Aneurysms of the intracranial segment of the ophthalmic artery trunk. case report and systematic literature review

Aneurysms arising from the ophthalmic artery trunk (OAT) are very rare, particularly in the artery's intracranial course. The onset of a subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) from a ruptured OAT aneurysm in this segment is extremely rare. We present a case and discuss the anatomy, clinical significance, and therapeutic options for an aneurysm at this site. We also retrospectively analyzed the record of a patient with a ruptured aneurysm of the intracranial segment of the OAT and conducted a comprehensive and systematic review of the PubMed and Scopus databases for literature on this pathology. Only one case report of SAH from an aneurysm of the intracranial segment of the OAT was published in the literature. Only in our case was the intracranial OAT segment aneurysm discovered in the acute phase of SAH. Conventional angiography with three-dimensional acquisition may help detect aneurysms at this level. Detailed knowledge of the anatomy of the OAT is of paramount importance for both surgical and endovascular approaches. Surgical treatment is complex because of difficulties in accessing the orbital region and the risk of optic nerve and vascular injuries. Endovascular treatment, when feasible, could be a good alternative to reduce the risk of loss of vision related to surgical manipulation

Nonequilibrium dynamics of a stochastic model of anomalous heat transport: numerical analysis

We study heat transport in a chain of harmonic oscillators with random elastic collisions between nearest-neighbours. The equations of motion of the covariance matrix are numerically solved for free and fixed boundary conditions. In the thermodynamic limit, the shape of the temperature profile and the value of the stationary heat flux depend on the choice of boundary conditions. For free boundary conditions, they also depend on the coupling strength with the heat baths. Moreover, we find a strong violation of local equilibrium at the chain edges that determine two boundary layers of size $\sqrt{N}$ (where $N$ is the chain length), that are characterized by a different scaling behaviour from the bulk. Finally, we investigate the relaxation towards the stationary state, finding two long time scales: the first corresponds to the relaxation of the hydrodynamic modes; the second is a manifestation of the finiteness of the system.Comment: Submitted to Journal of Physics A, Mathematical and Theoretica

Simulation of heat transport in low-dimensional oscillator lattices

The study of heat transport in low-dimensional oscillator lattices presents a formidable challenge. Theoretical efforts have been made trying to reveal the underlying mechanism of diversified heat transport behaviors. In lack of a unified rigorous treatment, approximate theories often may embody controversial predictions. It is therefore of ultimate importance that one can rely on numerical simulations in the investigation of heat transfer processes in low-dimensional lattices. The simulation of heat transport using the non-equilibrium heat bath method and the Green-Kubo method will be introduced. It is found that one-dimensional (1D), two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) momentum-conserving nonlinear lattices display power-law divergent, logarithmic divergent and constant thermal conductivities, respectively. Next, a novel diffusion method is also introduced. The heat diffusion theory connects the energy diffusion and heat conduction in a straightforward manner. This enables one to use the diffusion method to investigate the objective of heat transport. In addition, it contains fundamental information about the heat transport process which cannot readily be gathered otherwise.Comment: Article published in: Thermal transport in low dimensions: From statistical physics to nanoscale heat transfer, S. Lepri, ed. Lecture Notes in Physics, vol. 921, pp. 239 - 274, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York (2016

Nonequilibrium Green's function method for thermal transport in junctions

We present a detailed treatment of the nonequilibrium Green's function method for thermal transport due to atomic vibrations in nanostructures. Some of the key equations, such as self-energy and conductance with nonlinear effect, are derived. A self-consistent mean-field theory is proposed. Computational procedures are discussed. The method is applied to a number of systems including one-dimensional chains, a benzene ring junction, and carbon nanotubes. Mean-field calculations of the Fermi-Pasta-Ulam model are compared with classical molecular dynamics simulations. We find that nonlinearity suppresses thermal transport even at moderately high temperatures.Comment: 14 pages, 10 figure

Detailed Examination of Transport Coefficients in Cubic-Plus-Quartic Oscillator Chains

We examine the thermal conductivity and bulk viscosity of a one-dimensional (1D) chain of particles with cubic-plus-quartic interparticle potentials and no on-site potentials. This system is equivalent to the FPU-alpha beta system in a subset of its parameter space. We identify three distinct frequency regimes which we call the hydrodynamic regime, the perturbative regime and the collisionless regime. In the lowest frequency regime (the hydrodynamic regime) heat is transported ballistically by long wavelength sound modes. The model that we use to describe this behaviour predicts that as the frequency goes to zero the frequency dependent bulk viscosity and the frequency dependent thermal conductivity should diverge with the same power law dependence on frequency. Thus, we can define the bulk Prandtl number as the ratio of the bulk viscosity to the thermal conductivity (with suitable prefactors to render it dimensionless). This dimensionless ratio should approach a constant value as frequency goes to zero. We use mode-coupling theory to predict the zero frequency limit. Values of the bulk Prandtl number from simulations are in agreement with these predictions over a wide range of system parameters. In the middle frequency regime, which we call the perturbative regime, heat is transported by sound modes which are damped by four-phonon processes. We call the highest frequency regime the collisionless regime since at these frequencies the observing times are much shorter than the characteristic relaxation times of phonons. The perturbative and collisionless regimes are discussed in detail in the appendices.Comment: Latex with references in .bib file. 36 pages, 8 figures. Submitted to J. Stat. Phys. on Sept. 2

Editorial

With great pleasure we present this issue of the journal Pensamiento Americano. Since 2008, PensamientoAmericano has contributed to the increase in scientific research, striving for the quality of discussionsdeveloped by renowned researchers in their respective areas. On this issue, it is not the exception. Inits twelfth volume, the journal set out topics that dialogue with the main contemporary dilemmas: environmentalissues, legal discussions, gender violence, new information technologies and labour conditions, education, armedconflicts, suicidal behaviors, intergenerational differences, globalization and alternative justice, artistic and culturalaspects are the issues that make up the analytical framework of this editionÉ com muita alegria que apresentamos esta edição da revista Pensamiento Americano. Desde 2008, Pensamiento Americano tem colaborado para o incremento da pesquisa cientifica primando pela qualidade das discussões desenvolvidas por renomados/as pesquisadores/as em suas respectivas áreas. Nesta edição, não é diferente. Em seu décimo segundo volume, a revista apresenta temáticas que dialogam com os principais dilemas da contemporaneidade: questões ambientais, discussões jurídicas, violência de gênero, novas tecnologias da informação e condições laborais, educação, conflito armado, condutas suicidas, diferenças intergeneracionais, globalização e justiça alternativa, questões artístico-culturais são os temas que compõem o quadro analítico desta edição

Flora Fanerogâmica Do Parque Estadual Da Serra Do Brigadeiro, Minas Gerais, Brasil: Begoniaceae

A taxonomic survey for Begoniaceae occurring in the Serra do Brigadeiro State Park (PESB), Minas Gerais, Brazil is presented in this study. Ten species of Begoniaceae were found at the park, all of them belonging to Begonia: B. altamiroi, B. angulata, B. convolvulacea, B. cucullata, B. fischeri, B. fruticosa, B. hugelii, B. integerrima, B. luxurians and B. riedelii, mainly distinguished by features of habit, by the general aspect of leaf blades, and indument. Of the total, eight species are endemic to Brazil, whilst seven are endemic from the Atlantic Forest. The study was based on bibliographic review, consults to the main Brazilian herbaria, and field observation. Descriptions, illustrations, and comments are also presented for each species.67489390

Production of benzaldehyde, benzyl alcohol and benzoic acid by yeasts and Botrytis cinerea isolated from grape musts and wines

The capacity of 100 yeast strains - isolated from grape musts and wines from the Istituto Sperimentale per l'Enologia collection - to produce benzaldehyde, benzyl alcohol and benzoic acid was verified by inoculation into a synthetic nutrient medium (MNS). Schizosaccharomyces and Zygosaccharomyces were strongest in producing benzaldehyde (maximal amount found 1200 µg/l) and benzyl alcohol (maximally 523 µg/l). Zygosaccharomyces was also most effective in the production of benzoic acid (maximally 536 µg/l), followed by Saccharomyces, Cryptococcus, Kloeckera and Torulaspora. The hypothesis was verified that yeasts can be an exogenous source of the benzyl alcohol oxidizing enzyme in grape musts and wines. Wine yeast strains of Saccharomyces spp., Zygosaccharomyces spp. and Schizosaccharomyces spp. fermenting MNS containing 150 g/l glucose, with benzyl alcohol added, transformed this into benzoic acid only when glucose was disappearing, but not into benzaldehyde. No difference was observed between aerobic and anaerobic fermentation conditions. The uptake of benzyl alcohol was rapid in fermentation essays in presence of only 10 g/l glucose and in assimilation essais performed in yeast nitrogen base broth with assimilable carbon compounds added. A catabolic repression by glucose appears likely. Botrytis cinerea was able to transform benzyl alcohol into benzaldehyde and benzoic acid on Czapek-Dox broth with 30 g/l sucrose added. Benzyl alcohol was transformed by wine yeasts into benzoic acid when the concentration of glucose in the mineral medium was less than 10 g/l, but no production of benzaldehyde was observed. A catabolic repression of this transformation by glucose is likely. Botrytis cinerea was able to produce benzaldehyde in a mineral medium with benzyl alcohol and sucrose added

Estudos sociológicos sobre infância e gênero no Brasil: o lugar das meninas e dos meninos em publicações cientificas (2010-2014)

This article presents notes for the sociological study of childhood and gender relations in scientific articles publishing in journals indexed in the Scielo base The chosen theoretical references dialogues at the interface of gender studies and Sociology of Childhood with emphasis on the adoption (or not) of a gender perspective. The methodology was guided by an mapping in advanced search of scientific articles from the following descriptors groups “childhood and gender” and “girls”. There were 17 articles analyzed and the results show an even shy space and with little dialogue in sociological research on childhood and gender approaches. Childhoods are considered in their clasescutouts, ethnicity/race, gender and generation, especially of adultcentrism methodologies that do not value the point of view of children.Este artículo trae apuntes relacionados con los estudios sociológicos sobre la infancia y las relaciones de género en las publicaciones de artículos científicos en revistas indexadas en el Portal de Artículos de la base Scielo (2010-2014). El marco teórico elegido dialoga en la interfaz de los estudios de género y la Sociología de la infancia (SI) con énfasis en la adopción (o no) de la perspectiva de género. La metodología estuvo guiada por un mapeo en búsqueda avanzada de artículos en revistas de los siguientes grupos de descriptores “infancia y género” y “niñas”. Fueron 17 artículos analizados y los resultados demuestran un espacio aún tímido y poco dialogado en las investigaciones sociológicas sobre infancia y enfoques de género. Las infancias son consideradas en términos de clase, etnia/raza, género y generación, con predominio de metodologías adultocéntricas que no valoran el punto de vista de los niños.Este artigo traz apontamentos relativos aos estudos sociológicos sobre infâncias e relações de gênero nas publicações de artigos científicos em revistas indexadas no Portal de Artigos da base Scielo (2010-2014). O referencial teórico escolhido dialoga na interface dos estudos de gênero e da Sociologia da infância (SI) com ênfase na adoção (ou não) da perspectiva de gênero. A metodologia pautou-se por um mapeamento em busca avançada de artigos em revistas a partir dos seguintes grupos de descritores “infância e gênero” e “meninas”. Foram 17 artigos analisados e os resultados demonstram um espaço ainda tímido e com pouco diálogo nas pesquisas sociológicas sobre as infâncias e os enfoques de gênero. As infâncias são consideradas em seus recortes de classe, etnia/raça, gênero e geração, com predominância de metodologias adultocêntricas que não valorizam o ponto de vista das crianças