679 research outputs found
Configurable Process Models as a Basis for Reference Modeling
Off-the-shelf packages such as SAP need to be configured to suit the requirements of an organization. Reference models support the configuration of these systems. Existing reference models use rather traditional languages. For example, the SAP reference model uses Eventdriven Process Chains (EPCs). Unfortunately, traditional languages like EPCs do not capture the configuration-aspects well. Consider for example the concept of "choice" in the control-flow perspective. Although any process modeling language, including EPCs, offers a choice construct (e.g., the XOR connector in EPCs), a single construct will not be able to capture the time dimension, scope, and impact of a decision. Some decisions are taken at run-time for a single case while other decisions are taken at build-time impacting a whole organization and all current and future cases. This position paper discusses the need for configurable process models as a basic building block for reference modeling. The focus is on the control-flow perspective. Š Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2006
Seniorenläufer werden schneller und gewinnen Ultramarathons
Quintessenz
⢠Seniorensportler (Läufer ßber 35 Jahre) dominieren Ultramarathons, also Läufe, die länger sind als die klassische Marathondistanz von 42,195 km.
⢠Aus physiologischer Sicht wird mit ca. 35 Jahren der Leistungszenit im Langstrecken-Laufsport ßberschritten.
⢠Das Alter der Spitzenleistung im Ultralaufen steigt mit zunehmender Distanz und/oder der Dauer eines Ultramarathons.
⢠Lebenslanger Ausdauersport vermindert die altersbedingte Abnahme der maximalen Sauerstoffaufnahme um ca. 50%.
⢠Eine Abnahme der Muskelmasse ist kein unabwendbares Schicksal, denn regelmässiges Training lässt den altersbedingten jährlichen Abbau auf bis zu 0,5% schrumpfen
Global regulatory developments for clinical stem cell research: diversification and challenges to collaborations
In this article, we explore regulatory developments in stem cell medicine in seven jurisdictions: Japan, China, India, Argentina, Brazil, the USA and the EU. We will show that the research methods, ethical standards and approval procedures for the market use of clinical stem cell interventions are undergoing an important process of global diversification. We will discuss the implications of this process for international harmonization and the conduct of multicountry clinical research collaborations. It will become clear that the increasing heterogeneity of research standards and regulations in the stem cell field presents a significant challenge to international clinical trial partnerships, especially with countries that diverge from the regulatory models that have been developed in the USA and the EU
Predictor variables for half marathon race time in recreational female runners
Anthropometric and training variables were related to half-marathon race time in recreational female runners. Skin-fold thicknesses at various upper body locations were related to training intensity. High running speed in training appears to be important for fast half-marathon race times and may reduce upper body skin-fold thicknesses in recreational female half marathoners
Dynamic Context Modeling for Agile Case Management
International audienceCase Management processes are characterized by their high unpredictability and, thus, cannot be handled following traditional process- or activity-centered approaches. Adaptive Case Management paradigm proposes an alternative data-centered approach for management such processes. In this paper, we elaborate on this approach and explore the role of context data in Case Management. We use the state-oriented representation of the process that allows us to incorporate the contextual information in a systematic and transparent way, leading towards agile case management
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Pre-defined and Optional Staging for the Deployment of Enterprise Systems: a case study and a framework
The effective deployment of enterprise systems has been a major challenge for many organisations. Customising the new system, changing business processes, and integrating multiple information sources are all difficult tasks. As such, they are typically done in carefully planned stages in a process known as phased implementation. Using ideas from Option Theory, this article critiques aspects of phased implementation. One customer relationship management (CRM) project and its phased implementation are described in detail and ten other enterprise system deployments are summarised as a basis for the observation that almost all deployment stages are pre-defined operational steps rather than decision points. However, Option Theory suggests that optional stages, to be used only when risk materialises, should be integral parts of project plans. Although such optional stages are often more valuable than pre-defined stages, the evidence presented in this article shows that they are only rarely utilised. Therefore, a simple framework is presented; it first identifies risks related to the deployment of enterprise systems, then identifies optional stages that can mitigate these risks, and finally compares the costs and benefits of both pre-defined and optional stages
Women achieve peak swim performance in individual medley at earlier ages than men
Introduction: Previous studies suggested that the age of peak swim performance in freestyle swimming was ~17 years for women and ~19 years for men. However, no study investigated the age of peak swim performance in other disciplines such as individual medley.
Objective: To examine the change in the age of peak individual medley performance for both elite female and male Swiss swimmers from 1994 to 2011.
Methods: The change in age of peak individual medley performance was investigated for elite female and male swimmers from 1994 to 2011. For comparison, an analysis of freestyle swimming was also performed. Swim speed in 200m and 400m medley, sex and age of the top ten swimmers at national level (Switzerland) were analysed using linear regression and two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).
Results: The age of peak swim speed was (P 0.05). Swim performances improved for both swim styles and distances across years (P ⤠0.03).
Conclusion: The age of peak swim performance in medley and freestyle remained stable and was lower for women than for men in elite Swiss swimmers during the 1994 to 2011 period. Future studies need to investigate the age of peak swim speed in swimmers at international level in other competitive swim strokes.
Key words: swim performance, gender difference, individual medley, freestyl
Analysis of performances at the âIronman Hawaii triathlonâ and its qualifier events with respect to nationality
The Ironman World Championship in Hawaii is assumed to be the most challenging Ironman triathlon in the world. Athletes intending to compete in âIronman Hawaiiâ need to qualify. The aims of this study were (i) to compare the participation of athletes between âIronman Hawaiiâ and its qualifier races regarding their origin, and (ii) to compare the top ten performances of selected nations in âIronman Hawaiiâ with the top ten performances of the same nations in qualifier races within one year. All finishers in 2010 in both âIronman Hawaiiâ and in the qualifier races were analyzed regarding nationality, sex and performance of finishers. For women, a higher percentage (27.2%) finished in âIronman Hawaiiâ compared to the qualifiers (18.9%). For men, a higher percentage (81.1%) finished in the qualifiers compared to âIronman Hawaiiâ (72.8%). In both âIronman Hawaiiâ and in the qualifiers, most finishers originated from the USA, followed by athletes from Germany and Canada. When the split and overall race times of the top ten finishers of the fastest nations were compared between the qualifiers and âIronman Hawaiiâ, split and overall races times were faster in both women and men in the qualifiers compared to âIronman Hawaiiâ. In the qualifiers, the fastest women originated from the USA (551Âą14 min), followed by athletes from Germany (563Âą12 min) and Switzerland (574Âą22 min). In âIronman Hawaiiâ the fastest race times were achieved by American women (571Âą10 min), followed by women originating from Australia (600Âą32 min) and Germany (623Âą25 min). For men, the fastest race times in the qualifiers were reached by athletes originating from Germany (496Âą7 min), followed by athletes from Australia (503Âą10 min) and Great Britain (512Âą9 min). In âIronman Hawaiiâ, American triathletes (522Âą11 min) were the fastest followed by German (526Âą19 min) and Australian (532Âą26 min) finishers. These findings showed that (i) split and overall race times were slower in âIronman Hawaiiâ compared to its qualifiers and (ii) American triathletes dominated both participation and performance in both âIronman Hawaiiâ and its qualifiers
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