beam bends and beam expanders. Opt Express 16:11555–11567Vasic B, Isic G, Gajic R, Hingerl K (2009) Coordinate transformation based design of confined metamaterial structures. Phys Rev B 79:85103Tichit P, Burokur SN, Lustrac A (2009) Waveguide taper engineering using coordinate transformation technology. Opt Express 18:767–772Zang X, Jiang C (2010) Manipulating the field distribution via optical transformation. Opt Express 18:10168–10176García-Meca C, Tung MM, Galán JV, Ortuño R, Rodríguez-Fortuño FJ, Martí J, Martínez A (2011) Squeezing and expanding light without reflections via transformation optics. Opt Express 19:3562–3575Li J, Han S, Zhang S, Bartal G, Zhang X (2009) Designing the Fourier space with transformation optics. Opt Lett 34:3128–3130Li J, Pendry JB (2008) Hiding under the carpet: a new strategy for cloaking. Phys Rev Lett 101:20390

Multiple extraordinary optical transmission peaks from evanescent coupling in perforated metal plates surrounded by dielectrics

© 2010 Optical Society of America. One print or electronic copy may be made for personal use only. Systematic reproduction and distribution, duplication of any material in this paper for a fee or for commercial purposes, or modifications of the content of this paper are prohibitedWe study numerically and theoretically the optical transmission of nanostructured gold films embedded in dielectric claddings. We show how multiple transmission peaks appear as the claddings thickness increases. These transmission peaks come not only from surface plasmon polariton excitations but also from the excitation of Fabry-Perot modes sustained at the claddings, coupled through the metal, as long as a periodic pattern is milled in the metal film. We propose that this structure could be used as an ultracompact all-optical switch by surrounding the metal film with Kerr nonlinear dielectric layers. (C) 2010 Optical Society of AmericaWe thank the FCT (Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia) for funding of this research through the projects SFRH/BD/8278/2002 and PTDC/FIS/68419/2006.Ortuño Molinero, R.; García Meca, C.; Rodríguez Fortuño, FJ.; Martí Sendra, J.; Martínez Abietar, AJ. (2010). Multiple extraordinary optical transmission peaks from evanescent coupling in perforated metal plates surrounded by dielectrics. Optics Express. 18(8):7893-7898. https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.18.007893S78937898188Dragila, R., Luther-Davies, B., & Vukovic, S. (1985). High Transparency of Classically Opaque Metallic Films. Physical Review Letters, 55(10), 1117-1120. doi:10.1103/physrevlett.55.1117Ebbesen, T. W., Lezec, H. J., Ghaemi, H. F., Thio, T., & Wolff, P. A. (1998). Extraordinary optical transmission through sub-wavelength hole arrays. Nature, 391(6668), 667-669. doi:10.1038/35570Koerkamp, K. J. K., Enoch, S., Segerink, F. B., van Hulst, N. F., & Kuipers, L. (2004). Strong Influence of Hole Shape on Extraordinary Transmission through Periodic Arrays of Subwavelength Holes. Physical Review Letters, 92(18). doi:10.1103/physrevlett.92.183901Takakura, Y. (2001). Optical Resonance in a Narrow Slit in a Thick Metallic Screen. Physical Review Letters, 86(24), 5601-5603. doi:10.1103/physrevlett.86.5601Zhou, L., Wen, W., Chan, C. T., & Sheng, P. (2005). Electromagnetic-Wave Tunneling Through Negative-Permittivity Media with High Magnetic Fields. Physical Review Letters, 94(24). doi:10.1103/physrevlett.94.243905Lomakin, V., & Michielssen, E. (2005). Enhanced transmission through metallic plates perforated by arrays of subwavelength holes and sandwiched between dielectric slabs. Physical Review B, 71(23). doi:10.1103/physrevb.71.235117Rakić, A. D., Djurišić, A. B., Elazar, J. M., & Majewski, M. L. (1998). Optical properties of metallic films for vertical-cavity optoelectronic devices. Applied Optics, 37(22), 5271. doi:10.1364/ao.37.005271Genet, C., & Ebbesen, T. W. (2007). Light in tiny holes. Nature, 445(7123), 39-46. doi:10.1038/nature05350Ghaemi, H. F., Thio, T., Grupp, D. E., Ebbesen, T. W., & Lezec, H. J. (1998). Surface plasmons enhance optical transmission through subwavelength holes. Physical Review B, 58(11), 6779-6782. doi:10.1103/physrevb.58.6779Martínez, A., & Martí, J. (2005). Negative refraction in two-dimensional photonic crystals: Role of lattice orientation and interface termination. Physical Review B, 71(23). doi:10.1103/physrevb.71.235115Ruan, Z., & Qiu, M. (2006). Enhanced Transmission through Periodic Arrays of Subwavelength Holes: The Role of Localized Waveguide Resonances. Physical Review Letters, 96(23). doi:10.1103/physrevlett.96.233901Economou, E. N. (1969). Surface Plasmons in Thin Films. Physical Review, 182(2), 539-554. doi:10.1103/physrev.182.539Esembeson, B., Scimeca, M. L., Michinobu, T., Diederich, F., & Biaggio, I. (2008). A High-Optical Quality Supramolecular Assembly for Third-Order Integrated Nonlinear Optics. Advanced Materials, 20(23), 4584-4587. doi:10.1002/adma.200801552Spano, R., Daldosso, N., Cazzanelli, M., Ferraioli, L., Tartara, L., Yu, J., … Pavesi, L. (2009). Bound electronic and free carrier nonlinearities in Silicon nanocrystals at 1550nm. Optics Express, 17(5), 3941. doi:10.1364/oe.17.003941Dani, K. M., Ku, Z., Upadhya, P. C., Prasankumar, R. P., Brueck, S. R. J., & Taylor, A. J. (2009). Subpicosecond Optical Switching with a Negative Index Metamaterial. Nano Letters, 9(10), 3565-3569. doi:10.1021/nl901764

Transformational acoustic metamaterials based on pressure gradients

We apply a homogenization process to the acoustic velocity potential wave equation. The study of various examples shows that the resulting effective properties are different from those of the homogenized pressure wave equation for the same underlying acoustic parameters. A careful analysis reveals that a given set of inhomogeneous parameters represents an entirely different physical system depending on the considered equation. Our findings unveil a different way of tailoring acoustic properties through gradients of the static pressure. In contrast to standard metafluids based on isobaric composites, this alternative kind of metafluid is suitable for the implementation of transformational devices designed via the velocity potential equation. This includes acoustic systems in a moving background or arising from general space-time transformations. As an example, we design a device able to cloak the acoustic velocity potential.This work was developed under the framework of the ARIADNA Contract No. 4000104572/12/NL/KML of the European Space Agency. C.G.-M., J.S.-D., and A.M. also acknowledge support from Consolider project CSD2008-00066, A.M. from project TEC2011-28664-C02-02, and C.B. and G.J. from the project FIS2011-30145-C03-01. J.S.-D. acknowledges support from the USA Office of Naval Research. All authors contributed equally to this work.García Meca, C.; Carloni, S.; Barceló, C.; Jannes, GGP.; Sánchez-Dehesa Moreno-Cid, J.; Martínez Abietar, AJ. (2014). Transformational acoustic metamaterials based on pressure gradients. Physical Review B. 90(2):24310-1-24310-9. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.90.024310S24310-124310-990

Consensus statement on the use of alemtuzumab in daily clinical practice in Spain

Introducción: Alemtuzumab es un fármaco de alta eficacia aprobado por la Agencia Europea de Medicamentos como tratamiento modificador de la enfermedad en pacientes con esclerosis múltiple remitente recurrente. Objetivo: Elaborar un documento de consenso sobre el manejo de alemtuzumab en la práctica clínica habitual, que sea de aplicación en el ámbito español. Desarrollo: Un grupo de expertos en esclerosis múltiple revisó las publicaciones disponibles hasta diciembre de 2017, de tratamiento con alemtuzumab y esclerosis múltiple. Se incluyeron trabajos sobre eficacia, efectividad y seguridad, despistaje de infecciones y vacunación, administración y monitorización. La propuesta inicial de recomendaciones fue desarrollada por un grupo coordinador con base en la evidencia disponible y en su experiencia clínica. El proceso de consenso se llevó a cabo en 2 etapas; se estableció como porcentaje inicial de acuerdo grupal el 80%. El documento final con todas las recomendaciones acordadas por el grupo de trabajo se sometió a revisión externa y los comentarios recibidos fueron considerados por el grupo coordinador. Conclusiones: El documento aportado pretende ser una herramienta útil para facilitar el manejo del fármaco en condiciones de práctica clínica habitual.Introduction: Alemtuzumab is a highly effective drug approved by the European Medicines Agency as a disease-modifying drug for the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Objective: A consensus document was drafted on the management of alemtuzumab in routine clinical practice in Spain. Development: A group of multiple sclerosis specialists reviewed articles addressing treatment with alemtuzumab in patients with multiple sclerosis and published before December 2017. The included studies assessed the drug's efficacy, effectiveness, and safety; screening for infections and vaccination; and administration and monitoring aspects. The initial proposed recommendations were developed by a coordinating group and based on the available evidence and their clinical experience. The consensus process was carried out in 2 stages, with the initial threshold percentage for group agreement established at 80%. The final document with all the recommendations agreed by the working group was submitted for external review and the comments received were considered by the coordinating group. Conclusion: The present document is intended to be used as a tool for optimising the management of alemtuzumab in routine clinical practice.Los autores agradecen a Mónica Giménez su ayuda en los procedimientos de redacción, revisión y envío del manuscrito

Magnetic hot spots in closely spaced thick gold nanorings

This document is the Accepted Manuscript version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in Nano Letters, copyright © American Chemical Society after peer review and technical editing by the publisher. To access the final edited and published work see http://pubs.acs.org/page/policy/articlesonrequest/index.htmlLigh-matter interaction at optical frequencies is mostly mediated by the electric component of the electromagnetic field, with the magnetic component usually being considered negligible. Recently, it has been shown that properly engineered metallic nanostructures can provide a magnetic response at optical frequencies originated from real or virtual flows of electric current in the structure. In this work, we demonstrate a magnetic plasmonic mode which emerges in closely spaced thick gold nanorings. The plasmonic resonance obtains a magnetic dipole character by sufficiently increasing the height of the nanorings. Numerical simulations show that a virtual current loop appears at resonance for sufficiently thick nanorings, resulting in a strong concentration of the magnetic field in the gap region (magnetic hot spot). We find that there is an optimum thickness that provides the maximum magnetic intensity enhancement (over 200-fold enhancement) and give an explanation of this observation. This strong magnetic resonance, observed both experimentally and theoretically, can be used to build new metamaterials and resonant loop nanoantennas at optical frequencies.This work has been supported by Spanish Government and European Union (EU) funds under contracts CSD2008-00066 and TEC2011-28664-C02-02 and Universitat Politecnica de Valencia (program INNOVA 2011). The authors extend special thanks to Mr. J. Ross Aitken for his contribution to this work.Lorente Crespo, M.; Wang, L.; Ortuño Molinero, R.; García Meca, C.; Ekinci, Y.; Martínez Abietar, AJ. (2013). Magnetic hot spots in closely spaced thick gold nanorings. Nano Letters. 13(6):2654-2661. https://doi.org/10.1021/nl400798sS2654266113

Baseline Inflammatory Status Reveals Dichotomic Immune Mechanisms Involved In Primary-Progressive Multiple Sclerosis Pathology

To ascertain the role of inflammation in the response to ocrelizumab in primary-progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS).Multicenter prospective study including 69 patients with PPMS who initiated ocrelizumab treatment, classified according to baseline presence [Gd+, n=16] or absence [Gd-, n=53] of gadolinium-enhancing lesions in brain MRI. Ten Gd+ (62.5%) and 41 Gd- patients (77.4%) showed non-evidence of disease activity (NEDA) defined as no disability progression or new MRI lesions after 1 year of treatment. Blood immune cell subsets were characterized by flow cytometry, serum immunoglobulins by nephelometry, and serum neurofilament light-chains (sNfL) by SIMOA. Statistical analyses were corrected with the Bonferroni formula.More than 60% of patients reached NEDA after a year of treatment, regardless of their baseline characteristics. In Gd+ patients, it associated with a low repopulation rate of inflammatory B cells accompanied by a reduction of sNfL values 6 months after their first ocrelizumab dose. Patients in Gd- group also had low B cell numbers and sNfL values 6 months after initiating treatment, independent of their treatment response. In these patients, NEDA status was associated with a tolerogenic remodeling of the T and innate immune cell compartments, and with a clear increase of serum IgA levels.Baseline inflammation influences which immunological pathways predominate in patients with PPMS. Inflammatory B cells played a pivotal role in the Gd+ group and inflammatory T and innate immune cells in Gd- patients. B cell depletion can modulate both mechanisms.Copyright © 2022 Fernández-Velasco, Monreal, Kuhle, Meca-Lallana, Meca-Lallana, Izquierdo, Oreja-Guevara, Gascón-Giménez, Sainz de la Maza, Walo-Delgado, Lapuente-Suanzes, Maceski, Rodríguez-Martín, Roldán, Villarrubia, Saiz, Blanco, Diaz-Pérez, Valero-López, Diaz-Diaz, Aladro, Brieva, Íñiguez, González-Suárez, Rodríguez de Antonio, García-Domínguez, Sabin, Llufriu, Masjuan, Costa-Frossard and Villar