1,079 research outputs found
Load Distribution over a Fuselage in Combination with a Swept Wing at Small Angles of Attack and Transonic Speeds
A method for calculating heat transfer in the laminar flow region of bodies
This report has been prepared to provide a practical method for determining the chordwise distribution of the rate of heat transfer from the surface of a wing or body of revolution to air. The method is limited in use to the determination of heat transfer from the forward section of such bodies when the flow is laminar. A comparison of the calculated average heat-transfer coefficient for the nose section of the wing of a Lockheed 12-A airplane with that experimentally determined shows a satisfactory agreement. A sample calculation is appended
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NACA Wartime Reports
Report presenting a practical method for determining the chordwise distribution of the rate of heat transfer from the surface of a wing or body of revolution to air. The method is limited to use to the determination of heat transfer fro the forward section of such bodies when the flow is laminar
Using FaceReader to explore the potential for harnessing emotional reactions to motivate hand hygiene
Background:
Handwashing is a key strategy for reducing the spread of infection but hand hygiene practises are often poor. Pre-testing messages prior to a campaign is expensive and time consuming.
Objective:
This study investigates (1) emotional reactions to handwashing messages based on four different theoretical constructs (Knowledge of Risk, Comfort, Disgust and Social Norms), (2) how images may influence emotional reactions and (3) the influence of emotion, images and theoretical construct on handwashing motivation.
Methods
A novel methodology was employed whereby FaceReader, software that automatically analyses emotions, was used to identify reactions to handwashing messages. Thirty-one participants from The University of Sheffield were recruited for this laboratory study.
Results:
Most participants did not react strongly to any message and emotional reactions were similar for messages from different theoretical constructs. Adding images to text messages intensified some emotional reactions, particularly Happy and Disgusted for the two messages from the Disgust theoretical perspective. Moreover, participants thought that messages that used images were 1.8 times more likely to encourage handwashing. Knowledge of Risk messages (most encouraging) were 2.9 times more likely to be selected as encouraging handwashing than Comfort messages (least encouraging). An increase in the Disgusted emotion was also associated with an increase in encouragement.
Discussion:
This study suggests that handwashing messages should be designed to exploit emotional reactions but more research is needed to understand how to design messages for these reactions. Whether disgust is as important post Covid-19 requires future investigation. FaceReader can be usefully and inexpensively employed to pre-test handwashing messages
Struggling to a monumental triumph : Re-assessing the final stages of the smallpox eradication program in India, 1960-1980
The global smallpox program is generally presented as the brainchild of a handful of actors from the WHO headquarters in Geneva and at the agency's regional offices. This article attempts to present a more complex description of the drive to eradicate smallpox. Based on the example of India, a major focus of the campaign, it is argued that historians and public health officials should recognize the varying roles played by a much wider range of participants. Highlighting the significance of both Indian and international field officials, the author shows how bureaucrats and politicians at different levels of administration and society managed to strengthen—yet sometimes weaken—important program components. Centrally dictated strategies developed at WHO offices in Geneva and New Delhi, often in association with Indian federal authorities, were reinterpreted by many actors and sometimes changed beyond recognition
Investigation of correlations between clinical signs and pathological findings in cats and dogs with inflammatory bowel disease
This paper compares the correlation between the clinical signs and the histopathological observations of the entire intestine in cats and dogs with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). To perform this study, hospital records of 53 dogs and 20 cats of different sex, ages, and breed diagnosed with IBD following the histopathological criteria of the World Small Animal Veterinary Association (WSAVA) were evaluated. The results obtained in this study did show correlations between some clinical signs and the histopathological assessment of dogs and cats with IBD. Therefore, a slight association between diarrhea and lacteal dilation in the small bowel, and diarrhea and desquamation in the large bowel of dogs with IBD was seen, but no other associations were found between the rest of the lesions and symptoms. In contrast, cats only showed a correlation between anorexia with villous stunting and villous epithelial injury, without correspondence among other clinical signs and lesions. The results of this study propose that the evaluation of IBD can be complicated, especially with the use of retrospective records of archived intestinal biopsies and subjective clinical and histopathologic decisions
A FORÇA DO TERRITÓRIO: AS YABASSÉS E O CORPO FEMININO DE RESISTÊNCIA NA CERIMÔNIA DE OLUBAJÉ NUM TERREIRO DE UMBANDA NO DISTRITO FEDERAL, BRASIL
Following paths throughout the development of a society, we observe in different geographic spaces the role of women as those who generate and nurture not only their own, but an entire community if necessary. Thinking about the construction of a territory is thinking about who the actors are that support the basis so that continuity is possible over generations. Cultures of African origin, emphasizing the focus within religions, have this base very well represented. We can point out here the role that Yabassé occupies, not just there in the ilê but ends up being a stance that goes beyond a farm, we are talking about a force that solidifies the importance that these women occupy in their social role. Generating life goes beyond the symbolism of procreation and through food perpetuates life, resistance, knowledge, circularity and oralitySeguindo caminhos ao longo do desenvolvimento de uma sociedade, observamos em diversos espaços geográficos o papel da mulher como aquela que gera, nutre não somente os seus, mas toda uma comunidade se assim for necessário. Pensar a construção de um território é pensar quem são os atores que sustentam a base para que a continuidade seja possÃvel ao longo de gerações. As culturas de matriz africana, enfatizando o recorte dentro das religiões, possuem esta base muito bem representada. Podemos pontuar aqui o papel que a Yabassé ocupa, não apenas ali no ilê mas acaba sendo uma postura que ultrapassa uma roça, estamos falando de uma força que solidifica a importância que essas mulheres ocupam em seu papel social. Gerar vida é para além do simbolismo de procriação e através da alimentação se perpetua a vida, resistência, conhecimento, circularidade e oralidade
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