455 research outputs found
Distribution of Partial Neutron Widths for Nuclei close to a Maximum of the Neutron Strength Function
For nuclei near a maximum of the neutron strength function, the secular
dependence on energy E of s-wave partial neutron widths differs from the
canonical form given by the square root of E. We derive the universal form of
that dependence and show that it is expected to significantly influence the
analysis of neutron resonance data.Comment: 4 page
Effective operator formalism for open quantum systems
We present an effective operator formalism for open quantum systems.
Employing perturbation theory and adiabatic elimination of excited states for a
weakly driven system, we derive an effective master equation which reduces the
evolution to the ground-state dynamics. The effective evolution involves a
single effective Hamiltonian and one effective Lindblad operator for each
naturally occurring decay process. Simple expressions are derived for the
effective operators which can be directly applied to reach effective equations
of motion for the ground states. We compare our method with the hitherto
existing concepts for effective interactions and present physical examples for
the application of our formalism, including dissipative state preparation by
engineered decay processes.Comment: 11 pages, 6 figure
Chiral Symmetry Breaking and the Dirac Spectrum at Nonzero Chemical Potential
The relation between the spectral density of the QCD Dirac operator at
nonzero baryon chemical potential and the chiral condensate is investigated. We
use the analytical result for the eigenvalue density in the microscopic regime
which shows oscillations with a period that scales as 1/V and an amplitude that
diverges exponentially with the volume . We find that the discontinuity
of the chiral condensate is due to the whole oscillating region rather than to
an accumulation of eigenvalues at the origin. These results also extend beyond
the microscopic regime to chemical potentials .Comment: 4 pages, 1 figur
Discrete charging of a quantum dot strongly coupled to external leads
We examine a quantum dot with levels which is strongly coupled
to leads for varying number of channels in the leads. It is shown both
analytically and numerically that for strong couplings between the dot and the
leads, at least bound states (akin to subradiant states in
optics) remain on the dot. These bound states exhibit discrete charging and,
for a significant range of charging energies, strong Coulomb blockade behavior
as function of the chemical potential. The physics changes for large charging
energy where the same (superradiant) state is repeatedly charged.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures (accepted for publication in EPL
Study of the 16O(p,gamma) Reaction at Astrophysical Energies
The Feshbach theory of the optical potential naturally leads to a microscopic
description of scattering in terms of the many-body self-energy. We consider a
recent calculation of this quantity for 16O and study the possibility of
applying it at astrophysical energies. The results obtained for the phase
shifts and the 16O(p,\gamma) capture suggest that such studies are feasible but
the calculations require some improvement geared to this specific task.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures; Proceedings of Nuclei In The Cosmos VIII, to
appear in Nucl. Phys.
Nucleon-nucleus optical potential in the particle-hole approach
Feshbach's projection formalism in the particle-hole model space leads to a
microscopic description of scattering in terms of the many-body self-energy. To
investigate the feasibility of this approach, an optical potential for O-16 is
constructed starting from two previous calculations of the self-energy for this
nucleus. The results reproduce the background phase shifts for positive parity
waves and the resonances beyond the mean field.
The latter can be computed microscopically for energies of astrophysical
interest using Green's function theory.Comment: 8 pages, 6 figures. Submitted to Phys. Rev.
Statistics of eigenfunctions in open chaotic systems: a perturbative approach
We investigate the statistical properties of the complexness parameter which
characterizes uniquely complexness (biorthogonality) of resonance eigenstates
of open chaotic systems. Specifying to the regime of isolated resonances, we
apply the random matrix theory to the effective Hamiltonian formalism and
derive analytically the probability distribution of the complexness parameter
for two statistical ensembles describing the systems invariant under time
reversal. For those with rigid spectra, we consider a Hamiltonian characterized
by a picket-fence spectrum without spectral fluctuations. Then, in the more
realistic case of a Hamiltonian described by the Gaussian Orthogonal Ensemble,
we reveal and discuss the r\^ole of spectral fluctuations
Asymmetry dependence of proton correlations
A dispersive optical model analysis of p+40Ca and p+48Ca interactions has
been carried out. The real and imaginary potentials have been constrained from
fits to elastic scattering data, reaction cross sections, and level properties
of valence hole states deduced from (e,e'p) data. The surface imaginary
potential was found to be larger overall and the gap in this potential on
either side of the Fermi energy was found to be smaller for the neutron-rich
p+48Ca system. These results imply that protons with energies near the Fermi
surface experience larger correlations with increasing asymmetry.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figure
Semi-classical Characters and Optical Model Description of Heavy Ion Scattering, Direct Reactions, and Fusion at Near-barrier Energies
An approach is proposed to calculate the direct reaction (DR) and fusion
probabilities for heavy ion collisions at near-Coulomb-barrier energies as
functions of the distance of closest approach D within the framework of the
optical model that introduces two types of imaginary potentials, DR and fusion.
The probabilities are calculated by using partial DR and fusion cross sections,
together with the classical relations associated with the Coulomb trajectory.
Such an approach makes it possible to analyze the data for angular
distributions of the inclusive DR cross section, facilitating the determination
of the radius parameters of the imaginary DR potential in a less ambiguous
manner. Simultaneous -analyses are performed of relevant data for the
O+Pb system near the Coulomb-barrier energy
Toward a Global Dispersive Optical Model for the Driplines
A dispersive-optical-model analysis has been performed for both protons and
neutrons on 40,42,44,48Ca isotopes. The fitted potentials describe accurately
both scattering and bound quantities and extrapolate well to other stable
nuclei.
Further experimental information will be gathered to constrain extrapolations
toward the driplines.Comment: Invited talk at the "10th International Conference on Nucleus-Nucleus
Collisions", Beijing, 16-21 August 200
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