A silicone column for GC analysis of polar and nonpolar chemicals

The investigation of the Saturnian System is being proposed jointly by NASA and the European Space Agency (ESA). The mission is scheduled for a launch in 1996. The mission provides an opportunity for close observation and exploration of Saturn's atmosphere, the complex Saturnian System of satellites and rings, Titan (Saturn's planet-sized moon), and Saturn's magnetosphere. The mission gives special attention to Titan which is blanketed by a thick, opaque atmosphere. An atmospheric probe will be deposited into the Titan Atmosphere for in situ measurement during a slow, three hour descent to the surface. The results from this analysis may provide the information which is important to the research of chemical evolution, and the origin of life. An analytical system was developed as a part of the Titan Aerosol Gas Experiment (TAGEX), a proposed experiment for the Cassini Mission. This system will use two highly sensitive detectors, the Metastable Ionization Detector (MID) and the Ion Mobility Spectrometer (IMS). Unfortunately, when commercial columns are utilized with these highly sensitive detectors, volatile components continuously bleed from the column and interfere with the detector. In addition, light columns must be able to separate polar and nonpolar organic chemicals within 10-15 minutes under isothermal conditions for the Titan Mission. Therefore, a highly crosslinked silicone polymeric packed column was developed which is able to efficiently separate amines, alcohols, and hydrocarbons with retention times less that 15 minutes at 100 C isothermal condition

Transient Dynamics and Thermal Stress for Nuclear Rocket Heat-exchanger

Transient dynamics and thermal stresses in nuclear rocket heat exchange

A Comparison Between the Variational Solution and the Experimental Data

Current distribution on dipole antenna with nonreflecting resistive loading, expressed using variation metho

An experimental study of imperfectly conducting dipoles

Input admittances of imperfectly conducting dipole antennas measured in ultrahigh frequency rang

The control of absorption cross-section for a nuclear rocket

Control of absorption cross section of nuclear rocket with distributed parameter kinetics using two optimization procedure

N/P InP homojunction solar cells with an In0.53Ga0.47As contacting layer grown by liquid phase epitaxy

N/P InP homojunction solar cells with an In sub 0.53 Ga sub 0.47 As contacting layer were fabricated by liquid phase epitaxy (LPE). Electron-Beam-Induced-Current (EBIC) measurements were performed on several selected samples. It was found that the background doping level in the base region sometimes results in a deep junction, which greatly affects the cell performance

The diversity of quasars unified by accretion and orientation

Quasars are rapidly accreting supermassive black holes at the center of massive galaxies. They display a broad range of properties across all wavelengths, reflecting the diversity in the physical conditions of the regions close to the central engine. These properties, however, are not random, but form well-defined trends. The dominant trend is known as Eigenvector 1, where many properties correlate with the strength of optical iron and [OIII] emission. The main physical driver of Eigenvector 1 has long been suspected to be the quasar luminosity normalized by the mass of the hole (the Eddington ratio), an important quantity of the black hole accretion process. But a definitive proof has been missing. Here we report an analysis of archival data that reveals that Eddington ratio indeed drives Eigenvector 1. We also find that orientation plays a significant role in determining the observed kinematics of the gas, implying a flattened, disklike geometry for the fast-moving clouds close to the hole. Our results show that most of the diversity of quasar phenomenology can be unified with two simple quantities, Eddington ratio and orientation.Comment: This is the author's version of the work; 18 pages including Supplementary Information; to appear in the 11 September 2014 issue of Nature at http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature1371