On the Multiplicative Structure of Quasifields and Semifields: Cyclic and Acyclic Loops

This note is concerned with the multiplicative loop  $L$ of a finite quasifield or semifield, and the associated geometry. It investigates when the principal powers of some element of the multiplicative loop $L$ ranges over the  whole loop: in this situation the loop $L$ is cyclic (or primitive) and is acyclic otherwise. A conjecture of Wene essentially asserts that a finite semifield cannot be acyclic.No counterexamples to the Wene conjecture are known for semifields of order >32; in fact, in many situations the Wene conjecture is known to hold, as established in various papersby Wene, Rùa and Hamilton. The primary aim of this note is to show that, in contrast to the above situation,there exists at least one acyclic quasifield for every square prime powerorder p^{2r}>4. Additionally, we include a simple conceptual proof ofa theorem of  Rùa, that establishes the primitivity ofthree-dimensional semifields

PERBAIKAN REWARD SYSTEM SERTA FAKTOR MOTIVASI INTERNAL DAN EKSTERNAL DALAM MENGATASI MOTIVATIONAL PROBLEM KARYAWAN BENGKEL MEBEL KEUSKUPAN AGUNG KUPANG DI NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR

Abstrak - Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan sistem reward serta faktor-faktor motivasi yang menyebabkan penurunan motivasi kerja karyawan Bengkel Mebel Keuskupan Agung Kupang Nusa Tenggara Timur, serta memberikan rekomendasi perbaikannya agar dapat kembali memotivasi semangat kerja karyawan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data primer yang menggunakan metode analisis data, observasi dan wawancara. Metode analisis data dengan menganalisis dokumen internal bengkel untuk memperoleh data yang relevan. Metode observasi dengan cara melakukan survey langsung ke tempat kerja untuk menganalisis problem atau masalah yang terjadi. Metode wawancara dilaksanakan secara face-to-face kepada ketua pelaksana dan karyawan selaku responden. Pertanyaan yang diajukan mengangkat permasalahan dan memancing pendapat dari responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa walaupun diberikan reward, motivasi kerja karyawan tetap bisa menurun karena pengaruh dari faktor-faktor seperti lingkungan kerja kurang kondusif seperti kebersihan tempat kerja yang tidak terjaga, hubungan kurang harmonis antar karyawan, fasilitas keselamatan kerja dan perlengkapan kerja yang tidak memadai, tingkat pendidikan yang rendah, usia karyawan yang tidak lagi produktif, masa kerja yang terlalu lama, kemampuan ekonomi yang tidak kunjung membaik, serta realisasi penjualan mebel yang kecil. Kata kunci: Sistem reward, Faktor-faktor motivasi, Karyawan, Kinerja Abstract - This study aims to determine the application of the reward system and motivational factors that cause to decreased employee motivation in Furniture Workshop Kupang East Nusa Tenggara, as well as provide improvement recommendations to remotivate employee morale. This study used a qualitative approach with a primary data collection techniques using data analysis, observation and interviews. Data analysis method by analyzing the internal documents to obtain relevant data. Observation method by doing directly to the workplace survey to analyze the problems that occur. Methods interviews conducted face-to-face to the chief executive and employees as respondents. The questions asked to raised and switch the opinion from the respondents.The results showed that even given rewards, employee motivation can still be decreased due to the influence of factors such as work environment less conducive workplace hygiene is not maintained, less harmonious relationship between employees, work safety facilities and equipment inadequate work, the level of low education, age of employees who are not productive, prolonged service to work, economic viability is not improved, and realization of sales furniture is low. Keywords: Reward system, Motivational Factors, Employee, Performanc

PERBAIKAN REWARD SYSTEM SERTA FAKTOR MOTIVASI INTERNAL DAN EKSTERNAL DALAM MENGATASI MOTIVATIONAL PROBLEM KARYAWAN BENGKEL MEBEL KEUSKUPAN AGUNG KUPANG DI NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR

Abstrak - Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan sistem reward serta faktor-faktor motivasi yang menyebabkan penurunan motivasi kerja karyawan Bengkel Mebel Keuskupan Agung Kupang Nusa Tenggara Timur, serta memberikan rekomendasi perbaikannya agar dapat kembali memotivasi semangat kerja karyawan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data primer yang menggunakan metode analisis data, observasi dan wawancara. Metode analisis data dengan menganalisis dokumen internal bengkel untuk memperoleh data yang relevan. Metode observasi dengan cara melakukan survey langsung ke tempat kerja untuk menganalisis problem atau masalah yang terjadi. Metode wawancara dilaksanakan secara face-to-face kepada ketua pelaksana dan karyawan selaku responden. Pertanyaan yang diajukan mengangkat permasalahan dan memancing pendapat dari responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa walaupun diberikan reward, motivasi kerja karyawan tetap bisa menurun karena pengaruh dari faktor-faktor seperti lingkungan kerja kurang kondusif seperti kebersihan tempat kerja yang tidak terjaga, hubungan kurang harmonis antar karyawan, fasilitas keselamatan kerja dan perlengkapan kerja yang tidak memadai, tingkat pendidikan yang rendah, usia karyawan yang tidak lagi produktif, masa kerja yang terlalu lama, kemampuan ekonomi yang tidak kunjung membaik, serta realisasi penjualan mebel yang kecil. Kata kunci: Sistem reward, Faktor-faktor motivasi, Karyawan, Kinerja Abstract - This study aims to determine the application of the reward system and motivational factors that cause to decreased employee motivation in Furniture Workshop Kupang East Nusa Tenggara, as well as provide improvement recommendations to remotivate employee morale. This study used a qualitative approach with a primary data collection techniques using data analysis, observation and interviews. Data analysis method by analyzing the internal documents to obtain relevant data. Observation method by doing directly to the workplace survey to analyze the problems that occur. Methods interviews conducted face-to-face to the chief executive and employees as respondents. The questions asked to raised and switch the opinion from the respondents.The results showed that even given rewards, employee motivation can still be decreased due to the influence of factors such as work environment less conducive workplace hygiene is not maintained, less harmonious relationship between employees, work safety facilities and equipment inadequate work, the level of low education, age of employees who are not productive, prolonged service to work, economic viability is not improved, and realization of sales furniture is low. Keywords: Reward system, Motivational Factors, Employee, Performanc

PERBAIKAN REWARD SYSTEM SERTA FAKTOR MOTIVASI INTERNAL DAN EKSTERNAL DALAM MENGATASI MOTIVATIONAL PROBLEM KARYAWAN BENGKEL MEBEL KEUSKUPAN AGUNG KUPANG DI NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR

Abstrak - Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan sistem reward serta faktor-faktor motivasi yang menyebabkan penurunan motivasi kerja karyawan Bengkel Mebel Keuskupan Agung Kupang Nusa Tenggara Timur, serta memberikan rekomendasi perbaikannya agar dapat kembali memotivasi semangat kerja karyawan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data primer yang menggunakan metode analisis data, observasi dan wawancara. Metode analisis data dengan menganalisis dokumen internal bengkel untuk memperoleh data yang relevan. Metode observasi dengan cara melakukan survey langsung ke tempat kerja untuk menganalisis problem atau masalah yang terjadi. Metode wawancara dilaksanakan secara face-to-face kepada ketua pelaksana dan karyawan selaku responden. Pertanyaan yang diajukan mengangkat permasalahan dan memancing pendapat dari responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa walaupun diberikan reward, motivasi kerja karyawan tetap bisa menurun karena pengaruh dari faktor-faktor seperti lingkungan kerja kurang kondusif seperti kebersihan tempat kerja yang tidak terjaga, hubungan kurang harmonis antar karyawan, fasilitas keselamatan kerja dan perlengkapan kerja yang tidak memadai, tingkat pendidikan yang rendah, usia karyawan yang tidak lagi produktif, masa kerja yang terlalu lama, kemampuan ekonomi yang tidak kunjung membaik, serta realisasi penjualan mebel yang kecil. Kata kunci: Sistem reward, Faktor-faktor motivasi, Karyawan, Kinerja Abstract - This study aims to determine the application of the reward system and motivational factors that cause to decreased employee motivation in Furniture Workshop Kupang East Nusa Tenggara, as well as provide improvement recommendations to remotivate employee morale. This study used a qualitative approach with a primary data collection techniques using data analysis, observation and interviews. Data analysis method by analyzing the internal documents to obtain relevant data. Observation method by doing directly to the workplace survey to analyze the problems that occur. Methods interviews conducted face-to-face to the chief executive and employees as respondents. The questions asked to raised and switch the opinion from the respondents.The results showed that even given rewards, employee motivation can still be decreased due to the influence of factors such as work environment less conducive workplace hygiene is not maintained, less harmonious relationship between employees, work safety facilities and equipment inadequate work, the level of low education, age of employees who are not productive, prolonged service to work, economic viability is not improved, and realization of sales furniture is low. Keywords: Reward system, Motivational Factors, Employee, Performanc

London, British Library, Cotton Tiberius B. i: OE Orosius; "Menologium," "Maxims II," Anglo-Saxon

227. London, British Library, Cotton Tiberius B. i OE Orosius; "Menologium," "Maxims II," Anglo-Saxon Chronicle (C-text) [Ker 191, Gneuss 370] HISTORY: The manuscript is a composite. Ker dates Part 1 (ff. 3-111 containing the Orosius [Bately's siglum C]) to "s. xi1 " and Part 2 (the verse texts and the C-text of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle) to s. "xi2 ." The ascription of an Abingdon provenance for the C-text of the Chronicle is owing mostly to tradition and is difficult to sustain (O'Brien O'Keeffe 2001: lxxiv-xcii). In the early modem period the manuscript was known or used by a number of antiquarians. Robert Recorde (d. 1558) made extracts from the Chronicle, probably while it was in the possession of Robert Talbot, prebendary of Norwich (d. 1558) (Wright 1937: 170-71; Graham 1997); in the upper margin of f. 3, Talbot has written 'Rex Alfred<us> Orosiu<m> interp<re>tat<us> <est> Boetiu<m> <et> Beda<m> de histo<ria> eccl<esi>astica.' Talbot underlined names in Tiberius B. i and made marginal notations throughout.John Leland ( d. 1552) copied Talbot's inscription, his underlined Anglo-Saxon place names, and a few of his English and Latin glosses into his own "Collectanea" (BL, Cotton Julius C. vi, ff. 99v-100v; Hearne 1774: 4.122-25). Laurence Nowell made a partial copy of the C-text in BL, Additional 43,704, ff. 94r-107v (Lutz 1982: 324-30). John J oscelyn (1529-1603) had access to Tiberius B. i, and he filled in lacunae in the C-text at the years 1055, 1065, and 1066, supplied 'Humbran' and 'mid oreom hund scypum', both in 1066, and supplied 'god man 7 cla:ne 7 swioe a:oele' to the incomplete end of 1056 C. When J oscelyn knew the manuscript, Tiberius B. i was in the possession of William Bowyer (d. 1576), keeper of the records in the Tower (BL, Cotton Nero C. iii, f. 208r). By 1621 Robert Cotton had acquired the manuscript from Robert Bowyer by exchange (see the 1621 Cotton catalogue, BL, Harley 6018, ff. 154v, 158r). Across the top margin of f. 112r Robert Cotton notes 'Cronica Saxonica Abbingdonia: ad annum 1066'. William Somner made a transcript of Tiberius B. i in the process of compiling his 1659 dictionary (now Canterbury Cathedral Library, Lit. C. 5, ff. 5-74, rectos only; for Somner's use of Tiberius B. i see Lutz 1988: 7-15)

Inner Automorphisms of Finite Semifields

EnUnlike finite fields, finite semifields possess inner automorphisms. A further surprise is that even noncommutative semifields possess inner automorphisms. We compute inner automorphisms and automorphism groups for semifields quadratic over the nucleus, the Hughes-Kleinfeld semifields and the Dickson commutative semifields

Relative Abundance, Seasonal Distribution and Taxonomy of Sphingidae of Northeast Arkansas

A total of 38 species of sphingids, with keys and descriptions, are reported from Northeast Arkansas. Graphs and tables are presented to show relative abundance and seasonal distribution. Drawings of genitalia, fore tibiae, and forewings, as well as photographs of species in the key are included

From anaphoric pronoun to copula in Zande

In Zande there is a particle ni which has two syntactic functions. The first one is that of an ana¬phoric pronoun (cf. ex. 1. for its use as a possessive pronoun) which is neutral with regard to gender, number, and syntactic function. The second function is that of a copula (ex. 2. and 3.). My hypothesis is that this copula has developed in a process of grammaticalisation from the anaphoric pronoun. The aim of the present paper is to outline this development and the conditions which allowed for it to take place