Formalina: quem usa conhece? Estudo do conhecimento de enfermeiros sobre formaldeído

The methods of sterilization are considerably important in the decrease of the ocurrence of hospital infection, therefore they must be well know and their effectiveness must be proved. The chemical method of sterilization using formalin is controversial. The objective of this paper is to analize how much the nurses of a School Hospital in Porto Alegre know about formalin and why it is still being used. It has been concluded that are discrepancies between what the staff that was studied knows about formalin and bibliografy. It hes been also concluded that, in spite of having little knowledge about the method, the staff that was studied gave many reasons for using it.Os métodos de esterilização tem relevante importância na diminuição da ocorrência de infecção hospitalar, devendo portanto ser bem conhecidos e de eficácia comprovada. O método químico de esterilização através da formalina é controvertido. O objetivo do presente trabalho é verificar o conhecimento dos enfermeiros de um hospital de ensino de Porto Alegre a respeito da formalina, e por que ainda é utilizado este método. Concluiu-se que existem controvérsias quanto ao conhecimento sobre a formalina na população estudada e na bibliografia. Concluímos também que apesar do escasso conhecimento sobre o método, a população estudada o utiliza e justifica seu uso de diversas formas

Insecticide-induced hormesis in an insecticide-resistant strain of the maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais

Sublethal responses to insecticides are frequently neglected in studies of insecticide resistance, although stimulatory effects associated with low doses of compounds toxic at higher doses, such as insecticides, have been recognized as a general toxicological phenomenon. Evidence for this biphasic dose–response relationship, or hormesis, was recognized as one of the potential causes underlying pest resurgence and secondary pest outbreaks. Hormesis has also potentially important implications for managing insecticide‐resistant populations of insect‐pest species, but evidence of its occurrence in such context is lacking and fitness parameters are seldom considered in these studies. Here, we reported the stimulatory effect of sublethal doses of the pyrethroid insecticide deltamethrin sprayed on maize grains infested with a pyrethroid‐resistant strain of the maize weevil (Sitophilus zeamais) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). The parameters estimated from the fertility tables of resistant insects exposed to deltamethrin indicated a peak in the net reproductive rate at 0.05 ppm consequently leading to a peak in the intrinsic rate of population growth at this dose. The phenomenon is consistent with insecticide‐induced hormesis and its potential management implications are discussed

Perception of selected occupational therapists on telerehabilitation during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross- sectional study

The purpose of this study was to describe the perception of OT practitioners and to identify the most influential factor/s that affect their perception towards telerehabilitation. An adapted self-administered questionnaire validated by local experts in telerehabilitation was disseminated from April 20- May 7 in different occupational therapy group and organizations. Licensed OTs working in NCR and/or in CALABARZON (N=33) were sampled. The main outcome of the study was to identify the perception of occupational therapists towards telerehabilitation in terms of human, technical and organizational factors. The respondents have a mean age of 22-28 years old were mostly female (78.8%) with at least 1 year of telerehabilitation practice and mostly practicing in private clinics (84.8%). Majority of the participants have positive perception in terms of their overall knowledge, skills and confidence in using telerehabilitation and its continuity during the pandemic. Under human factors, the “limited manual examination in virtual consultation” had the yielded the highest mean under this factor. Meanwhile, “no standardized professional schemes and payment schemes” under the organizational factor obtained the highest mean. Lastly, majority of the participants identified that “unreliable internet” was considered to be “very influential” as this obtained the highest mean under this factor. Overall, human, organizational factors were concluded to be influential in the perception of occupational therapist towards telerehabilitation. Technical factor was determined to be the most influential to the perception of OTs towards telerehabilitation. Their perceptions could be used in formulating local guidelines and strategies to improve the conduct of telerehabilitation in the country

Emergência de Bidens pilosa em diferentes profundidades de semeadura Seed emergence of Bidens pilosa at different sowing depths

Bidens pilosa é uma das mais importantes plantas daninhas que ocorrem em lavouras anuais e perenes da região Centro-Sul do Brasil. A grande capacidade de produção de aquênios é uma das suas principais estratégias de sobrevivência, e o conhecimento das condições fundamentais para germinação e emergência das plântulas é essencial para predição do crescimento populacional e para a elaboração de plano de manejo de suas infestações e de seus biótipos resistentes aos herbicidas. Foram conduzidos ensaios em condições de casa de vegetação, onde foi avaliada a emergência de aquênios de B. pilosa em diferentes profundidades (0, 1, 2, 3, 4 e 5 cm). Os experimentos foram conduzidos nos meses de maio, agosto e novembro de 2006 e em março de 2007. Os resultados mostraram que a emergência de plântulas de picão-preto foi bastante afetada pela localização do aquênio no perfil do solo, ocorrendo expressiva redução a partir de 2 cm de profundidade. Essa característica da biologia reprodutiva do picão-preto é importante para a formação de densos bancos de sementes em solos submetidos ao preparo convencional, onde grande parte da chuva de sementes é nele incorporada.<br>Bidens pilosa is one of the major weeds in annual and perennial crops in midsouthern Brazil. High seed production is one of its most important survival strategies and the knowledge of the fundamental conditions for seedling germination and emergence is essential to establish prediction models of its population growth and to elaborate management models for control and prevention of herbicide resistant populations. This research aimed to understand the importance of B. pilosa seed depth in the soil profile to enhance its germination and seedling emergence potential. Thus, four assays were carried out under greenhouse conditions and the seeds were sown at 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 cm from the soil surface. The emergence of B. pilosa seedlings was reduced as sowing depth was increased, with drastic reduction from two centimeters. This reproductive biology feature presented by B. pilosa is very important for the formation of dense seed banks in soils submitted to conventional tillage system