1,944 research outputs found
Ground-based NIR emission spectroscopy of HD189733b
We investigate the K and L band dayside emission of the hot-Jupiter HD
189733b with three nights of secondary eclipse data obtained with the SpeX
instrument on the NASA IRTF. The observations for each of these three nights
use equivalent instrument settings and the data from one of the nights has
previously reported by Swain et al (2010). We describe an improved data
analysis method that, in conjunction with the multi-night data set, allows
increased spectral resolution (R~175) leading to high-confidence identification
of spectral features. We confirm the previously reported strong emission at
~3.3 microns and, by assuming a 5% vibrational temperature excess for methane,
we show that non-LTE emission from the methane nu3 branch is a physically
plausible source of this emission. We consider two possible energy sources that
could power non-LTE emission and additional modelling is needed to obtain a
detailed understanding of the physics of the emission mechanism. The validity
of the data analysis method and the presence of strong 3.3 microns emission is
independently confirmed by simultaneous, long-slit, L band spectroscopy of HD
189733b and a comparison star.Comment: ApJ accepte
Out-of-equilibrium dynamical fluctuations in glassy systems
In this paper we extend the earlier treatment of out-of-equilibrium
mesoscopic fluctuations in glassy systems in several significant ways. First,
via extensive simulations, we demonstrate that models of glassy behavior
without quenched disorder display scalings of the probability of local two-time
correlators that are qualitatively similar to that of models with short-ranged
quenched interactions. The key ingredient for such scaling properties is shown
to be the development of a critical-like dynamical correlation length, and not
other microscopic details. This robust data collapse may be described in terms
of a time-evolving Gumbel-like distribution. We develop a theory to describe
both the form and evolution of these distributions based on a effective
sigma-model approach.Comment: 20 pages, RevTex, 9 figure
Extrasolar Planets in the Classroom
The field of extrasolar planets is still, in comparison with other
astrophysical topics, in its infancy. There have been about 300 or so
extrasolar planets detected and their detection has been accomplished by
various different techniques. Here we present a simple laboratory experiment to
show how planets are detected using the transit technique. Following the simple
analysis procedure describe we are able to determine the planetary radius to be
1.27 +/- 0.20 R_{J} which, within errors agrees with the establish value of
1.32 +/- 0.25 R_{J}.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figures, published in Physics Educatio
Small angle neutron scattering contrast variation reveals heterogeneities of interactions in protein gels
The structure of model gluten protein gels prepared in ethanol/water is
investigated by small angle X-ray (SAXS) and neutrons (SANS) scattering. We
show that gluten gels display radically different SAXS and SANS profiles when
the solvent is (at least partially) deuterated. The detailed analysis of the
SANS signal as a function of the solvent deuteration demonstrates
heterogeneities of sample deuteration at different length scales. The
progressive exchange between the protons (H) of the proteins and the deuteriums
(D) of the solvent is inhomogeneous and 60 nm large zones that are enriched in
H are evidenced. In addition, at low protein concentration, in the sol state,
solvent deuteration induces a liquid/liquid phase separation. Complementary
biochemical and structure analyses show that the denser protein phase is more
protonated and specifically enriched in glutenin, the polymeric fraction of
gluten proteins. These findings suggest that the presence of H-rich zones in
gluten gels would arise from the preferential interaction of glutenin polymers
through a tight network of non-exchangeable intermolecular hydrogen bonds.Comment: Soft Matter, Royal Society of Chemistry, 201
The Spitzer search for the transits of HARPS low-mass planets - I. No transit for the super-Earth HD 40307b
We have used Spitzer and its IRAC camera to search for the transit of the
super-Earth HD 40307b. The transiting nature of the planet could not be firmly
discarded from our first photometric monitoring of a transit window because of
the uncertainty coming from the modeling of the photometric baseline. To obtain
a firm result, two more transit windows were observed and a global Bayesian
analysis of the three IRAC time series and the HARPS radial velocities was
performed. Unfortunately, any transit of the planet during the observed phase
window is firmly discarded, while the probability that the planet transits but
that the eclipse was missed by our observations is nearly negligible (0.26%).Comment: Submitted to A&
A Spitzer Spectrum of the Exoplanet HD 189733b
We report on the measurement of the 7.5-14.7 micron spectrum for the
transiting extrasolar giant planet HD 189733b using the Infrared Spectrograph
on the Spitzer Space Telescope. Though the observations comprise only 12 hours
of telescope time, the continuum is well measured and has a flux ranging from
0.6 mJy to 1.8 mJy over the wavelength range, or 0.49 +/- 0.02% of the flux of
the parent star. The variation in the measured fractional flux is very nearly
flat over the entire wavelength range and shows no indication of significant
absorption by water or methane, in contrast with the predictions of most
atmospheric models. Models with strong day/night differences appear to be
disfavored by the data, suggesting that heat redistribution to the night side
of the planet is highly efficient.Comment: 12 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical
Journal Letter
HTC Scientific Computing in a Distributed Cloud Environment
This paper describes the use of a distributed cloud computing system for
high-throughput computing (HTC) scientific applications. The distributed cloud
computing system is composed of a number of separate
Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS) clouds that are utilized in a unified
infrastructure. The distributed cloud has been in production-quality operation
for two years with approximately 500,000 completed jobs where a typical
workload has 500 simultaneous embarrassingly-parallel jobs that run for
approximately 12 hours. We review the design and implementation of the system
which is based on pre-existing components and a number of custom components. We
discuss the operation of the system, and describe our plans for the expansion
to more sites and increased computing capacity
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