MICROSTRUCTURE OF INTERFACES IN SiC / GLASS COMPOSITES OF DIFFERENT TENACITY

Des composites Fibres SiC Nicalon 202 / LAS ou LAS + Nb2O5 ont été caractérisés par HREM et SIMS . L'intéraction fibre-matrice entraîne la formation i) d'une couche interfaciale de carbone dont la microstructure dépend de la composition de la matrice, ii) d'une zone de transition, localisée entre la couche de carbone et la fibre, dont la microstructure et la composition n'est ni celle de la couche de carbone ni celle de la fibre.SiC Nicalon 202 fibers/LAS or LAS + Nb2O5 matrix composites have been characterized by HREM and SIMS. A fiber-matrix interaction results in (i) an interfacial layer of carbon whose microstructure depends on the matrix composition ; (ii) a transition region lying between the C layer and the fiber whose microstructure and composition differs from the C layer and the fiber

Détermination quantitative des divers composants protéiques du suc pancréatique de porc. Etude du « stress » post opératoire, des variations nychtémérales et de l'adaptation à divers régimes alimentaires

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Filtering of electron images of crystal defects

The interpretation of electron micrographs becomes easier after filtering of the photographic and electronic noise. The filtering process can be optical or numerical. The use of mask in the Fourier space must not disturb too much the spectrum of the information of interest. The influence of four mask shapes is studied on two nearly similar test objects : atomic columns near the core of germanium crystal dislocations. The optimal mask shape is applied to a real electron micrograph of a high resolution electron image of dislocation.Pour rendre l'interprétation des images obtenues au microscope électronique plus aisée, il est nécessaire de filtrer le bruit photographique et électronique. Le filtrage peut être soit optique soit numerique. Cependant l'utilisation des masques ne doit pas perturber le spectre de Fourier du signal au point d'altérer l'image des défauts cristallins observés. On présente diverses formes de masque et leur influence sur la restitution de l'image d'objets tests. Enfin un filtrage numérique est applique à une image de colonnes atomiques autour d'une dislocation obtenue réellement au microscope électronique

Are the core structures of dislocations and grain boundaries resolvable by HREM

SIGLEAvailable from CEN Saclay, Service de Documentation 91191 - Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex (France) / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueFRFranc

Fistula plug in fistulising ano-perineal Crohn's disease: a randomised controlled trial

International audienceBackground and aims: Anal fistula plug (AFP) is a bioabsorbable bioprosthesis used in ano-perineal fistula treatment. We aimed to assess efficacy and safety of AFP in fistulising ano-perineal Crohn's disease (FAP-CD). Methods: In a multicentre, open-label, randomized controlled trial we compared seton removal alone (control group) with AFP insertion (AFP group) in 106 Crohn's disease patients with non or mildly active disease having at least one ano-perineal fistula tract drained for more than one month. Patients with abscess (collection ≥ 3 mm on MRI) or recto-vaginal fistulas were excluded. Randomization was stratified in simple or complex fistulas according to AGA classification. Primary end point was fistula closure at week 12.Results54 patients were randomized to AFP group (control group 52). Median fistula duration was 23 [10-53] months. Median Crohn's Disease Activity Index at baseline was 81 [45-135]. Fistula closure at week 12 was achieved in 31.5% patients in AFP group and in 23.1 % in control group (relative risk stratified on AGA classification, RR: 1.31; 95%CI: 0.59-4.02; p=0.19). No interaction in treatment effect with complexity stratum was found. 33.3% patients with complex fistula and 30.8% patients with simple fistula closed the tracts after AFP, as compared to 15.4% and 25.6% in controls respectively (RR of success=2.17 in complex fistula vs. RR=1.20 in simple fistula; p= 0.45). Concerning safety, at week 12, 17 patients developed at least one adverse event in AFP group vs. 8 in controls (p=0.07). Conclusion: AFP is not more effective than seton removal alone to achieve FAP-CD closur

Open Label Non-Randomized Phase II Study Exploring «Chemo-Free » Treatment Association with Idelalisib + Obinutuzumab in Patients with Relapsed/Refractory (R/R) Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia (MW), a Filo Trial: Results of the Intermediary Analysis of the Induction Phase

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Gene transfer of integration defective anti-HSV-1 meganuclease to human corneas ex vivo

Corneal graft rejection is a major problem in chronic herpetic keratitis (HK) patients with latent infection. A new class of antiviral agents targeting latent and active forms of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is importantly required. Meganucleases are sequence-specific homing endonucleases capable of inducing DNA double-strand breaks. A proof-of-concept experiment has shown that tailor-made meganucleases are efficient against HSV-1 in vitro. To take this work a step forward, we hypothesized that the pre-treatment of human corneas in eye banks using meganuclease-encoding vectors will allow HK patients to receive a medicated cornea to resist the recurrence of the infection and the common graft rejection problem. However, this strategy requires efficient gene delivery to human corneal endothelium. Using recombinant adeno-associated virus, serotype 2/1 (rAAV2/1), efficient gene delivery of a reporter gene was demonstrated in human corneas ex vivo. The optimum viral dose was 3.7 7 10(11) VG with an exposure time of 1 day, followed by 6 days incubation in de-swelling medium. In addition, 12 days incubation can result in transgene expression in excess of 70%. Using similar transduction conditions, meganuclease transgene expression was detected in 39.4% of the endothelial cells after 2 weeks in culture. Reduction of the total viral load in the media and the endothelial cells of corneas infected with HSV-1 was shown. Collectively, this work provides information about the optimum conditions to deliver genetic material to the cornea, and demonstrates for the first time the expression of meganuclease in human corneas ex vivo and its antiviral activity. In conclusion, we demonstrate that the treatment of human corneas in eye banks before transplantation is a new approach to address the unmet clinical needs in corneal diseases

P766 No difference in progression of disability 2 years after stopping infliximab or immunosuppressant vs. continuing combination therapy in patients with CD in sustained steroid-free remission: a subanalysis of SPARE

Meeting abstract du "19th Congress of ECCO", Stockholm, Suède, 21-24 février, 2024International audienceBackground In the SPARE trial, the discontinuation of infliximab (IFX) in patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) in sustained remission under combination therapy (IFX and immunosuppressant therapy), was associated with a significantly higher relapse rate than when continuing combination therapy or discontinuing immunosuppressant therapy. However, a high proportion of patients rapidly recover remission when resuming treatment. The impact of this treatment strategy on functional disability, a major endpoint in assessing CD progression, has been poorly studied. We aimed to compare the evolution of the IBD-disability index (IBD-DI) in patients continuing combination therapy, discontinuing IFX or immunosuppressant therapy. Methods The study of the evolution of the IBD-DI in the 3 groups (combination, IFX withdrawal, immunosuppressant withdrawal), between baseline and the end of study (2 years), was a pre-defined secondary endpoint of the trial. Changes in scores (between baseline and the end of study) were compared using Wilcoxon tests between the arms “combination group” versus “IFX withdrawal group” and between “immunosuppressant withdrawal group” versus “IFX withdrawal group”. Results IBD-DI was available at baseline and at the end of study for 153 patients out of the 211 randomised in the SPARE trial between November 2015 and April 2019 (46 in the combination group, 55 in the IFX withdrawal group, and 52 in the immunosuppressant withdrawal group) and those were included in the analysis. Table 1 summarizes baseline characteristics of these patients. 30 patients had a relapse (6 [13%] of 46 in the combination group, 19 [34.5%] of 55 in the IFX withdrawal group, 5 [9.6%] of 52 in the immunosuppressant withdrawal group). Of 23 patients who had a relapse and were retreated or optimised according to protocol, remission was achieved in 21 patients (1 of 2 in the combination group, 18 of 19 in the IFX withdrawal group, and 2 of 2 in the immunosuppressant withdrawal group). The median IBD-DI at baseline was 12.5 (IQR, 5.36-21.43), without significant differences between the 3 groups. Figure 1 shows changes in the IBD-DI between baseline and the end of study in the 3 groups. There was no significant difference in terms of changes in IBD-DI between the arms "combination group" and "IFX withdrawal group" (p=0.56), or between the arms "immunosuppressant withdrawal group” and "IFX withdrawal group" (p=0.29). Conclusion In patients with CD in sustained steroid-free remission under combination therapy with IFX and immunosuppressant therapy, there was no difference in progression of disability over 2 years between those who continued combination therapy, stopped IFX or stopped the immunosuppressant with the possibility of recycling the medication after a relapse